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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,A,*,Topic,Main Idea and Supporting Details,By Liu Rong,1,A,What will you learn today?,1.what topic,main idea and supporting details are,2.How to distinguish topic,main idea and supporting details,3.how to find out topic sentence and implied main idea,4.How to identify the patterns of details,2,A,What is topic?,Topic is subject of a paragraph,it maybe the title of an article,It answers the question:who or what is the article or paragraph about.,What is main idea?,Main idea is the short explanation for the topic,it is the authors viewpoint on the subject.,What is supporting details?,Supporting details are those to detail the main idea,Topics are expressed in words or phrases.,A title of a reading passage may be a topic.An issue that is discussed may be a topic.,Main idea is also called controlling idea,the core,or the central focus of a piece of writing.,Notice!,Once you have determined the topic of a passage,you can move a step further to get the main idea.The main idea is the reason or purpose for the,author to write the passage.It is not the subject;it is the authors viewpoint on the subject.If you ask yourself“What is the author telling me about this,subject?”or“What does the auhtor want me to remember about this subject?”You are asking about the main idea.,3,A,Some books read in childhood are truly unforgettable.Some of the characters,the places,the adventures experienced with so much excitement when one is quite young,stay in ones mind as long as memory lasts.Such a character is Long John Silver in Robert Louis Stevensons,Treasure Island.,Who could ever forget him as he walked along the decks of his ship as quickly on his crutch as other men with two good legs?As for Alice,who could ever forget her as she talked with the caterpillar and argued with the ill-tempered queen?She remains forever as a child in memory.Childhood memory of Tom Sawyer and the joy Tom and his pals had remain clear in spite the passage of time.Who would give up these perfect childhood memories?,(129 words),2 minutes!,Reading Practice:,Read the following passage and try to find out,the topic,the main idea,and,its supporting,details.,4,A,The popular idea of snow is that it consists of frozen raindrops.This is not the case.It is true that sometimes raindrops freeze in their passage from the mother cloud to earth.Such frozen raindrops are called sleet or hail.But snow is something else again.It is made up of water vapor particles that have been transformed into crystals without first passing through the liquid state.Such crystals can form only when the dew point is below 0 centigrade.(81 words),5,A,The Topic sentence and Main Idea,The topic is what the paragraph about.The sentence,which states the main idea of the paragraph,is called the topic sentence.,6,A,For example:,Everyone hopes that he or she can have a healthy body.Being your own doctor is the most important thing you must do during your daily life.You should take your symptoms seriously.Dont automatically dismiss anything as“hypochondria”,“old age”or“my cross to bear”.This is especially true if a symptom begins interfering with your ability to work,get around to enjoy life.For years,Melinda Demerius,38,kept thinking her symptomsheadaches,shronic fatigue,hip painwerent serious enough to justify a visit to the doctor.Finally,she went to the doctor for her individual symptom,and she got single symptom diagnoses.,(105 words,finish reading within one minute!),topic,Topic sentence,7,A,Honesty is most necessary in experimenting.The very purpose of experimentation is to discover truths,which will answer a question.Too often,students disregarded this fact and tend to depend on other people for their information.Scientists have not made their wonderful discoveries by depending entirely on what others have said.New things are always likely to happen.The scientist hopes his theory is correct,but he does not make it turn out as he wishes.He observes carefully,records what he finds accurately,and in this way contributes to the process of knowledge.,Where can you find the,topic sentence,?,The first sentence,8,A,A kid is much more likely to choose a bicycle by its color by what model a friend than to think out more relevant considerations like price,durability or performance.More ominously,says Yale educational psychologist Robert J.Sternberg some problems,including drug use,may occur because young people have not learned to measure actions against consequences.Actually,American kids cant apply reasonable thought to everyday,situations,Where can you find the,topic sentence,?,The last sentence,9,A,Where can you find the,topic sentence,?,Two boys and girls,students of Tonasket High School,had been“cruising”for a couple hours,talking and laughing.At a sharp curve,the pickup somehow went off the road,rolled down the steep,rocky mountainside and twisted around a pine tree.All four occupantsnone wearing a seat beltwere tossed out of the cab.Motor-vehicle in
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