状语从句的省略

1Dont _ in the exam while _ an exam. Acalm；takeBcheat；taking Clist；takingDignore；take【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析和状语从句的省略句。句意：考试的时候，不要作弊。A. calm使平静；B. cheat作弊；C. list列清单；D. ignore忽略。分析句子可知，本句为状语从句的省略句，原句应该是while you are taking an exam，省略了you are，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 从句谓语中包含be动词, 在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等，由“Dont， in the exam” 可知，考试不要作弊，祈使句用动词原形。故选B。2If _more time, we can do it better. AgiveBgivingCgivenDgave【答案】C【解析】考查if条件状语从句的省略。句意：如果被给予更多时间，我们能做得更好。原句是if we are given more time，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句谓语中包含be动词, 在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词，保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等,故选C。3When _ from the top of the hill, the whole city looks more beautiful.AseeingBseenCis seenDis seeing【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句的省略句。句意：从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美。分析句子可知，本句为状语从句的省略句，还原后为：When the whole city is seen from the top of the hill,因从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句的动词为be动词，所以主语和谓语可以省略。故B选项正确。4How is Amy suffering from liver failure?The doctor has said if in a proper way, she is likely to recover.Ato be treated Btreated Ctreating Dis treated【答案】B【解析】考查省略句。句意：-艾米患肝衰竭怎么样了？-医生说如果治疗得当，她很可能会康复。分析句子可知，从句是非谓语，其逻辑主语是主句的主语she，she与动词treat二者是被动关系，即“她如果被治病得当的话，就会康复”。相当于句中省略了she is,故选B。5Having an outdoor meal is always fun, but it can also be damaging to the planet if_. Aplanned not carefullyBnot planning carefully Cnot planned carefullyDnot to be planned carefully【答案】C【解析】考查省略句。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且状语从句中有be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略。本题在if后面省略了it is。句意：出去吃饭也行有有趣。但是如果没有被仔细计划，它也可能回破坏我们的地球。故C正确。6What will you do if _ outside with no key?Abeing locked Bhaving lockedClocking Dlocked【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句省略用法。当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且含有be动词的时候，可以把主语和系动词一起省略。本句if后省略了you are。句意：如果你被锁在外面身边也没有钥匙，你会做什么。故D项正确。7Our tutor would listen to us reading our essays aloud, but rarely, _, commented on them.Aif everBif anyCif possibleDif anything【答案】A【解析】考查if的省略句。句意：如果曾经有的话，我们的导师也很少对我们的朗读作评论。根据句意可知，前面有rarely，后面用if ever，表示如果曾经有的话也很少。故选A项。8It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwiseBIf notCBut for thatDIf so【答案】D【解析】考查连接词辨析。句意：听起来像是发动机有问题，如果是这样的话，我们最好马上去修理厂。A. Otherwise否则；B. If not如果不；C. But for that要不是；D. If so如果是这样的话。根据语境，故选D。9When _, the library will be open to the public next year.AcompletedBcompletingCbeing completedDto be completed【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：建成后，图书馆将于明年向公众开放。在when引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，library与complete之间是被动关系，本句的完整形式为When it is completed，相当于省略了it is，故A项正确。10When _ the two countries, weve found they have much in common.AcomparedBcompareCbeing comparedDcomparing【答案】D【解析】考查省略句。句意：比较这两个国家时，我们发现它们有许多共同之处。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。从句完整为When we are comparing the two countries。省略主语与be动词，故选D。一、完形填空Today, caring people across the country are finding creative ways to improve the lives of the homeless. These efforts 1 mental health services, and 2 haircuts -a service offered by the Nashville Street Barbers.The Nashville Street Barbers is a group of hairdressers 3 are trying make their community a 4 place one cut at a time. The inspiring group was 5 in 2017 by hairdresser Caroline Lindner, who created the 6 to help the homeless .Since then, the Nashville Street Barbers has 7 , thanks to a $10.000 donation from the Hardees All Stars program and, most importantly, thanks to a growing group of 8 visitors. Linder 9 that the barbers have seen such a success because of the connections theyve made with their visitors, who they treat just like