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2014中考专题复习 名 词 名词 专有名词（如：Tom、China、 the Great Wall）) 可数名词普通名词 物质名词(如： water水) 抽象名词(如:happiness) 个体名词(如：teacher教师) 集体名词(如：police警察)不可数名词名词的定义：表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的词。 一、专有名词1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如： Sunday Monday Tuesday January February4.表示中外节日： 国际性节日:New Year May Day Childrens Day Womens Day Teachers Day 中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day 西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Fathers Day Mothers Day Saint Valentines Day(情人节)5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如: CCTV UN WTO 二、不可数名词 通过改变量词形式的方法来表示不可数名词的量 a bottle of water-two bottles of water a piece of bread-three pieces of bread表示不可数名词量的相关词语还有：some,a lot of , much, a little , little, lots of巩固练习: (1 )一茶杯茶 （2）一块冰 （3）五瓶橘汁 二、既可做不可数名词，又可做可数名词的： 不可数名词 可数名词 paper 纸 a paper glass 玻璃 a glass iron 铁 a iron room 空间 a room chicken 鸡肉 a chicken beauty 美 a beauty一张报纸一个玻璃杯一个熨斗一个房间一只小鸡一个美人 cap-caps desk-desks 三、可数名词的复数形式 规 则 变 化A.绝大多数名词的复数形式在单数形式后加-SB.以字母x、s 、ch、 sh 结尾的名词在其后加-esbus-buses box-boxesC.(1)以辅音字母+ y结尾的名词需把y 变为i再加-es storystories (2)以元音字母+ y结尾的名词在后面直接加-s daydays D.以e结尾的名词加-SPage-pagesRose-rosesPrize-prizes PK time Itask- watch-dish-star-boy-stomach-class- taskswatchesdishesstarsboysstomachesclasses PK time Ibaby house-countrypartytoy-exercise-mouth- babies housescountriespartiestoys exercisesmouths E.以-f 或-fe结尾的可数名词,先将 f 或fe 变成 v 再加-es妻子 拿刀 去宰狼wife knife wolfwives knives wolves小偷吓得发了慌躲在架子上 来保(自己 的）命半片树叶遮目光 thief-thievesshelf-shelves life-livesself-selveshalf-halves leaf-leaves F.（1）以元音字母+o结尾的名词，以及某些以 o结尾的 外来词，变为复数时只加-S radioradios（ 2）以辅音字母+o结尾的名词变为复数时多数加-es potato-potatoes hero-heroes tomatotomatoes 黑人 、英雄 爱吃土豆 、西红柿Negro hero potato tomato PK time zoo thief piano leaf zero roof tomato hero zoos thieves pianos leaves zeros roofs tomatoes heroes 不规则变化1.特殊变化：2.单复同形 man policeman woman foot tooth mouse child ox sheep sheep fish fish deer deer (口诀：中国人日本人喜欢绵羊，鹿子和鱼)Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanesemen policemenwomen feet teethmice children oxen 3. 表示“某国人”的名词，其变化有三种情况 a. a Japanese five Japanese ( e.g Chinese )b. a Frenchman two Frenchmen ( e.g Englishman Englishwoman Frenchwoman )c. a German five Germans ( e.g Russian American Indian Italian Korean )4. 常以复数形式出现的名词trousers glasses clothes woods thanksnews goods socks scissors(剪刀)口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 5. 复合名词的复数形式a. 将主体名词变为复数e.g a boy student a flower shop an apple tree b. 当名词的第一个构成部分为man, woman时，将2个构成部分均变为复数e.g a woman teacher a man nurse boy studentsflower shops apple trees Two women teachersFour men nurses 四、名词的所有格Tom的书怎么表示答?房间的窗户?Toms book.window of the room Mikes bag麦克的包男孩的小刀教师节儿童节妇女节有生命名词(所有格+ s ；以 s结尾的+ ）the boys knifeTeachers DayChildrens DayWomans Day the legs of the chair椅子腿房间里的桌子北京最好的公园今天的作业中国的城市2小时步行路程无生命名词（所有格用of ， 时间、国家、距离、城市除外）Beijings best parktodays homeworkChinas citiesthe tables of the roomtwo hours walk 四、名词的所有格有生命的名词单数名词后加s复数名词以s结尾的名词只加不以s结尾的仍加s无生命的名词用of时间、国家、距离除外有生命+ s ；以s结尾的+ 无生命用of 时间、国家、距离、城市除外 四、名词的所有格1. 各自所有都加s; 多者共有则在最后面的名词 后加se.g 珍妮和海伦的房间 珍妮的房间和海伦的房间Jenny and Helens roomJennys and Helens rooms 2. 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格 后面的名词e.g: at my uncles = at my uncles home at the butchers=at the butchers shop3.双重所有格我父亲的朋友中的一个a friend of my fathers my teachers office1 我老师的办公室2 学生们的练习本3 今天的报纸4 十五分钟的路程5 到汤姆家去Practice to Toms15 minutes walktodays newspaperstudents exercise books 2011年曲靖中考名词1.（）（第37题）In any healthy friendship there should be some _ and takes. gives B. giving C. gave D. to give2. （第76题）Look at _ sports collection! So cool !（Jim）3.（第77题）Robert is a basketball _. He practices a lot very day.（play）4.（第78题）A good book may be one of your best _. （friend）Jims player friends .5.(第81题）Whos that woman with long blonde hair ? Shes my _. （历史老师）6.（第82题）I think _ is good for our health. （西红柿汤）7.（第83题）Now _ has found its new home in China. （欧式家具）8.（第84题）I just heard from the school news that Class Two was the champion in the school sports meeting this year. （ ）9.（第85题）Today noise pollution is becoming a serious problem, even in some small cities. （ ） history teachertomato soup European furniture学校/校园新闻/消息声音/噪音污染 （ ）1.（11大理、楚雄等联考）Jenny, whats your favorite_? I like bananas best. A. vegetable B. fruit C. meat D. drink（ ）2. （11十堰）In order to stay fit, people pay more attention to their_. A. diet B. experience C. thoughts D. awards（ ）3.（11曲靖模拟）Mum, Ive got an “A” in the English exam today! Great ! And you are sure to win a second time because this is a good_. A. report B. result C. start D. skill（ ）4. （11荆州）What _ do you like? I run every morning, and I often play tennis at weekends. A. sports B. music C. art D. subject（ ）5.（11江西）The doctor told me to eat more_ because its good for my health. A. orange B. vegetables C. ice cream D. beef （ ）6.（11昭通）How many _ are there in the International school? A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. Australian（ ）7.（11绍兴）Excuse me ,may I know your_ ? Sure. Its No.3 Bridge Street. A. house B. address C. way D. place（ ）8.（ 11大理模拟）Dont send short _ on the mobile phone in class. Its bad for your study. A. information B. messages C. advice D. news BACAB ABB Homework:Please finish the test paper of Noun 师生共勉No pains,no gains.不劳无获
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