梅毒(英文)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2016/12/13,#,梅毒,Syphilis,The first discovered venereal disease,What is syphilis?,Treponema-pallidum,（苍白密螺旋体）,SyphilisisasexuallytransmittedinfectioncausedbythebacteriumTreponema trepni:m pallidum pli:dm subspeciespallidum.Thesignsandsymptomsofsyphilisvarydependinginwhichofthefourstagesitpresents(primary,secondary,latent,andtertiary),route of transmission,Syphilis is transmitted primarily by sexual contact or duringpregnancyfrom a mother to her fetus; the spirochete,（螺旋体）,is able to pass through intact mucous membranes(,完整的粘膜）,or compromised skin,（受损的皮肤）,.,Symptom,The primary stage classically presents with a single chancre (a firm, painless, non-itchy skin ulceration) but there may be multiple sores.,In secondary syphilis a diffuse rash occurs, which frequently involves the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. There may also be sores in the mouth or vagina.,In latent syphilis, which can last for years, there are little to no symptoms, but in fact its potentially corrading your body.,In tertiary syphilis there are gummas(soft non-cancerous growths), neurological, or heart symptoms.,Whats the origin?,The exact origin of syphilis is disputed.Syphilis was definitely present in the Americas before European contact,and it may have been carried from the Americas to Europe by the returning crewmen fromChristopher Columbuss voyage to theAmericas;,Columbo petitioned the queen,Emanuel Leutze,Naples sickness,French Disease,Polish disease,Christian disease,Portugal disease,Guangdong sore,China sore,Ivan and his son, Ilya Yafimovich Repin,King Henry VIII,How can we cure it?,Guaiacum officinale,(,药用俞创树,),制备治疗梅毒的俞创木,-,Johannes Stradanus,Mercury,（水银）,Arsenic,（砒霜）,Potassium iodide,（碘化钾）,The first wonder drug,Paul Ehrlich,（,18541915,）,Salvarsan,（砷凡纳明）,Nowadays,Penicillin,How can we prevent syphilis,Vaccine,As of 2010, there is no vaccine effective for prevention.Several vaccines based on treponemal trepni:m proteins reduce lesion development in an animal model, and research is ongoing.,Sex,Condom use reduces the likelihood of transmission during sex, but does not completely eliminate the risk.TheCenters for disease Control and Preventionstates, Correct and consistent use of latexcondomscan reduce the risk of syphilis only when the infected area or site of potential exposure is protected. However, a syphilis sore outside of the area covered by a latex condom can still allow transmission, so caution should be exercised even when using a condom.,Abstinence from intimate physical contact with an infected person is effective at reducing the transmission of syphilis. The CDC states, The surest way to avoid transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, including syphilis, is to abstain from sexual contact or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and is known to be uninfected.,