教育精品：17壶口瀑布（杨梅）

,弶,2018/2/12 Monday,#,17,壶口瀑布,部编教材,八年级语文下册,你知多少？,日照香炉生紫烟，遥看瀑布挂前川。,李白,望庐山瀑布,溪涧岂能留得住，终归大海作波涛。,李忱,香严闲禅师,庐山东南五老峰，青天削出金芙蓉。,李白,望庐山五老峰,瀑布半天上，飞响落人间。,李梦阳,开先寺,穿天透地不辞劳，到底方知出处高。,冯云山,咏瀑布,拔地万里青嶂立，悬空千丈素流分。,王安石,日照绝句,千岩泉洒落，万壑树萦回。,李白,送友人寻越中山水,寒入山谷吼千雷，派出银河轰万古。,白玉蟾,三叠泉,关于描写瀑布的诗句,壶口瀑布,梁衡,第一课时,学习目标,1,、能积累文中好词好句。,2,、通过朗读，品味词句，体会,壶口瀑布的特点。,走近作者,：梁 衡（,1946,）山西霍县人。,1968,年毕业于中国人民大学。,长期在基层当记者，,主要从事,散文创作,、,散文理论研究,。作品曾获青年文学奖、赵树理文学奖、全国优秀科普作品奖。有散文三篇,晋祠,觅渡，觅渡，渡何处？,和,夏,入选中学教材。,知识链接,壶口的传说 ：,相传远古时期，黄河就是一条卧伏在中原大地的黄龙。它生性暴虐，荼毒生灵。大禹为制服黄龙，在晋陕峡谷之处的龙门发现了降伏这条恶龙的好去处。龙门断崖绝壁，将暴龙引入此门，犹如瓮中 捉鳖，降伏暴龙将易如反掌。不料峡谷的进口处有一巨石挡道，不能顺利将黄龙引入龙门。大禹当机立断，用神斧砍开巨石，只见天崩地裂的巨响后，巨石一分为二，出现了一条大裂缝，这就是现在的“壶口”。,1,、自读课文，扫清字词障碍。,（,1,）给下列加点的字注音。,推推,搡搡,（,） 寒,噤,（,）,驰骋,（,）,漩,涡 （,）,怒不可,遏,（,） 雾,霭,（ ）,出,轧,（,）,汩汩,如泉（ ）,挟,而不服（ ）,sngsng,jn,chchng,xun,i,g,g g,xi,自主学习,（,2,）解释文中的重点词语。,寒噤：,噤若寒蝉：,弥漫：,因受冷或受惊而身体颤动。,原指像深秋的蝉那样不鸣叫，,形容不敢做声。中含贬意。,布满；到处充斥着。,2,、再读课文，说说文中,“,壶口,”,名字的由来？,分析壶口瀑布形成的原因是什么？（用原文回答）,明确：,河心有一条河，是突然凹下去的一条深沟， 这深槽顶着宽宽的河面， 形成一个“丁字”，形似巨壶，“壶口”由此得名。河水从五百米宽的河道上陡然跌落至四十多米宽的深槽中，被拢成一束，便形成了壶口瀑布。,3,、朗读课文，感受壶口瀑布的特点。,导航,：,小组交流讨论，把你勾画的语句读给其他同学听一听，然后讨论这些语句体现了壶口瀑布的什么特点？,明确：,(1),雨季壶口瀑布特点：惊心动魄、气势磅礴。,从下面句子可以看出来：,车还在半山腰就听见涛声隐隐如雷，河谷里雾气,弥漫,那沟已被灌得浪沫横溢，但上面的水还是一股劲,地冲进去，冲进去,(2),枯水季瀑布的特点：气势磅礴、雄伟壮大、,坚韧不拔、刚中带柔的特点。,从下面句子可以看出来：,河水从五百米宽的河道上排排涌来，其势如千军,万马，互相挤着,1,、对学，群学，小组质疑解难。,2,、作者曾两次到壶口瀑布，初识瀑布，作者听见什么？,看到什么？有什么感受？,导航,：从听觉和视觉角度分析,合作探究,听到：,涛声 隐隐如雷（震耳欲聋）。,感受：,什么也看不见，什么也听不见；可怕、,惊慌最危险。,看到：,雾气 弥漫（扑面而来）；河水 正沸,着；被急急吸去的水流；水不断地冲,进去，冲进去,3,、,再见壶口：雨季的壶口瀑布这样令人胆战心惊，,那么枯水季的壶口又以怎样的面貌展现在作者面前呢？,景象：,河水浑厚庄重如一卷飞毯从空中抖落；简直如一卷钢板出轧，的确有那种凝重，那种猛烈。,感受：,黄河有令人震撼的刚强的一面，也有如歌如画的柔美的一面,刚柔相济。,4,、面对这样的瀑布，你有怎样的感受？作者的感受又是怎样的？