paying(付费的) customers. I know most people are particular about their 10 and our 11 are not different, she told. We had to prove and gain trust which 12 people to come back every Monday 13 What started as a one-person effort has become a city-wide 14 that now provides up to80 free haircuts a week. Lindner even has plans to 15 the program, bringing the Nashville Street Barbers to locations beyond the city. Until then, the team hopes to make a 16 through their 17 story. Our final goal, they say, is to 18 others around the world to start their own barbering communities and 19 their communities. And now, we can see in fact there are many people 20 their steps1AincludeBstartCfinishDdoubt2AexpensiveBfreeCtimelyDcheap3AwhoBwhichCwhomDwhen4AhealthierBcolderCbetterDstronger5AreleasedBhonouredCsoldDfounded6AschoolBgroupCfamilyDsociety7AgrownBdecreasedCdisappearedDstopped8AcarefulBthankfulCgenerousDfaithful9AforgetsBmanagesCbelievesDsighs10AhairBclothesCshoesDdress11AmembersBneighboursCworkersDfriends12AletBmadeCgotDtook13AsuccessfullyBimportantlyCespeciallyDfinally4AactivityBfestivalCargumentDdream15AreachBarriveCenlargeDimprove16AmistakeBpromiseCdecisionDdifference17AInspiringBsurprisingCembarrassingDdamaging18AforceBinviteCencourageDrefuse19AfindBhelpCorganizeDdonate20AchangingBfollowingClovingDmeasuring【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了纳什维尔的理发师们为流浪者们免费理发，创设了美好社区。1A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些努力包括心理健康服务。A.include包括；B.start开始；C.finish完成；D.doubt怀疑。根据mental health services, and _ haircuts可知，这些努力“包括”这些行为。故选A。2B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些努力包括心理健康服务和免费理发这是纳什维尔街理发师提供的服务。A.expensive昂贵的；B.free免费的；C.timely及时地；D.cheap便宜的。下文提示尤其是to help the homeless，可知这些理发师为流浪者提供的是免费的理发服务。故选B。3A 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：纳什维尔街理发师是一群理发师，他们“试图让他们的社区变成一个更好的地方，一次剪一个。”A. who谁；B. which哪一个；C. whom谁；D. when当时候。该句是定语从句，先行词hairdresser是人，在从句中充当主语。故选A。4C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纳什维尔街理发师是一群理发师，他们“试图让他们的社区变成一个更好的地方，一次剪一个。”A.healthier健康的；B.colder冷的；C.better更好的；D.stronger更强壮的。根据trying make their community，可知这些理发师的目的是让社区变得更美好。故选C。5D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个鼓舞人心的团体是由发型师卡罗琳林德纳于2017年创立的。A.released发布；B.honourd纪念；C.sold出售；D.founded建立。根据created，可知这些理发师群体是由 Caroline Lindner 创立的。故选D 。6B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她创建了这个团体来帮助无家可归者。A.school学校；B.group小组；C.family家庭；D.society社会。根据上文The inspiring group，可知纳什维尔理发师是一个团体。故选B。7A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，纳什维尔街的理发师开始成长。A.grown成长；B.decreased减少；C.disappeared消失；D.stopped停止。根据下文thanks to a growing group of_8_visitors.提示，可知该团体的影响扩大了，及该团体的理发师数量不断增长。故选A。8D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，还要感谢越来越多忠实的访客。A.careful仔细的；B.thankful 感恩的；C.generous慷慨的；D.faithful信任的。下文提到that now provides up to80 free haircuts a week.该团体每周都能提供多达80多次的免费理发，可知，流浪者们对该团体信任，并且是忠实的。故选D。9C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：林德认为，理发师们之所以能取得如此的成功，是因为他们与来访者建立了联系，他们对待来访者就像对待付费顾客一样。A.forgets忘记；B.manages管理；C.believes相信；D.sighs叹气。根据because of the connections theyve made with their visitors可知，Caroline Lindner认为他们能够取得成功，使他们对流浪者一视同仁，这是她的信念。故选C。10A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道大多数人都很在意自己的头发。A.hair头发；B.clothes衣服；C.shoes鞋子；D.dress裙子。上文一直从理发角度讲述。故选A。11D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的朋友也不例外。A.members成员；B.neighbours邻居；C.workers工人；D.friends朋友。根据语境可知，Caroline Lindner是一个充满爱心的人，所以称呼这些流浪者为“朋友”。故选D。12C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须证明并获得信任，这使得人们每个星期一都回来。A. let让，允许；B. made制造，造成；C. got得到；D. took拿，取。根据语境可知，理发师们获得了流浪者的信任，这使他们定期来这里理发，get sb. to do。故选C。13D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，原本一个人的努力变成了全市范围内的活动。A.successfully成功地；B. importantly重要地；C. especially特别地；D. finally最后。根据to come back every Monday，可知流浪者们最后相信这些理发师，每个星期一都来理发。