英语前重心 汉语后重心

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语前重心 汉语后重心,所谓“前后重心”是指：重要信息置前还是置后。,英语具有直接性，往往是“开门见山”，先表明结,论，再进行论证、描述事实，也可简单概括为“先,果后因”，他们倾向于直接表达他们的意见、感情,和态度，不拐弯抹角来谈事情,。因此他们往往是把,句子的重要信息置于次要信息之前，即重心前；,汉语则恰恰相反，汉语则习惯于“循序渐,进”，往往按照事情的发展顺序，由事实到结,论或由因到果进行论述，可以简单归纳为“先,因后果”，即重心在后。,这种前后重心在英汉,语比较中主要体现在五个方面。,1,）在复合句子中。,英语的主句为重要信息，从句为次要信息。主句往往置于从句之前，即重心在前。而汉语一般按照逻辑和时间顺序，将重要信息放在后面，即重心在后。,例如：如果人类贪欲无止，世界和平则无望。,If there consistently exists insatiable greed in human, the world peace is out of the question.,译：,The world peace is out of the question only if there consistently exists insatiable greed in human.,2,）一个句子中既有叙事部分，又有表态部分时。,如有叙事部分，又有表态部分，则显然表态部分相对于叙事部分来说是重要信息。英语通常先表明态度或观点，然后再陈述所发生的事情。然而，在我们汉语里，通常把事物或情况讲清楚，最后来个简短的表达或评论。,例如：精通一门外语是大有裨益的。,Mastering a foreign language is of great help.,译：,It is of great help to master a foreign language.,又例如：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。,Meeting friends from afar is a great pleasure,译：,It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.,3,）,.,英文先结果，后原因,;,汉语先原因，后结果,。,翻译：因为我爱他而不是恨他，所以我才会批评他。,Because I love him, not hating him, I criticized him.,译：,I criticized him, not because I hate him but because I love him.,翻译：也许校园生活并非总像想象中的那样，所以很多学生才会感到失落。,Campus life may be not as same as what the students thought, so many of them feel disappointed.,译：,Many students feel lost because campus life is not always what they imagined.,4,）,.,英文先结论，后叙事,;,汉语先叙事，后结论,。,经过多年的努力，我们终于解决了这个难题。,Through many years effort, we finally solved the problem.,译：,We have solved the problem after many years hard work.,5,）,.,英语先表态，后叙事,。,翻译：是什么导致了人的犯罪，我们还不能确定。,译：,We are still not sure what causes people to commit a crime,翻译： 死记硬背有很多的局限性，这一点我们必须承认。,译：,We should admit that rote learning has a number of limitations.,Practice 1,：,翻译：,I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.,译文：由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快地重新实现访问。这使我感到特别高兴。,practice 2,：,翻译：,The assertion that it was difficult, if not impossible, for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic, social and cultural development was now scarcely contested.,译文：如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位，不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展，要享受其基本权利，即使不是不可能，也是不容易的。这一论断几乎是无可置辩的了。,总结：在英文句子中，将重要信息置,于次要信息之前，尽量避免具有信息传递,间接性特点的汉语的干扰。,Thank you for listening.,