Lecture71-10

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Exercise,The deductive paragraph:,For example, Wang Lin has been tutoring a junior high school student while Li,Meng,has found a job in a department store. If Wang Lin is trying to earn some money to add to the insufficient supplies from her families, Li,Meng,does so mainly for the purpose of familiarizing himself with the society.,The inductive paragraph:,Wang Lin has been tutoring a junior high school student while Li,Meng,has found a job in a department store. If Wang Lin is trying to earn some money to add to the insufficient supplies from her families, Li,Meng,does so mainly for the purpose of familiarizing himself with the society. The above examples indicate that university students are beginning to hunt part-time job.,L,e,c,t,u,r,e,7,C,h,r,o,n,o,l,o,g,i,c,a,l,O,r,d,e,r,Brainstorming,What,s happiness in your mind?,Can money buy happiness?,Sample Appreciation,Money Wont Buy You Happiness,Sure, if a person is handed $10,the pleasure centers,of his brain,light up,as if he were given,food, sex or drugs,. But that initial rush does not translate into long-term pleasure for most people.,Surveys have found,virtually the same level of happiness between the very rich individuals on the Forbes 400 and the Maasai herdsman of East Africa. Lottery winners return to their previous level of happiness after five years. Increases in income just dont seem to make people happier-and most negative life experiences likewise have only a small impact on long-term satisfaction.,The relationship between money and happiness is pretty darned small, says,Peter Ubel, a professor of medicine at the University of Michigan,.,Thats not to say that increased income doesnt matter at all. There is a very small correlation between wealth and happiness-accounting for about 1% of the happiness reported by people answering surveys. And for some groups, that relationship may be considerably bigger. People who are poor seem to get much happier when their monetary prospects improve, as do the very sick. In these cases, Ubel speculates, people may be protected from negative circumstances by the extra cash.,Another possibility,is that the money brings an increase in status, which may have a greater impact on happiness.,Sample Appreciation,Why doesn,t wealth bring a constant sense of joy?,“,Part of the reason is that people aren,t very good at figuring out what to do with the money,”,says George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Mellon University.,People generally overestimate the amount of long-term pleasure they,ll get from a given object. Sometimes, Loewenstein notes, the way people spend their money can actually make them less happy.,For example, people derive a great deal of pleasure from interacting with others. If the first thing,lottery winners,do is quit their job and move to a palatial but isolated estate where they don,t see any neighbors, they could find themselves isolated and depressed. Other trophies,(,奖品,),simply dont bring the payoff one expects. Says Loewenstein, If youre a single male driving around in the Ferrari with nobody next to you, its a glaring omission.,Sample Appreciation,The central problem is that the human brain becomes conditioned to positive experiences. Getting,a chunk of unexpected money,registers as a good thing, but as time passes, the response wears off. An expected,paycheck,doesnt bring any buzz at all-and doesnt contribute to overall happiness. You can get used to anything, be it hanging by your toenails,or,making millions of dollars a day. Mood may be set more by heredity than by anything else: Studies of twins have shown that at least half a persons level of happiness may be determined by some of the genes that play a role in determining personality. But this raises another question. How important is happiness anyway? People with chronic illnesses describe themselves as happy, but they would still pay large sums for better health. And although healthy individuals are not much happier than quadriplegics, they would pay large sums of money to keep the use of their limbs. Some of lifes most satisfying experiences dont bring happiness.,For instance,having children actually makes people less happy over the short term-but that doesnt necessarily mean we should stop procreating.,Sample Appreciation,I think its possible to way overestimate the importance of happiness, says Loewenstein. ,Part of the meaning of life is to have highs and lows.,A life that was constantly happy was not a good life. However, there may be at least one important relationship between money and happiness,according to Ed Diener, the University of Illinois researcher who surveyed the Forbes 400 and the Maasai.,Diener has also written that happy people tend to have higher incomes later on in their lives. So, while money may not help make people happy, being happy may help them make money.,Exercise,_ is my,busiest,day.,Exercise,Sunday is my mother,s,busiest,day. Take last Sunday morning for example. She got up,at five,while my father and I were still in bed.,When we got up, she had already had breakfast ready.,As soon as,we finished eating breakfast, she went to the supermarket to buy meat and vegetables.,The moment,she returned, she turned on the washing machine.,While,the machine was still running, she had to begin to prepare our lunch. (for narration),Exercise,Usually, the week before the final examination is my busiest time in a semester.,In that week, I will get up two hours earlier than usual reading English,for an hour,and,then,reading Chinese for another hour.,After breakfast, I will solve mathematic problems for two hours.,In the afternoon, I will prepare myself for chemistry and politics.,In the evening, I will write Chinese and English compositions each,for two hours,and,then,go to bed when it is,twelve,o,clock .,Chronological Order,Chronological order presents ideas according to the time in which they occurred. This type of organization is especially,effective,if you are describing,a process, relaying a series of actions, or telling a story,. For instance, to convey the plot of a novel or the procedures of an experiment, you would tell readers what happened first, second, etc,Samples,Mr. Liu graduated from Anhui University,in 1969,. From 1970 to 1972, he lived on a state farm and did physical labor as required by what was then known as re-education of young intellectuals. In the summer of,1972, he returned to Anhui University to attend the English training class of the English class.,From 1981 to 1982, he was sent abroad as an interpreter. And,upon his returning,to the university, he was appointed deputy dean of the department.,Mr. Liu Professor, deputy dean of the English Department,1982- Teaching and working in the department as a professor,and deputy dean,1981-1982 Sent aboard as an interpreter,1974-1981 Put in charge of an English class,1972-1974 Trainee in the English training class,1970-1972 Doing physical labor on a state Farm to receive re-,education,1965-1970 An English major of the English Department of,An Hui University,.,(,in a,resume,),Exercises,Revise it.,The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Beginning on New Years Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywher, day and night. We worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy New Year. Weeks before the New Years Day, my mother would let me help her send out New Years cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets, I bought firecrackers, like all the other kids.On New Years Day, I watched huge parades go by in the middle of the streets. People wearing costumes danced past us, some of them were playing instruments, some were having lion dances, and dragon dances.,Exercises,Revise it.,The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Years Day, my mother would let me help her send out New Years cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets, I bought firecrackers, like all the other kids.,Then,beginning on New Years Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywher, day and night. On New Years Day, I watched huge parades go by in the middle of the streets. People wearing costumes danced past us, some of them were playing instruments, some were having lion dances, and dragon dances.,Afterwards,we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy New Year.,Exercises,Topic: From falling in love to marriage,How did their mutual love develop into marriage?,How did their mutual love develop into marriage? It is a long story to tell. After dating, the man believed that the girl was just right for him. But the girl was convinced that the man was not tall enough though he might be competent. Then the girl was reluctant to meet the man again until one day she learned that he was writing a book about how to prepare the college English composition. The girl would like to get some idea from him. As she read the draft, she was carried away and began to love the man. But soon she was informed that the man was extremely poor and had farmer parents to attend to. The composition book was published and she went to him to ask for a copy. Accidentally, she found on his desk another draft about English literature. Then she told the man that she would like to marry him.,