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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/23,#,第一轮复习,模块五,（介词）,考试要求,轻松学语法,快乐记词汇,介词大讲堂,做题我最棒,高考直通车,词汇,A,计划,词汇,B,计划,词汇,C,计划,考试要求,1,熟悉介词的类别。,2,掌握各类介词的用法。,3.,学会区分常用的同义介词。,第一部分 轻松学语法,介词大讲堂,做题我最棒,高考直通车,介词不能独立在句中做成分，介词后必须与,名词,、,代词,或,动名词,构成,介词短语,在句中充当一个成分，,表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系,。,一、,介词的句法功能,介词大讲堂,简单介词：,in,合成介词：,inside,短语介词：,according to,二、,介词,分类,介词大讲堂,1.at,in,on,表时间,年、月、周、季节及泛指的早、下午、晚用,_,；黎明、中午、夜和点钟用,_;,具体的某一天、某一天的上午、下午、晚上或在,morning,、,evening,前有,cold,、,warm,等形容词修饰时用,_,。,1)_ the morning _ Sunday morning _ a windy afternoon,2)_half past eleven _ noon _ midnight,3)_ 1856 _ spring _ April,1985,4)_ November 30,th,2008 _my birthday _ Teachers Day,in,at,on,in,on,on,in,in,in,at,at,at,on,on,on,三、表时间的,介词,介词大讲堂,2.in,after,表,之后,in,：以现在为起点，将来一段时间，一般用于,_,。,after:,以过去为起点的一段时间，一般用于,_,。,1,）,Ill come round _a day or two.,2,）,Mr.Smith left for London _breakfast.,in,after,三、表时间的,介词,介词大讲堂,将来时,过去时,3.ago,before,表示在,之前,ago,只能用于,_,，,放在表示,“,时间段,”,的词语之后，表示从现在算起的一段时间之前；,before,可用于,_,，一般用在,_,或,_,前。,1,）,His father died five years _.,2,）,He got to the office _5 oclock.,3,）,I bought this book 2 weeks _.,4,）,She arrived here several days _ Christmas.,5,）,He said he had seen the film two days _.,ago,before,before,ago,ago,三、表时间的,介词,介词大讲堂,过去时,各种时态,名词,从句,4.from/since,从,起,from,后接,_,，,since,后可加,_,，常与,_,连用。,1,）,Uncle Li has worked in this factory _ 1970.,2,）,They work _ Monday to Sunday.,3,）,He has taught at this school_ 1965.,since,since,from,三、表时间的,介词,介词大讲堂,时间点,时间点或从句,完成时,5.since,、,for,表示时间的用法区别：,“,since+(,具体时刻,/that-,从句,)”,表示“自从,起一直到现在”,“for+(,一段期间,)”,表示“持续,之久”,都常用于,_,；,1,）,Uncle Li has worked in this factory_1970.,2,）,Uncle Li has worked in this factory _ over 30 years.,since,for,三、表时间的,介词,介词大讲堂,完成时态,1.at,、,in,、,on,表地点：,_,表示的是点，接小地方,;,_,表示的位置,是具体范围，,接大地方,;,_,表示的位置是面，在,之上。,1,）,My room is _ the third floor.,2,）,My father will pick me up _the school gate.,3)The headmaster arrived _ Beijing at 7 oclock in the morning,4)I arrived _ the bookstore at eight.,5)There are some books _ the desk.,at,in,on,on,at,in,at,on,四、表地点的,介词,介词大讲堂,2.in,to,on,用在方位名词前,_,表示不接壤，,_,表接壤，,_,包括在范围内。,1,）,Beijing is _the north of China.,2,）,Korea-North lies _the northeast of China.,3,）,Japan is _the northeast of China.,to,on,in,in,on,to,四、表地点的,介词,介词大讲堂,3.above,over,below,under,，,on,above:,在,上面（斜上方）,below:,在,下面（斜下方）,over:,在,上面（正上方）,under:,在,下面（正下方,),on,：在,上（表面接触）,1)There is a light _the desk,桌子上有盏台灯。,2)There is a light _the desk,桌子上方有一盏灯。,3)She sat very still_ the tree.,她在树底下静静地坐着。,on,above,under,Pay attention!,on the tree,表示树上本身所生长着的叶子、花、果实等；,in the tree,后者表示某物或某人在树上。