词形转换解题技巧

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,词形转换题解题技巧归纳如下：,1,根据题干的语法结构，尤其是所填词前后的语法结构，判断出空白处填写词的词性；,2,确定词性后，根据所常用的前后缀将所给词转换成适当的形式；,3,从语法和逻辑意义上检查句子是否完整通顺，注意名词的单复数形式，最后确定正确的答案。,1.3,副词,副词分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词和关系副词。,1.3.1,基本要求,中对副词主要考查以下几点：,(1),副词的句法功能；,(2),带,ly,和不带,ly,的副词；,(3),副词的位置；,(4),副词的比较级和最高级。,这些考查项目主要出现在,Section B,中，括号内给出名词、形容词或动词（机率非常低），要求考生将它们改为副词。若本身是副词，要使用比较级或最高级。其中较难的是给出名词，先转换成形容词，再变为副词这一类题。,1.3.2,考试中常见句型,(1)be,等系动词,+,（副词）形容词,示例,He has been(extreme),extremely,busy these days,(2),动词副词,示例,Everything went(smooth),smoothly,(3),动词宾语副词,示例,She didnt do it(intention),intentionally,.,(4),主语副词动词,示例,She(sudden),suddenly,fell ill.,(5),副词，句子,示例,(Luck),Luckily,Peter was there.,(6),副词副词,示例,He works(terrible),terribly,hard.,1.3.3,常见副词后缀：,(1),直接加,-,ly,careful carefully,calm calmly,real really,personal personally,part partly,recent recently,final finally,(2),以,le,结尾的改为,ly,possible possibly terrible terribly,(3),以,y,结尾的变,y,为,i,加,ly,sleepy sleepily lucky luckily,1.4,动词,当括号内为其它词性的词，但从句子结构和语法层次分析，句子所缺词为动词时，这种情况下主要测试考生对动词前缀及后缀的掌握。这些考查项目只出现在,Section B,中。,1.4.1,常见动词前缀,en-,able enable,rich enrich,large enlarge,1.4.2,常见动词后缀,(1)-en,wide widen fast fasten black blacken,sad sadden long lengthen short shorten,(2),fy,intense intensify pure purify,(3),ize,real realize,popular popularize,organ organize,modern modernize,final finalize,industrial industrialize,economy economize,1.5,否定前缀,在确定句子所缺词的词性后，要注意句子前后逻辑意义上是否通顺，即注意有时需加上表示否定的前缀，句子逻辑意义上才通顺。,1.5.1,高等学校英语应用能力考试常考到的表示否定的前缀有：,(1),dis,-,（,不、无、相反）,like dislike,agree disagree,order disorder,honest dishonest,comfort discomfort,ability disability,(2),il,-(,用在,l,之前,),不、无、非,legal illegal logical illogical,literate illiterate,(3),im,-(,用在,b,p,m,之前,),不、无、非,possible impossible,perfect imperfect,polite impolite,moral immoral,pure impure,personal impersonal,balance imbalance,(4)in-,不、无、非,capable incapable,correct incorrect,justice injustice,comparable incomparable,complete incomplete,formal informal,human inhuman,(5),ir,-(,用在,r,之前,),不、无,regular irregular,relative irrelative,removable irremovable,resolute irresolute,rational irrational,(6),mis,-,误、错、恶、不,use misuse,spell misspell,understand misunderstand,doing misdoing,(7)over-,过度、太甚,study,overstudy,drink,overdrink,work overwork,talk,overtalk,load overload,production overproduction,(8)re-,再、重复、重新,print reprint,built rebuilt,marry remarry,write rewrite,birth rebirth,consider reconsider,start restart,arm rearm,(9)un-,不、无、非、未,real unreal,comfortable uncomfortable,conditional unconditional,just unjust,civilized uncivilized,corrected uncorrected,1.5.2,高等学校英语应用能力考试常考到的表示否定的后缀有：,-less,（,without,）,job jobless,help helpless,use useless,end endless,count countless,tire tireless,示例,1,Paul loves to drive,and driving very long(distant)_ is part of his job.,正确答案,distances,解题要领,根据题干的语法结构，所填词（空格或横线）之前有形容词,long,作定语修饰并且作动词,drive,的宾语，因此所填词为名词，注意在句中有“重复多次”之意，且该词前并没有冠词，因此需用复数形式,distances,。,示例,2,From a(practice)_ point of view,it is not a very good place to set up a factory.,正确答案,practical,解题要领,根据题干的语法结构，尤其是所填词前后的语法结构，空白处之前有不定冠词,a,，,之后有名词,point,，,即可判断出此处需用形容词作定语，因此应填,practical,。,示例,3,You should(sure)_ the smoothly completing of our plan under any circumstances.,正确答案,ensure,解题要领,根据题干的语法结构，本句缺少谓语动词，因此需用,sure,的动词形式,ensure,，而情态动词后需用动词原形，所以此题答案为,ensure,。,