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,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片本文樣式,第二階層,第三階層,第四階層,第五階層,*,*,環球技術學院,(,課程,:,國際運籌管理學程,),專 題 演 講,題 目:經貿實務,(3),國際貿易的基本報價條件,(Basic Terms of the Quotation),主講人:黃瑪莉副總經理/承銳企業有限公司,日 期:200,5,年,10,月,25,日,(,二,)9:30-12:30,地 點,:,雲林縣斗六市湖山里岩山路,88,號,1,演講內容:,一,.,國際貿易的基本報價條件,(Quotation),二,.2000,年版國貿條規,(INCOTERMS 2000),三,.,品質條件,(Terms of Quality),四,.,數量單位,(Units of Quantity),五,.,包裝種類,(Packing Methods),六,.,出貨嘜頭,(Shipping Mark),七.案例探討,(Cases Study),八,.,2,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),報價單,(Quotation/Offer Sheet),或價目表,(Price List),的基本內容如下,:,1.,編號,(Model No./Style No./Part No./Item No.),2.,品名規格,(Specification/Description),3.,單價,(Unit Price):,報價時,一定要註明清楚下列六點,(1),幣別,(Currency):US$,DM,HK$,GBP,EUP,(2),單價,(Unit Price):,US$10/pc CIF New York by Sea,(3),單位,(Unit):pc,set,pair,dozen,kg.,(4),價錢條件,(Price Term):,常用的對外報價有,FOB,CFR,CIF,C&I,但工廠報價多為,Ex-Work,FOR,FOT,FAS,3,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),3.,單價,(Unit Price),(4),價錢條件,(Price Term):,Ex-Work=Ex-Factory(,離廠價,),FOR=Free on Railroad(,火車上交貨價,=,離廠價,),FOT=Free on Truck(,卡車上交貨價,=,離廠價,),FAS=Free Alongside Ship(,船邊交貨價,),FOB=Free on Board(,船上交貨價,=,離港價,),CFR=Cost and Freight(,含運費在內價,),CIF=Cost,Insurance and Freight(,含運費保險在內價,),C&I=Cost and Insurance(,含保險在內價,),Note:,離廠價,(Ex-Work)+,內陸運費,(Inland Freight)+,報關費,(Broker Charge)+,海關通關費,(Customs Charge)+,銀行費用,(Banking Charge)=FOB(,離港價,),4,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),4.,交期,(Lead Time/Shipping Date/Shipment/Delivery,time):,報價時大都寫天數,等正式訂購才註明出貨日期,例如,:,Delivery Time:Within 30 days after,receiving L/C,.,5.,最低訂購量,(Minimum Order Quantity):,報價時要註明,數量,例如,:Min.Order Quantity:5,000pcs.,6.,有效期,(Validity):,註明天數或下單時再讓我們做最後,的確認,例如,:Validity:30days or subject to our,final confirmation when ordering.,7.,包裝方式,(Packing Method):,如知道包裝明細就詳細列,出,如不清楚就寫標準外銷包裝,例如,:Packing:Standard Export Packing.,5,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),8.,付款條件,(Payment Terms):,常用的有下列九種,(1),不可撤銷保兌及可轉讓即期信用狀,By irrevocable,confirmed and transferable,Letter of Credit at sight.,(2),遠期信用狀,(,Usance,L/C),By irrevocable Letter of Credit at,30 days,sight in our favor.,Note:,開,L/C,的方法有三種,:,a.,全電信用狀,(Full Cable L/C)=,正本,b.,短電信用狀,(Short Cable L/C)=,通知,+,正本郵寄,c.,郵寄信用狀,(Mailed L/C)=,正本,6,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),8.,付款條件,(Payment Terms):,(3),付款交單,Documents against Payment(=D/P),先出貨,然後將出貨文件直接,寄給客戶,/,或透過銀行託收,客戶於收到文件後馬上付款,此為託收,(Bill for,collection),的一種,多用於大客戶或老客戶,(4),承兌交單,Documents against Acceptance(=D/A),此為託收,(Bill for collection),的另一種,也多用於大客,戶或老客戶,D/A,付款要註明天數,:30days,60days,90days,例如,:,Payment:by D/A 