资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,现在完成时,用法,1,.,*,表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。,如：,I have been to Beijing.,用法,2,.,*,现在完成时还可表示过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,常与,for,since,短语连用，句中动词为延续性动词；,如：,She has lived here for 15 years.,结构：,现在完成时动词结构为：,have/,has+p.p,.,(,过去分词,),，其中,have,has,随主语的人称和数而变 化，,done,的规则变化与动词的过去式同形，即在原形后加,-ed,，不规则的过去分词必须熟记。,since,与,for,的用法：,for,后加,段,时间，,since,后加,点,时间或,一般过去时,的句子,现在完成时的,标志词,常有,:,already,yet,ever,never,just,before,so far,since,for,等,He has taught,maths,since,he came here.,She has stayed here,since,3 hours ago.,They have been there,for,six months.,区别,:,have/has been to,“,去过某地”，已回来；,have/has gone to,“,已去某地”,已离开，没回来,*,He has gone to Shanghai.,（,He is there or is on his way there.,）,*,He has been to Shanghai.,（,He was there once,but he is not there now.,）,短暂性动词,:,(close,open,arrive,stop,die,leave,buy,join,become,fall,come,begin,come,go,等,),通常不能和表示一段的时间状语连用，应用意义与其相近的延续性动词、,be,形容词,/,副词等来代替。,die-be dead,leave-be away,buy-have/keep,come/go-be in,begin-be on,borrow-keep/have,join-be in (be a member of),open-be open,close-be closed,marry-be married (be a couple of),熟记,come back-be back,fall ill-be ill,catch a cold-have a cold,get to know-know,*He has died for 3 years.*He has been dead for 3 years.*He died 3 years ago.,*How long have you borrowed it?*How long have you kept it?,请判断对错,注意,how long,是一个不确定的一段时间，其谓语动词不能为短暂性动词。但短暂性动词的否定式表示一个状态，它可以和表一段的时间状语连用,.,如,I havent seen you for 2 years.,现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，它不能直接和表示过去某一时间的时间状语连用。而一般过去时强调的是过去的情况，不强调过去的动作与现在的关系。如：,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,*,I have lost my pen.,（强调我现在没有笔）*,I lost my pen.,（过去笔掉了，没说明现在是否有笔）,现在完成时不可和表过去的时间状语连用（,before,just,等除外），但一般过去时可和表过去的时间状语，如,yesterday,last week,three days ago,just now,等连用。,Lets do some exercises.,1.His brother_ from home for a long time.A.has left B.has been away,C.left,D.will leave,2.I want to know how long _.A.has he been back B.has he come back C.he has been back D.he has come back,3.Do you know how much hot water _?A.Mum is needed,B.does Mum need C.Mum needs,D.did Mum need,B,C,C,4.When they got to the cinema,the film _for the ten minutes.A.had been on B.has begun C.began D.had begun,A,5.My,mother_the,windows already,so the room looks much brighter.,A.has,cleaned B.had cleaned,C.is,cleaning,D.will,clean,A,6.-Where is Lin Tao?,-,He_Beijing,on business.A.has gone to B.has been to C.has went to,A,1.My brother isnt at home right now.He,_,(go)to Beijing.He,_,(be)there many times.He,_,(not be)back until next week.,Fill in the blanks.,has gone,has been,wont be,2.I wont return the book to the library because I _(not finish)reading it.3.As soon as he saw me,he_ to speak to me.(stop),havent finished,stopped,4.I hope he_(come)back in a week.,will come,5.It _(rain)hard when I got to the factory this morning.,was raining,6.The old man told the children _(not,walk)in,the rice fields.7.He told me he _(help)me with my,maths,the next evening.,8.She said,they_(know,)each other for quite some time.9.If it _(not rain)tomorrow,we_(visit)the Peoples Museum.,not to walk,would help,had known,doesnt rain,will visit,10.I _(not want)to see the film.I _(see)it with my parents.We _(see)it last week.11._ you _(get)something to eat?Yes,I have.,12.They _ just _(find)their son.13.My mother _ (not work)at her desk when I came in.She _(read)a news paper in her desk.,saw,dont want,have seen,Have,got,have,found,wasnt working,was reading,13.Jim _ just _(come)back from England.He _(get)home five minutes ago.14.The librarian _(ask)him _(pay)for the lost book.,has,got,come,asked,to pay,
展开阅读全文