,on the wall,图画、黑板、风筝等,“,在墙上,”,，是因为它们在墙的表面上，故用,on the wall,；,in the wall,门窗、钉子、洞、孔等,在墙上,，是因为它们在墙的里面，故用,in the wall,。,四、表地点的,介词,介词大讲堂,4.through,across,over,along,past,through,表,_ across,表,_,over,表,_ along,表,_,past,表,_,1,）,You must be careful when you go _the road.,2,）,I saw somebody climb_ the fence.(,篱笆）,3,）,She often walks _the river when she has time.,4,）,A road runs_ many buildings.,5,）,We drove_ the house.,我们开车经过那座房子。,从某一空间内通过，穿过,横过某一平面,跨越，超过某一高度,表示沿着（街道、河流等。）,从某事物的一旁经过,across,over,along,through,past,四、表地点的,介词,介词大讲堂,1.in,with,by,表示使用（手段和材料）,in,表示,_.,1)I really cant express my idea _ English freely indeed,2)I spoke to him_ a low voice.,3)Dont write exercises _ a pencil,but _ink.,4)The girl _ blue is my sister,Lily.,使用语言、材料、方式和颜色等,in,in,with,in,in,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,1.in,with,by,表示使用（手段和材料）,with,表示,_.,5)Can you open the tin _ a knife?,6)The teacher is correcting the paper _a new pen.,by,表示,_.,7)We go to school _ bike every day.,8)We can get a new color by _(mix)two colors together.,9)It was written _ Lao She.,工具,(,包括具体的和抽象的）,with,with,通过交通工具常接动词的,ing,形式,by,mixing,by,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,2.at,和,to,都可以表示方向,用,at,表示方向时，侧重于,_,，往往表示恶意；,用,to,表示方向时，突出,_,或,_,，侧重表示善意。,试比较下列各句：,1)He shouted at the old man._,2)He shouted to the old man._,他大声喝斥那老人。,他大声向那老人说。,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,攻击的目标,运动的位置 动作的对象,3.about,与,on,表示“有关,”,。,about,的意义比较广,为一般用词；而,on,主要表示“有关,(,专题,/,课程,)”,，为较正式的“论述”。如：,He came to tell me about something important./He wrote a book on science.,1)Tom is going to give a talk_ the history of America.,2)They are very excited talking_ the coming field trip.,on,about,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,4.besides,except,except for,but,区别和用法,except,指同一类事物的总体中,_,一部分。,except,（,but,）常与否定词,_,_,_,_,等词连用。,except,后排除的内容与主语往往是,同一类,的，,except that,后面跟从句,语意“除了”，而,except for,后所排除的内容与主语往往,不是一类,的。如：,All the buildings are excellent except this one.,All the buildings are excellent except for their location,All the buildings are excellent except that the place buidings are built is not good.,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,去除,no none nothing nobody,4.besides,except,except for,but,区别和用法,but,：,常与,except,互换，强调“不在其中”。例如：,All the students attended the meeting _Tom.,所有学生都参加了会议除了汤姆（汤姆没参加）。,besides,：,强调“除此之外，还包括”,She can speak French and English besides Chinese.,她除了会讲汉语，还会讲法语和英语。,五、其他,介词,介词大讲堂,except,1.His father will be back from London_ a few days.,A.since B.in C.on D.after,2.My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street.His room is the sixth floor.,A.at,；,on B.to,；,at C.on,；,in D.of,；,to,3.,Do you go there_ bus?,
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