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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,模块二,难题技巧点拨,题型四 短文填空,01,中考考情导航,02,解题技巧点拨,03,广东真题剖析,04,备考模拟训练,短文填空是广东中考英语试卷最难的题型之一，它的分值是,15,分，共有,10,个小题。该题既考查考生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力。,短文填空一般在一篇,200,词左右的记叙文,/,说明文中挖出,10,个空,(,一般一行或一句一个空，首句不设空,),。要求考生通读短文后，根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词。命题规律如下：,1.,必考词：动词、代词、形容词、介词,2.,高频考点：名词、副词、连词,3.,其他考点：冠词,(,自,2020,年题型改革后，未曾考查过,),具体考点分布如下：,年份,词数,话题,考点分布,动词,名词,代词,形容词,副词,介词,连词,冠词,2022,182,茶文化,2,1,1,1,4,1,2021,202,人物介绍,3,1,2,1,1,2,2020,196,帮助他人,2,2,3,1,1,1,2019,179,地点介绍,1,2,1,1,1,1,2,1,2018,227,家庭,2,2,2,2,1,1,中考,短文填空评分标准：,1.,考生所填答案与所给答案一致，或其他意思符合短文内容要求且形式正确的答案给满分；,2.,考生所填答案意思相符但形式有错，每个扣,0.5,分；,3.,考生所填答案意思不符，不给分；,4.,单词大小写错误，扣,0.5,分。,短文填空所填实词，会涉及到词形变化，因此为了攻克短文填空，考生需要先打好词形变化的基础。下面重点介绍在短文填空中常考的名词和动词的词形变化。,1,打好基础关,一、名词的词形变化,所填名词为可数名词，按以下规则变化其形式：,1.(2021,广东节选,)Lao Pans new book includes his,Forty-seven,_73_ to his family back in America.The letters,show,Chinas development in different periods.,2.(2020,广东节选,)One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street.They wanted to raise money to help their friends.Then she came up with,an,_71_.,空格前有大于,1,的标志词，填复数,letters,空格前有等于,1,的标志词,填单数,idea,二、动词的词形变化,所填动词要根据时态、语态以及语法要求，按所需的形式填写。具体变化如下：,1.(2021,广东节选,),In 1988,Lao Pan first came to China and,_,69_ as a teacher at a university,.,2.(2020,广东节选,)She felt sad that the kids there didnt have new clothes,to,_,68_ and toys to play with.,空格前有明显的一般过去时的标志词,填过去式,worked,空格前有不定式符号,to,填原形,wear,上下文推断,2,突破技巧关,与完形填空一样，从上下文中找到相关信息点，通过逻辑推理，填出与原句意思相符的单词。,(2021,广东节选,)These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books.Since then he has,_,71,_,thirteen books about China.,written/published/finished,(1),从上一句中可寻到信息点：,These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books.,这些在中国的经历给他的书提供了想法。,(2),推理填词：根据此信息，可推知：自从那时起，他已经写了,13,本关于中国的书。可见此处填“写,/,出版,/,完成”。由于前面有,has,所以此处动词用过去分词“,written/published/finished”,。,词汇复现,词汇复现是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化、同义词,/,近义词、反义词等形式重复出现在语篇之中。,(2021,广东节选,)Lao Pans new book includes his fortyseven,_,73,_,to his family back in America.The letters show Chinas development in different periods.,letters,根据下一句“,The letters show”,中,letters,的词汇复现，可知空处填“,letters”,。,固定搭配,结合对上下文的理解，并根据短语、句型以及常用搭配来填词。,(2020,广东节选,)With the help of her mother,Jane _72_ up her first lemonade stand(,摊档,).In a week,it made,$,52.,set/put,set up,建起；设立，,put up,搭建，均符合题意。根据下一句的时态可知用一般过去时，故填,set/put,。,主要考查考生对语法知识的掌握情况及运用能力，语法知识主要指代词、介词、宾语从句的关系词、冠词等相关知识。,(2021,广东节选,)But Lao Pan did not begin to understand China,_,70,_,he and his family took a 3month drive around the country.,语法知识,until/till,(1),根据句子结构，我们可将句子分为两部分：第一部分“,But Lao Pan did not begin to understand China”,，第二部分“,he and his family took a 3month drive around the country”,。,(2),根据两部分之间的关系，判定答案：前后句分别意为“老潘没有开始了解中国”和“他和他的家人在中国开车旅行了,3,个月”。两部分之间有前后时间关系，属于,notuntil/till,结构。故此处填,until/till,。,下面以,2022,年广东省中考真题为例，说明解题技巧的运用。,Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea?If the answer is _66_,，,you may have the same habit as many people.,yes,66.,考查副词。“,Would you like,？”用,yes,或,no,回答，由后文“,have the same habit as many people”,可知此处填,yes,。,You may not know _67_ popular tea is.Among all kinds of drinks,tea is one of the most popular two choices.People like it because it is _68_ for their health.,how,good,67.,考查副词。对形容词,popular,感叹用,how,。,68.,考查形容词。“,be good for”,意为“对,有好处”，并结合上文可知此处填,good,。,Tea is mostly produced _69_ Asian countries like China and India.Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,，,000 years _70_.At that time,people made tea in a simple way.They just put fresh tea leaves into hot _71_.,in,69.,考查介词。“,in,大地点”表示“在某地”，故填,in,。,ago,water,70.,考查副词。“时间段,ago”,表示“多久以前”，故填,ago,。,71.,考查名词。根据常识，泡茶需要用水，故此处填,water,。,Tea wasnt introduced into Europe until the early 17th century.And now it has,_,72,_,popular in Europe and America.People there like to _73_ tea with sugar or milk in it.As the population of tea drinkers gets larger,tea business is getting _74_ important than before.,become/been,72.,考查动词。根据上文可知，此句表示“现在它在欧洲和美洲变得流行起来”，因此此处填,become/been(,注意现在完成时句式为“,has/have,过去分词”,),。,drink,73.,考查动词。由“,drink tea”,意为“喝茶”可知此处填,drink,。,more,74.,考查副词。根据,than,可知此处填,more,。,The first International Tea Day was on May 21st,2020.Since then,people have celebrated _75_ every year.The Day makes people realize the importance of tea workers and tea culture.,it,75.,考查代词。句意为“从那时起，人们每年都庆祝它”。此处的“它”代指“,International Tea Day”,，故填,it,。,话题：最喜欢的书,词数,：,209,建议,用时：,10 min,正确率,：,_/10,训 练 一,I like reading.I love many different kinds of 1._,，,because they not only open my mind but also give me courage.,books,1,考查名词。根据下文“,Up to now I have read a lot of books”,中,books,的词汇复现，可知填,books,。,Up to now I have read a lot of books,such 2,._,magazines,novels and storybooks.But one of the books that I like best is The Story of My Life.It was written by American 3,._,Helen Keller in 1902.She was a 4,._,，,deaf and dumb(,哑的,)person.In the book,she wrote that she had not been able to see,hear or speak 5,._,she was one year and seven months old.,as,3,考查名词。根据空前的“,was written”,及空后的人名，可知这里说的是这本书是作家,Helen Keller,写的，故填,writer,。,writer,blind,4,考查形容
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