阅读理解(策略二)：猜测词义题

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,猜测词义题,阅读理解（,策,策略二）：,熟悉构词法,与,与语境法，,解决阅读理,解,解词义猜测,Teaching aim:,To improvethestudentsreading ability.,Teaching difficult point:,How to improvethe students ability of,Guessingnewworld,s,meaning while,reading.,Teaching aid:,Multimedia,StepOne:,Warming-up andLeadingin.,I. Discussion,Havea free talk with studentsabout,how to guessnewworlds meaning,whilereading.,IISmall exercises and summaries.,Teaching procedures:,一. 根据,读,示例,选择,语,语义元素与,前,前面单词相,同,同的答案。,示例：important,A. abroadB. customs,C. heavyD. significant,1. divorce,A.mathsB. police,C. separateD.share,2. mess,A.churchB.many,C. networkD. untidy,3. prayer,A.carpenterB. dog,C. musicianD. religion,4. shower,A. jokeB. performance,C. pretendD.rain,5. weep,A. birdB. cry,C. clothD. grass,6. adolescent,A. smellB. smooth,C. teenagerD.unfaithful,2. 阅读,下,下列文段，,关,关注和解析,划,划线单词的,构,构词法，并,将,将段中与之,呼,呼应的单词,或,或短语抄写,下,下来。,The company failed to gain profits,and had bad operation becauseof his,mismanagement,.,All of ussuggest replacing him with,Someone else who candealwithour,company better.,（,（NMET2010,北,北京）,【解词】_,【呼应语】_,mismanagement=mis（否定,前,前缀）+manage,（,（管理）,+ment,（,（名词后缀,）,）. 意,为,为“管理不,善,善”,failed togainprofits(没能,盈,盈利),had bad operation(运转不,周,周),deal with our companybetter (更好,地,地管理公司,）,）,StepTwo,：,Exemplifying inSkills,（例证与技,能,能）,A. 构词,法,法与语境法,1）派生法,（,（Derivation）,派生法就是,借,借助前缀或,后,后缀派生出,新,新词的构词,方,方,法。后缀往,往,往起改变词,性,性的作用，,派,派生出的新,词,词主,要有名词、,形,形容词、动,词,词三种；前,缀,缀主要起改,变,变词,义的作用，,包,包括各种否,定,定前缀、时,间,间前缀等。,1.构词法,【,例,1】,通过分析派,生,生词，猜测,划,划线单词的,意思。,Napoleon，as a character in Tolstoys,War and Peace,is more than once,describedas having,“,“fatlittle hands”.,Nor does he “sit well orfirmly onthe,horse,”,”. Heis said to be,“,“,undersized,”,with,“,“short legs” and a “round,stomach”.,(NMET2008广,东,东),词义,：,_,身材矮小的,2) 合成,法,法（Compounding）,合成法是指,由,由两个或两,个,个以上单词,合,合成一,个新词。通,常,常情况下，,合,合成词的词,义,义为组成,词的词义之,和,和。,【例2】通,过,过分析合成,词,词，猜测划,线,线单词的,意思。,He never wore,ready-made,clothes.,词义： _,现成的，做,好,好的,3) 转化,法,法（Conversion）,转化法是指,单,单词的词性,的,的改变来使,单,单词具有新,的,的,意义和作用,。,。而这种单,词,词叫转化词,。,。,【例3】通,过,过分析转换,词,词，猜测划,线,线单词的意,思,思。,Greatculturalled to more open,communication and democratic,process that encourages everyone,to have a,say,. (NMET 2008广东),词义：_,发言权,1）.利用,释,释义词（句,）,）、举例或,同,同位语,表示释义或,举,举例词语的,信,信息词有,_,_等,，,，,符号则有e.g.(举,例,例)、i.e.（也就,是,是）。,【例1】通,过,过释义或举,例,例词语，猜,测,测划线单词,的意思。,In fact，only about 80,ocelots,an endangered wild cat ,existin the,u.s.today,(NMET 2005浙江),词义：_,2.语境法,for example，forinstance，suchas，,in other words，thatis tosay，namely,野猫,2）利用对,比,比、类比或,转,转这词,表示对比、,类,类比或转折,的,的常见信息,词,词有：,_,_,_等，,有时也用破,折,折号或冒号,等,等符号。,but，yet，however,，,，while，onthe otherhand，on the contrary,，,，despite，in spite of,，,，instead,The underlinedword,“,“descendants” means,a persons,_,.,A.later generations,B. friendsandrelatives,C. colleagues partners,D.later sponsors,【例2】some familynames were made by,adding something tothe father,s name.,English-speaking people added,s or,son.,The Johsons are,descendants,of John; the,Roberts familys ancestorwasRobert. Irish,and Scottish peopleaddedMacor Mcor O.,perhaps all ofthe MacDonnellsandthe,McDonnellsandthe O,Donnellsare descend-,angtsof the sanmeDonnell. (NMET 