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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Grammar:,Review of verb forms,Learning Goals:,1.Review what we have known about the tense structure.,2.Consolidate the usage by doing exercise.,Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.,All languages _ over a period of time.,English _ very rapidly.,How many people _ Chinese?,I _ American English is very different from British English.,change develop speak think watch grow study,change,is developing,speak,dont think,5.Millions of people _ satellite TV,every day.,6.The percentage of non-English web,pages _.,7.What languages _ people _ in,China?,8.What _ you _ this year?,watch,is growing,do,study,are,studying,change develop speak think watch grow study,一、简介：时态的种类：,现在时,过去时,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,现在完成进行时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成进行时,将来时,过去将来时,一般将来时,将来进行时,将来完成时,将来完成进行时,一般过去将来时,过去将来进行时,过去将来完成时,过去将来完成进行时,一、一般现在时,1.,表示习惯性的动作，常与,always,never,every day,often,sometimes,等连用,。,e.g.The postman,always,_(call)at,7:30.,calls,2.,表示,主语的特征、性格或能力,。,e.g.Ellen is an honest girl,and you can,trust her.,Jack_(write)good English,butdoes not speakwell.,writes,3.,表示,不受时间限制的客观存在，如客观真理、格言、科学事实等,。,e.g.Factsspeaklouder than words.,Food easily _(go)bad in hot,weather.,goes,4.,在,时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时,。,e.g.Where will you stay when yougetto,San Francisco?,Ill pay you double if youfinishthe,work by Friday.,5.,表示,按规定、计划、安排发生的动作，常用动词有,go,come,arrive,leave,start,等,。,e.g.The flight for Shanghai,_(leave)at 8:30 tomorrow,morning.,leaves,二、现在进行时,（构成形式为：,am/is/are+,动词,-ing,形式）,1.,表示,说话时正在进行的动作或发生的事,。,e.g.The children_(make)a,snowman in the yard now.,are making,2.,表示现阶段正在发生的事，此刻不一定在进行。常用的,时间状语有,these days,this week,at present,等。,e.g.We_for the coming,exam these days.,我们这些天正在为即将到来的考试,做准备。,are preparing,3.,表示,一个按计划即将发生的动作,，所用动词多是转移动词，如,arrive,come,go,leave,return,等,。,e.g.The headmaster_,Beijing this weekend.,校长这星期要离开去北京了。,is leavingfor,4.,表示,经常性的动作,，常与,always,forever,等连用，表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。,e.g.David is alwayshelpingothers.,Why are you forever,askingquestions?,三、一般将来时,其构成形式之一为：,shall,（第一人称）,/will,（所有人称）,+,动词原形,，表示将要发生的事，但这种将来意义常带有说话人的主观态度和看法。,e.g.You_(feel)better after,taking this medicine.,This time next week Ishall/will,bein Scotland.,will feel,另一种构成形式为：,be(am/is/are)going to+,动词原形,1.,表示,“意图”，即打算将来做某事,。,e.g.,Are,you,going,to postthat letter by,airmail?,2.,表示,“预见”，即现在已有的迹象表明将要发生某种情况,。,e.g.Look!Here come the dark clouds.,_.,就要下雨了。,Itis going to rain,四、现在完成时,（构成形式为：,have/,has+,动词,-ed,形式）,1.,表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，常与,already,yet,never,recently,ever,等连用,。,e.g.They_(spend)nearly a,billion dollars on it already.,have spent,2.,表示过去已经开始，持续到现在（可能还会继续下去）的动作或状态，,常与,since,“for+,一段时间”,so far,in recent years,等连用,。,e.g.I_Joanna,since,she,was in the kindergarten.,从乔安娜上幼儿园起我就认识她,了。,have known,3.,在,时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作,。,e.g.Frank will return me the book if,he,has finished,reading it.,用括号内所给动词的正确形式完成对话。,Eve:I _(smell)something burning!,Carl:So _(do)I.ProbablyAnn _(iron)upstairs.She usually _(iron)while watching TV,and if she _(get)very interested in a program she will forget that she _(press)a hot iron on to her clothes.,smell,do,is ironing,irons,gets,is pressing,Eve:Thats too dangerous._ she ever _(burn)herself?,Carl:Yes.Last month she burnt her fingers.,Eve:Thats too bad.I _(go)to ask her to switch the TV off now.,Has,burnt,will go,Translate the following sentences.,1.,我们见面时我会和你讨论此事。,2.,对不起,你不能把这本字典拿走。我,正在用它。,Ill discuss this matter with you when we meet.,Sorry,you cant take the dictionary away.Im using it.,3.,当我完成这本书的时候我会给你写信。,Ill write to you when I have finished the book.,Complete the sentences with,since,and,for,.,1.English grammar has not changed much _ the time of Shakespeare.,2.The American spelling system has existed _ about 200 years.,3.I have been studying English _ I was in primary school.,since,since,for,4.We have an American teacher.He has been here _ January.,5.CNN has been on the air _ more than 20 years.,6.Monita Raipal has worked for CNN _ the year 2000.,since,for,since,一,.,现在完成时既可以与,since,引导的时,间状语从句连用，又可以与,since,构,成的短语连用。,1.since,作连词，后跟句子，它所表示的时间是,“,从某一点开始,”,。,若从句谓语为终止性动词，主句的时间则从这一,“,时刻,”,算起。,since,和,for,e.g.He has lived here,since,he lefts,Shanghai.,自从离开上海他一直住在这里。,若从句为延续性或状态性动词，则从其,动作结束,“,那点,”,算起。,e.g.It is six years,since,he was a teacher.,I havent heard from her,since,she,lived there.,2.since,作介词，后跟表示时间的名词，,必须是表示“时间的一点”，不能表示时间的一段。,e.g.He has taught at this school,since,1965.,他从,1965,年就在这所学校任教了。,二,.,现在完成时与介词,for,构成的短语连用。,1.,介词,for,构成的短语，表示时间的长度，,后跟一段时间，不能跟时间的一点。,e.g.We have studied English,for,two years.,我们学英语已经两年了。,They have known each other,for,five,years.,他们认识已经有五年了。,2.,终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的介词,for,连用，但它的否定式可与介词,for,连用。,e.g.I have not received his letter,for,two,months.,He has had the dictionary,for,two,weeks.,(,buy,用,have,代替,),My father has been in the Party,for,ten years.,(,join,用,be in,),选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。,1.When you are home,give me a call to let me know you _(have arrived/arrive)safely.,2.Do you think Mom and Dad _(will be/have been)late?,No,Swiss Air is usually on time.,have arrived,will be,3.Around two oclock
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