30,天,(=,出貨後,30,天付款,從提單,B/L,上的出貨日算起）,Note:,報價時要將利息費用加入成本,(,如以銀行年利率,10%,計算,每,30,天利息,約占成本,1%),7,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),8.,付款條件,(Payment Terms):,出口商,(,賣方,),進口商,(,買方,),託收銀行,代收銀行,2.,出貨,1.,買賣契約,3.B/L,4,託收,5.,託收單據,6,提示付款,7,付款,8,交付單據,9.,提示,B/L,10.,提貨,11.,貨項通知,12,付款,D/P,付款交單流程,D/P,付款交單流程,8,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),D/P,承兌交單 付款流程,出口商,(,賣方,),進口商,(,買方,),託收銀行,代收銀行,1.,買賣契約,2.,出貨,3.B/L,4,託收,5.,託收單據,6,提示承兌,7,承兌,8,交付單據,9.B/L,10.,提貨,11,到,期,付,款,12.,貨項通知,13,付,款,9,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),8.,付款條件,(Payment Terms):,(5),計帳,/,月結,Open Account(=O/A),：,此付款方式多用,於長期採購或每月固定有多批出貨的客戶,(6),分期付款,Installment:,此付款方式多用於機器設備,模具工程案或土地房屋的買賣上,例如,:,Payment:30%down payment(,定金三成,),40%after shipment(,出貨後付四成,),20%after installation(,安裝後付兩成,),10%after test OK(,測試通過後付清尾款,),(7),寄售,On Consignment:,賣掉才付款,(8),交貨同時收現金,Cash on Delivery(=COD),：,國內交易用,(9),下訂單同時即付現金,Cash with Order(=CWO):,缺貨時用,10,一,.,國際貿易,的基本報價條件,(Quotation),9.,付款方法,(Payment Methods):,除信用狀外,其他付款,條件例如,:D/A,D/P,O/A,CWO,COD,或,On Consignment,的付款方法,可採用下列其中一種,:,(1),電匯,Telegram Transfer/Cable Transfer(T/T),(2),信匯,Mailed Transfer(M/T),(3),銀行本票,Bank Check,(4),銀行匯票,Bank Draft,(5),郵政匯票,Money Order,Note:,T/T,是付款方法不是付款條件,所以不可以打,Payment:by T/T,(,如此常會造成付款糾紛,),正確打法,:,Payment by T/T before shipment.,或,Payment by T/T within 30 days after shipment.,11,12,13,二,.2000,年版國貿條規,(INCOTERMS 2000),.,國際商會,(International Chamber of Commerce,簡稱,ICC),是,1919,年在巴黎成立的國際性工商機構,目的在促進國際間,經濟貿易關係,為謀求解決有關問題,陸續制定了一些規則,.International Commercial Terms,簡稱,INCOTERMS:,是於,1936,年制定的有關國際貿易條件的國際性解釋規則,又稱,國貿條規,為適應國際情勢的變遷,時代的進步,INCOTERMS,先後於,1953,年、,1967,年,、,1976,年,、,1980,年,、,1990,年及,2000,年補充修訂,.,為配合電子資訊交流,(Electronic Data Interchange=EDI),的增加,電傳單據的方便,及運輸技術的改變,尤其是貨櫃運輸,的單一化,複合式運輸,(Multimodal Transport),及利用鐵公路,配合海上運輸,最新的,INCOTERMS 2000,的貿易條件共分為,4,類,13,種,14,二,.2000,年版國貿條規,(INCOTERMS 2000),E-Terms EXW(EX-works),工廠交貨條件,2.F-Terms FCA(Free Carrier),貨交買方指定運送人條件,FAS(Free Alongside Ship),輸出港船邊交貨條件,FOB(Free on Board),輸出港船上交貨條件,3.C-Terms CFR(Cost&Freight),運費在內條件,CIF(Cost,Insurance&Freight),運保費在內,CPT(Carriage Paid To),運費付訖條件,CIP(Carriage&Insurance Paid To),運保費付訖,4.D-Terms DAF(Delivered at Frontier),邊境交貨條件,DES(Delivered Ex Ship),目的地港船上交貨條件,DEQ(Delivered Ex Quay),目的地港碼頭交貨條件,DDU(Delivered Duty Unpaid),輸入國稅前交貨,DDP(Delivered Duty Paid),輸入國稅訖交貨條件,15,三,.,品質條件,(Terms of Quality),1.,品質的認定,(1),以貨樣為依據,:,The quality is to be same as the approval sample.,(2),以等級,(Grade),為依據,:,例如,石頭、農產品,、,化學原料等,(3),以產品規格,(Specification),或設計圖,(Drawing),為依據,:,例如,機器設備,、,冰箱,、,電視,、,電腦等,(4),以國際公認的標準,(Standard),為依據,常見的標準規格如下,:,16,三,.,品質條件,(Terms of Quality),(4),以國際公認的標準,(Standard),為依據,常見的標準規格如下,:,1.JIS,日本工業標準,2.JEC,日本電
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