,作者感受到了黄河的博大宽厚，激发了作者积极向上，勇往直前，歌颂了人历尽艰难、宁压不弯、勇往直前的精神。,拓展提升,请同学们完成导学案后文本拓展,和当堂检测,壶口瀑布,梁衡,第二课时,学习目标,1,、体味全文诗意的极具感染力的语言，,体会作者在文字中流淌出的思想感情。,2,、能感受黄河的气势，祖国山河的壮丽，,以及黄河厚重的文化和民族精神的象征意,义对中华儿女的激励作用。,知识链接,借景抒情,：,是指在写景抒情的诗词中，诗人对,某种景象有所感触时，把自身要抒发的感情、,表达的思想，通过描写这些景物的形态、色彩、,气味等含蓄曲折地表现出来。写景是为了抒情,言志。常见的写法是：一将赞美之情巧妙的融,合在具体的描写中；二是在写景时加以联想。,自主学习,1,、作者在开篇处提到“两次到过那里”，文章重点描写哪一次？为什么这么处理？,明确：,突出壶口瀑,布之“险”；,行文曲折有致。,2,、为什么作者将水的各种形态与人的各种,感情联系起来？,明确：,作者将水的各种形态特点与人的各种感情,的特点巧妙地结合在一起。,:,如,海、河、瀑激越奔涌，与喜、怒、愁枯似；水流经,不同的地方有不同的形态，人碰到不同的境遇也会,有不同的情感相似。作者将思辩融入到山水中，,利用两者相同相似,通,过描写黄河，赞美了中华民族刚柔并济、百折不挠,的伟大精神。,合作探究,一、文本理解,(,对学，群学，小组质疑解难,),1,、通观全文，作者只是向我们介绍壶口瀑布这一风景名胜吗？他在写景中蕴含了怎样的思想感情？,提示：,诵读第六段，找出关键语句。,关键语句：,黄河博大宽厚，柔中有刚；,挟而不服，压而不弯；不平则呼，遇强,则抗；死地必生，勇往直前。,写作意图：,作者写的不仅仅是黄河之水，更是,在表达一种人生的姿态，一种意境，一种哲理，,一种百折不挠，自强不息的民族精神,借景抒情,二、综合探究,2,、品味下列句子，分析文辞优美的原因：,（,1,）河水从五百米宽的河道上排排涌来，其势如千军万马， 向石壁，排排黄浪霎时碎成堆堆白雪。,互相挤着，撞着，推推搡搡，前呼后拥撞,【,导航,】:,抓住事物特征，从修辞角度，写作手法分析。,拟人,以静衬动，衬,托壶口瀑布奔,腾激越、令人,震撼的气势。,（,2,）于是洪流便向两边涌去，沿着龙漕的边沿轰然,而下，平平的，大大的，浑厚庄重,。不，简直 。,如一卷飞毯从空,抖落,如一卷钢板出轧,比喻,形象生动地写出了黄河刚柔相济的特点。,3,、从壶口瀑布中，你得到了怎样的启示？对你今后的人生有何启迪？,拓展提升,请同学们完成导学案上的对比阅读,和当堂检测。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,结构梳理,介绍壶口的地理位置，游览的次数,无坚不摧,勇往直前,百折不挠,两次看的瀑布,雨季壶口瀑布粗野、雄壮的景象,赞美黄河的性格，歌颂民族精神,壶口瀑布,枯水季节壶口瀑布的浩荡声势,河水在龙槽壶口的特点,至柔至和、凝重猛烈,课文总结,作者运用拟人、排比的修辞手法，再次描写了惊心动魄的场面，雄浑磅礴的气势，表现出黄河之水博大宽厚，柔中有刚的性格特点及前赴后继，勇往直前的精神。同时有黄河的性格想到中华民族虽历经艰难，但宁折不弯，坚忍刚强，勇往直前的精神。通过议论和抒情，抒发了中华民族伟大精神的赞美之情。壶口瀑布的美，第一个层次是描写的美。第二个层次是意境的美。 第三个层次是哲理的美。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,拓展迁移,中国三大瀑布,黄果树瀑布,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,壶口瀑布,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,吊水楼瀑布,课后作业,1.,完成课后练习；,2.,拓展阅读有关瀑布的诗歌。,