2020年湖北武汉科技大学翻译英语考研真题及答案

2020年湖北武汉科技大学翻译英语考研真题及答案Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each) Directions: There are 20 statements in this section. After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1. They didnt find that the meeting was _ until they got to the hall.A. canceledB. conceivedC. put outD. cut down2. There are many kinds of steel, each _ its uses in industry.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. having3. They had food and clothing _ for their needs.A. sufficientB. efficientC. properD. considerable4. The two brave young men _ the day when their own country was liberated.A. longed toB. desired afterC. longed forD. longed after5. It _ to rain cats and dogs that day.A. happenedB. occurredC. took placeD. was6. Thats his first offence, and the judge is going to give him a light _.A. sentenceB. crimeC. serviceD. claim7. Were there any exciting _ during your journey?A. incidentsB. accidentsC. eventsD. business8. A month after 5-year-old Leanna Warner was reported missing, her family still _ hope even as they try to live a “new” normal life.A. holds outB. holds upC. holds toD. holds back9. This information is only _ data and will need further analysis.A. netB. grossC. rawD. rough10. Is the _ of food and clothes to the hungry more helpful than giving money?A. donationB. devotionC. dedicationD. compensation11. He was already _ the ship.A. boardB. aboardC. abroadD. broad12. After graduation, he suddenly became interested in the _ of literature and art.A. realmB. rangeC. areaD. zone13. Stormy applause broke forth _ he appeared on the stage.A. for the momentB. the momentC. at the moment whenD. the moment when14. A good salesman must be _ if he wants to succeed.A. militantB. offensiveC. aggressiveD. certain15. Physics is _ to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.A. likelyB. uniformC. alikeD. equivalent16. So much _ about his financial position that he cant sleep at night.A. he worriesB. does he worryC. did he worryD. he worried17. Many are socially active, are involved as volunteers, and are _ new responsibilities.A. taking onB. taking overC. taking inD. taking after18. I will now introduce the candidate in support of _ I wish to speak.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom19. At 125th Street, Mr. Torres would _ to the No. 2 train by crossing the platform.A. inferB. transformC. transferD. refer20. Not that I dont want to go, _ that I have no time.A. althoughB. despiteC. butD. forPart II. Error Correction (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You are required to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you add a word, put an insertion mark () in the right place and write the missing word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you change a word, cross it and put your word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. Remember to write the correct number beside each blank on the answer sheet.For most parents, having a newborn in the house candisrupt sleep schedules. Generally, there arent any long-termhealth effects.Its a evolutionary thing thats built in to help us raise 21. _newborns, though there are really no studies for this. New 22. _parents can prepare by understanding, and accepting, which 23. _the first few months will most likely consist of disruptedsleep. If you followed the guidelines below, the disrupted 24. _sleep will likely last for only a few months, which is rathershort-term in the scheme of things. During the first six months of life,babies sleep soundly in two-to-four hour periods. Newborns are notborn with a cycle that makes him stay awake during the day 25. _and sleep at night. Rather, sleep is spaced regularly to piece 26. _throughout the 24-hour day. Bottle-fed newborns tend to sleepfor slightly shorter periods, generally three to four hours, 27. _whereas breast-fed babies tend to sleep in one-to-three hourcycles. After 6 months of age, infants begin to sleep for longerperiods, they generally sleep through the night. From 6 28. _months to 9 months, however, many infants, even those whowere fantastic sleepers when they were younger, begin toexhibit episodes of night wakings. These night wakings aregenerally due to developmental phases. Instead sleeping, 29. _babies often find it more interesting to practice newly acquiredskills like crawling or sitting up. About 30 percent to 50 percentof infants at this age awaken at most once per night for a 30. _short while, usually for about one to five minutes at a time,with 25 percent of 1-year-olds continuing to do so.Part III. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each)Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:Conservationists call them hot spots - habitats that cover just 1.4 percent of the earths land surface but are so rich in biological diversity that preserving them could keep an astonishing number of plant and animal species off the endangered list.Since 1988, when Dr. Norman Myers and his colleagues began describing these hot spots in a series of scientific papers and arguing for their protection, they havebecome a focus of worldwide conservation efforts. Private organizations and government agencies, including the World Bank, have made preserving 25 such ecological arks a top priority for financing and protective legislation. But a growing chorus of scientists is warning that directing conservation funds to hot spots may be a recipe for major losses in the future. Of species that live on land, nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal groups that live in less biologically rich regions (“cold spots”). And the hot-spot concept does not factor in the importance of some ecosystems to human beings, the scientists argue.This debate has been simmering（炖，煨，慢煮） quietly among biologists for years; however, it is coming to a boil now with the publication of an article in the current issue of American Scientist arguing that “calls to direct conservation funding to the worlds biodiversity hot spots may be bad investment advice.” “The hot-spot concept has grown so popular in recent years within the larger conservation community that it now risks eclipsing（超越）all other approaches,” write the authors of the paper. “The officers and directors of all too many foundations, non-governmental organizations and international agencies have been seduced by the simplicity of the hot spot idea,” they go on. “We worry that the initially appealing idea of getting the most species per unit area is, in fact, a thoroughly misleading strategy.”But hot spots have their ardent（热情的）defenders, notably Dr. Norman Myers and Dr. Russell Mittermeier. Dr. Myers says hot spots have been successful at attracting attention and financing for conservation in tropical countries. “And that has been good,” he said. “No one is suggesting that one invest solely in hot spots, but if you want to avoid extinctions, you have to invest in them.”31. The best title for this passage would be _.A. A Debate on Preserving Hot SpotsB. An Introduction to Hot SpotsC. Hot Spots vs. Cold SpotsD. How to Finance Hot Spots32.Hot spots occupy a small percentage of the earths land surface with _.A. a third of all plantsB. many major animal groups living in cold spotsC. rich biological diversityD. many rare species living in cold spots33.Critics of hot spots hold the opinion that _.A. hot spots are always as important as cold spotsB. it is unwise to invest largely in hot spotsC. governments should choose the best time to invest in hot spotsD. the hot-spot approach is a misleading strategy from the very beginning34.According to Dr. Norman Myers, _.A. protecting and investing in hot spots can save species from extinctionB. conservation efforts should not center on hot spotsC. governments should invest most in cold spotsD. the hot-spot approach now is not as good as it was in the past35.What is the writers attitude towards the hot-spot approach?A. Critical.B. Neutral.C. Supportive.D. Doubtful.Questions 36-40 are based on the following passage:Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Anistons with a few taps on their remote control. “Its been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years. ” says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers toworry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates-especially important at a time when marketing budges are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising, “many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV, ” says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-seconds spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe Deodorant(除臭剂)， which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, as advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $ 138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britains biggest satellite-television service, already provide 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “lean back” medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.36.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying “Its been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years” (Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A. Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B. Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C. Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D. Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.37.What is publics response to Cablevisions planned interactive TV advertising program?A. Pretty positive.B. Totally indifferent.C. Somewhat doubtful.D. Rather critical.38.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A. It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B. It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C. It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D. It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.39.What do we learn about Unilevers interactive campaign?A. It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B. It has done well in engaging the viewers.C. it helps attract investments in the company.D. It has boosted the TV advertising industry.40.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A. They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B. They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C. They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.D. They indicate the future direction of media reform.Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage:Maybe its a sign of a mature mind when some of lifes bigger questions-about love, faith, ambition-suddenly seem more manageable than smaller ones, such as: why did I just open the refrigerator? Where on earth did I put my keys? Where did I write down that phone number?Our capacity for storing and recalling information does not stream down like sand through an hourglass, as neurologists once believed. On the contrary, new research suggests that, when stimulated in the right way, brains of almost any age can give birth to cells and forge fresh pathways to file away new information. This emerging picture has not only encouraged those who treat and care for the 5% of older adults who have dementia(痴呆症) such as Alzheimers disease, but also generated a wave of optimism among those studying memory changes in the other 95%, as well as an increasing public fascination with “memory enhancement” dietary supplements, books and brain-improving techniques.The slight failures of memory that many of us attribute to a failing brain are often due to something entirely different: anxiety, sleep problems, depression, even heart disease. The biological nuts and bolts of learning and memory in fact change little over time in healthy people, researcher say. “There is very little cell loss, and structurally all the machinery is there, even very late in life, ” said a neuroscientist Greg Cole. Its the cells speed and ability to send and receive signals that diminish gradually, which is what makes the mind go blank when trying to recall familiar words and names.For more than a decade, researchers have known that people who have active, intellectually challenging lives are less likely to develop dementia than those who do not. Part of this difference is attributable to intelligence, some doctors believe, The more you start with, the longer it takes to lose it. And new evidence suggests that the act of using your brain is in itself protective, no matter who you are.All of the activities, such as reading newspaper , watching TV, playing games, etc. , can improve peoples scores on standard tests measuring recall of numbers and names, experts say. They also acknowledge, however, that there is a big difference between playing chess with a friend and doing a mental exercise, such as memorizing numbers. One is an organic part of a persons life, the other a purely intellectual exercise, done in isolation. The first is fun; the second, often, is a tiring task.41.According to the text, adult persons usually_A. stress the settlement of bigger problems.B. focus their attention on great issues.C. overlook the remembrance of trivial things.D. suffer memory decline related to age.42.According to new research, its distinct that_A. our brain cells can be producible.B. our memory may be renewable.C. most mental illnesses are curable.D. brain-mending methods are available.43.The phrase “nuts and bolts” in Par.3 most probably means_A. basic structures.B. complex tasks.C. practical aspects.D. working parts.44.As asserted by researchers, our inability to memorize words or names mainly_A. results from the declining efficiency of brain cells.B. results in the brains liability to radical interference.C. consists of different mental disorders.D. consists in various emotional problems.45.Experts suggest that the best way to avoid memory failures is_.A. to take more dietary supplementsB. to keep mental function aliveC. to find an intellectual occupationD. to do more intellectual exerciseQuestions 46-50 are based on the following passage:Every year at Thanksgiving, parts of the Upper West Side of Manhattan become like a paradise for children. Theres the exciting preparation of the balloons and floats for the Thanksgiving Day parade, and then, on Thursday morning, the parade itself.The weather isnt always kind. Ive seen the kids out there in snow, in freezing rain, in winds that threaten to send the balloons and their handlers soaring to distant venues. It doesnt seem to matter. The children come into the neighborhood in waves, holding the hands of adults or riding atop their shoulders, smiling, laughing, and playing hide-and-seek among the police barriers. Finally, inevitably, they end up staring in absolute open-mouthed, wide-eyed look as huge colorful creation of their favorite characters begin making their grand way down Central Park West.We have an obligation and an opportunity at this special moment in history to do right by these youngsters, and all the rest of Americas kids. Its a special moment because weve seen so clearly the many things that have gone wrong in the society, and it may not be easy to articulate.The American economy is broken, ruined by the greed and irresponsibility of fabulously wealthy corporate headmen and their shabby helpers and enablers in government. While Wall Street is handing out billions in bonuses, American families are struggling with joblessness, home foreclosures and a huge sum of debt. The economic woes are having a negative impact on family life, and children are taking a big hit- emotionally, psychologically and otherwise.One effect of the Great Recession, according to a recent series in The New York Times, has been a big jump in the number of runaway children, many of them living in dangerous condition on the street.Family homelessness is also up. And poverty is increasing. More than a third of all black children in America are poor, and that tragic percentage is expanding. The outlook for Americas working classes is bleak. A few weeks ago a New York cab