故选D。14A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，原本一个人的努力变成了全市范围内的活动，现在每周提供多达80次免费理发。A. activity活动；B. festival节日；C. argument争吵；D.dream梦想。根据that now provides up to80 free haircuts a week可知，此处指原先只是一个人的努力，现在成了全城的活动。故选A。15C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：林德纳甚至计划扩大这个项目，把纳什维尔街的理发师带到城市以外的地方。A.reach到达；B.arrive到达；C.enlarge扩大；D.improve提高。根据bringing the Nashville Street Barbers to locations beyond the city可知，Caroline Lindner计划把这个团体带到城市以外的地方，这是想要扩大该团体。故选C。16D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，这个团队希望通过他们鼓舞人心的故事来改变现状。A.mistake 错误；B.promise 承诺；C.decision决定；D.difference不同。根据句意，可知该团体希望通过自己的故事产生大的影响，make a difference 起作用，有影响。故选D。17A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，这个团队希望通过他们鼓舞人心的故事来改变现状。A. inspiring激励人心的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. damaging毁灭的。根据hopes to和此处承接上文内容，可知，该团体的故事，是具有鼓舞人心的作用。故选A。18C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们的最终目标，”他们说，“是鼓励世界各地的其他人建立自己的理发社区。A. force强迫；B. invite邀请；C. encourage鼓励；D. refuse拒绝。根据to start their own barbering communities可知，他们的目的是鼓励世界各地的人们像他们自己之前被鼓励一样，去帮助社区。故选C。19B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他们的社区。A. find找到；B. help帮助；C. organize组织；D. donate捐赠。根据上一句可知，该团体希望人们都能成立自己的理发店，去帮助自己的社区。故选B。20B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我们可以看到，事实上有很多人都在追随他们的脚步。A. changing改变；B. following跟随；C. loving爱；D. measuring测量。固定短语follow ones steps追随某人。故选B。二、语法填空A small town in England is teaching the world that it is important 1 (grow) your own food. Any open space 2 (use) to grow fruit and vegetables. There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrots, here and there. Everyone can pick them 3 free. Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden. She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden wall and put up a sign 4 (say), Help yourself? Today, Pam has 5 (complete) changed the town.t A new town has been born, 6 is called Incredible Edible Todmorden. Pam explained why she thought the idea was popular. Its possible and positive. Many people know we have to change, 7 how we do that is a question. So one day, she gathered all the 8 (villager) together. They decided to do something different at once. They didnt write reports. They didnt ask for permission. They Just did it. Only a short time 9 (late), Todmorden became a big garden of fruit vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a motto: If you eat, you are in, But thats not all. There are 10 (many)than 700 edible towns popping up around the world, from Canada to Mali. People there think about food and protect environment at the same time.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是在英格兰一个小镇的所有开放式空间都有可食用的蔬菜水果，那里的人们考虑食物的同时保护环境。1to grow 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：英国的一个小镇正在向全世界宣传自己种植粮食的重要性。该句结构为“It is形容词不定式”。故填to grow。2is used 【解析】考查语态。句意：任何空地都用来种植水果和蔬菜。主语为Any open space，宾语为fruit and vegetables，故此处为谓语部分，且use与space之间是动宾关系，时态为一般现在时。故填is used。3for 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：每个人都可以免费采摘。for free为固定搭配，表示“免费的”。故填for。4saying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她种了蔬菜，推倒了花园的围墙，挂起了一个牌子，上面写着：“请自便。”分析句子结构可知，这里的say应该是非谓语动词，且要使用主动形式。故填saying。5completely 【解析】考查副词。句意：今天，帕姆彻底改变了这座城市。此处要用副词修饰谓语动词has changed。故填completely。6which 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：一个新的小镇诞生了，它被称为“不可思议的可食用蘑菇”。该句为非限制性定语从句，其先行词为指物名词town，且在从句中充当主语。故填which。7but 【解析】考查连词。句意：很多人都知道我们必须改变，但如何改变还是个问题。根据下一句that is a question可知这两句间为转折关系。故填but。8villagers 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：于是有一天，她召集了所有的村民。villager为可数名词，前有修饰语all，表示所有的，故这里应用名词的复数形式。故填villagers。9later 【解析】考查副词。句意：不久之后，托德莫登变成了一个巨大的水果蔬菜园。根据a short time可知此处应该用意为“稍后”，later“稍后，以后，后来”为副词。故填later。10more 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：从加拿大到马里，世界各地出现了700多个可食用的城镇。根据介词than可知此处要用形容词的比较级 。故填more。