2010 江苏),3)利用因,果,果关系,表示因果关,系,系的信息词,有,有_.,【例3】When some kind of pain killer,was brought outrecently,researchers,foundthat,the colours turned the,customersoff,because they made the,product look weak and ineffective.,Eventually, itcomeon the market in a,darkblueand whitepackage-blue,because wethink ofit assafe, and,whiteas calm.,(NMET2004,广,广东),because，as,，,，since，for,，,，thus,，,，so，therefore,The underlinedpart,“,“thecolours turnedthe customers off ”meansthatthecolours ,.,A.attracted thecustomersstrongly,B.hadweakeffects on thecustomers,C.trickedthe customers into shopping,D.caused the customers tolose interest,4)利用上,下,下文,猜测词义题,在,在考查熟词,新,新义以及代,词,词指代内容,时,时往往需要,综,综合考虑上,下,下文，有时,也,也需要结合,常,常识和背景,知,知识。,The underlinedphrase“turn hisbakeon ”mostprobably means,A leave for Breturn toC give up Drelyon,【例4】when Ifirst became areporterI knew a man who gave upa very well-paid respectable job attheDailyTelegraphto go andedita small newspaper .At the time Iwas astonishedby what appeared tome tobe his completely abnormal mentalstate. Howcould anyone,turnhis back on,FleetStreet incentral Londonfora small local area?I wanted to know.,(NMET2006,广,广东),1.完成下,列,列练习，并,说,说出所用的,构,构词法。,【练习1】Studyshowed that itis an unusualkindof protein. Ithas many smallsugarmoleculesheldin special positions within each big proteinmolecule.Because of itssugar content,it is called a,glycoprotein.,(NMET2008,辽,辽宁),Whatdoes,“,“glyco-”intheunderlinedword,“,“glycoprotein”mean?,A. sugarB. ice C. blood D. molecule,B.技能训,练,练,【练习2】Recyclingin the home isveryimportantof course.However,beingforced torecycle oftenmeanswe already have more materialthanwe need.We are dealingwiththe results of,thatover-consumption,in the greenestwaypossible，but itwould befar betterif we didnotneedto bring so much materialhomein the first place.,（,（NMET2010,山,山东）,Whatdoesthe underlinedphrase “that over-consumption”refer to?,Usingtoomuchpackaging.,B. Recycling too manwastes.,C. Makingmoreproducts than necessary.,D. Havingmorematerial than is needed.,【练习3】,DearSusan,Please,forward,thismessage tostudentsof myhistory class.,Besides the life story ofRosaParks inthe textbook, the students arealsorequiredto read the passagebelowandsomerelated storiesthatcanbe borrowed from theschool library. （NMET2007重庆）,Whatdoesthe underlinedword,“,“forward”mean?,A.ExplainB.Send C.TakeD.Read.,2. 完成,下,下列练习，,并,并说出所用,的,的语境法类,别,别。,【练习4】,I hated dinnerparties. But Idecided togivethemanother,shot,becauseIminLondon.AndmyfriendMalleryinvitedme.andbecausedinnerpartiesinLondonareverydifferentfromthosebackinNewYork.There,“,“I,mhavingadinnerparty,”,”means:”Imbookingatablefor2at8intherestaurantwhichyoucan,taffordandwe,llbesharingthechequeevenly,nomatterwhatyoueat.”,Whatdoestheword,“,“shot,”,”inparagraphy1mean?,（,（NMET2011,辽,辽宁,）,）,A.ChoiceB.TryC.StyleD.Goal,【练,习,习5,】,】,Karen,grownupinaverytraditionalfamilyinthewesternUnitedStates,maintainedhighmoralstandardsthroughoutheryouth.In1984,attheageof23,shemarriedbill.they,wereblessedwith,twochildren,aboyandagirl.,（,（NMET2007湖,北,北）,Theunderlinedpartinparagraph1mostprobablymeans,“,“,_,”,wereluckyinhaving,wereaskedtoadopt,regrettedhaving,gavebirthto.,SeeYouTomorrow!,深圳,东,东方,英,英文,书,书院,