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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,主谓一致要点精讲,1.,Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.,A.is B.are C.am D.be,2.A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.,A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered,3.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.,A.is not decided B.are not decided,C.has not decided D.have not decided,4.The number of people invited _fifty,but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.,A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were,5.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important part in daily communication.,A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play,6._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.,A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;are,C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are,“,一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致。,“,主谓一致,”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如,are,were,have,等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：,is,was,has,works,等。,在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则,:,语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。,1.,语法一致原则：主语和谓语必须在人称和数上保持一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：,Sue _ studying at a very famous university.,He _ not like listening to pop songs.,2.,意义一致原则：谓语的单复数不是由主语的单复数决定的，而是以主语的意义为准，如：,people,、,police,、,cattle,等形单意复的单词和,news,、,politics,等形复意单的单词。如：,The police _(protect)the people from being attacked.,Bad news _(travel)quickly.,3.,就近一致原则：句子有多个并列主语，如连用等连接并列主语，谓语的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。如：,Not only you but also I _ planning to go camping.,Neither you not he _ is wrong.,（一）谓语动词为单数的情况,1.,由,and,连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。,The worker and writer is from Wuhan.,比较：,The worker and the writer are from Beijing.,Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.,2.Every and(every),each and(each,no and(no),many a and(many a),连接两个单数名词作主语以及主语中有,many a/an,、,more than one,、,one and a half,时。,Every desk and every chair is made of wood.,Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,More than one problem has been solved.,Only one and a half apples is left on the plate.,3.one/every one/each/either/the number+of/in/out of+,复数名词作主语。,Each of the students has a book.,4.clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage,等无生命的集合名词作主语。,Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.,5.,以,s,结尾的词，及表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。如,news,、,maths,、,politics,、,physics,、,The United States,、,The New York Times,6.,表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时及数词为中心词构成主语时。,Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.,7.,由,any-,some-,no-,和,-one,-thing,-body,等所构成的不定代词作主语。,8.,动名词、不定式、名词性从句作主语。,Collecting stamps is what he likes.,Whatever was left was taken away.,9.,单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。,10.a great deal of,a large amount of+,不可数名词作主语,（二）谓语动词为复数的情况,1.,由,and,连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。,Both bread and butter are sold out.,2.people,police,cattle,等有生命的集体名词作主语。,The police are looking for the missing child.,3.goods,stairs,arms,等名词作主语。,4.,由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等,s,结尾的专有名词作主语。,The Olympic Games are held once every four years.,5.a number of/quantities of/a group of+,名词作主语。,6.one or two,后接复数名词时谓语动词用复数,（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定,1.,集体名词,class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,public,government,majority,group,等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。,His family is a great one.,His family are music lovers.,2.means,works,pains,等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。,The steel works is near the station.,Two new steel works are being built.,3.,“kind,sort,pair,type+,名词”,作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。,4.,“half/most/some/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/,分数、百分数,+of +,名词”,作主语,:,谓语动词要和,of,之后的名词单复数保持一致。,5.,单复数同形的名词作主语，要根据句意。如,deer/fish/sheep/cattle/aircraft/means/works/species,6.“the only one+,名词”作定语从句的先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数；,one of+,名词用复数,7.,不定代词,any/either/neither/all/some,等作主语时，有以下两种情况：,单独作主语时视其在文中的意义，动词可用单或复数形式。如,Now all has been changed.All are present at the meeting.,either,、,neither,单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数,。但后接时，若的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数，若的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式更常用。,Does any of them know the secret?,8.,名词化的形容词作主语,如果主语由“,the+,形容词（或过去分词）”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数，这类词有：,the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the oppressed,the wounded,the unemployed,等；但少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个体，则用单数。例如：,The rich are to help the poor.,The wounded was a young boy.,9.,从句作主语,单个从句作主语通常用复数；多个从句作主语时则用复数,由,what,引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容具有复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。,What we need is more time and more materials.,What we need are teachers.,10.,一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如,glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,chopsticks,scissor,等。但如果主语用“,a kind of/a pair of/a series of,等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,11.this kind of book=a book of this kind,谓语用单数，,this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men,但,this kind of men,的谓语动词用单数，,men of this kind,和,these kind of men,的谓语用复数，后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数,12.,由,or,either or,neithernor,not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语以及,there be,句型，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。,Not only he but also I am invited.,Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.,13.,“,with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/among/as well as/no more than/besides/in addition to/over/no less than/more than/rather than,+,名词”,置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。,The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.,14.,在算术运算的句式中，谓语动词既
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