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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,【复习要求】,识记并列句和从句中的主谓一致原那么。,【知识要点】,主谓一致是指主语的人称和单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。,1.谓语动词要与主语的人称和数一致。如：,I am seventeen，and she is sixteen.,There is a desk in the room.,John gets up at 6:00 every morning.,They have not come yet.,Nobody knows who is going to win the competition.,没有人知道谁会赢得比赛。,What is the latest news about the Olympic Games,有关奥运会最新的消息是什么？,第三章主谓一致,2.and连接的两个单数名词、短语或句子做主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：,My mother and I have seen the film.,我和妈妈已经看过这部电影。,What he said and what he did were always different.,他说的和做的总是不一样。,Rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.,中国这一地区种植大米与小麦。,注意：1由and连接的主语前分别有each，every，no，many a等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：,Every man and every woman is busy working.,每个人都在忙着工作。,No sound and no voice is heard.,一点声音都没有。,注意：2and连接的在意义上表示同一人或物或者由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：,The worker and writer has written a new novel.指一个人,这位工人兼作家已写了一本新小说。,The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next month.指两个人,这位小说家和诗人下个月一起去欧洲。,One more knife and fork is needed.,还需要一副刀叉。,War and peace is a constant theme in history.,战争与和平是历史上一个永恒的主题。,3.不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，something，no one，nothing，each，the other等做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：,Is anybody going to tell him the news,有人准备告诉他这消息吗？,Everything is ready.一切都准备好了。,Someone is waiting for you at the school gate.,有人在门口等你。,4.neither 和none可当作单数，也可当作复数，主要根据说话人的意思决定，但是代表不可数名词时，只作单数。如：,Neither of us has/have been abroad.,我们谁都没出过国。,None of this money is mine.,这些钱都不是我的。,5.当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，like，no less than，rather than，over，besides，except，but，including，in addition to等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致即舍近求远原那么。如：,The teacher with two students was at the meeting.,6.成双成对出现的复数名词glasses眼镜，scissors剪刀，clothes，shoes，trousers，gloves，stockings，goods等做主语时，通常谓语动词用复数。如：,These glasses are made in China.,这些眼镜是中国制造的。,但如果前面有a/the pair of；a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓语动词要用单数。如：,A pair of scissors is a useful tool for a dressmaker.,剪刀是裁缝的重要工具。,7.由并列构造或连词either.or，neither.nor，not.but，not only.but also，.or. 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与邻近的那个名词或代词保持一致。如：,Not only my husband but also I am fond of the World Cup.,不仅我丈夫而且我也喜欢看世界杯。,Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.,汤姆和他的父母都不在家。,8.在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。如：,There is a book and some pens on the desk.,桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。,Now comes your turn.,现在轮到你了。,9.在定语从句中，关系代词做主语，从句谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。如：,I know the man who is talking to my father.,我认识正跟我父亲说话的那个人。,注意：在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句构造中，从句谓语动词用复数。但当one of之前有the only，the first等词表示特指时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。如：,Jim is one of the students in her class who are praised by their teacher.,吉姆是被教师表扬的同学之一。,Jim was the only one of the students who was praised by our teacher.,吉姆是唯一被教师表扬的同学。,10.表示不定数量的词all，none，any，some，the rest，most，half等作主语时，应根据具体表达的意思来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。如：,All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.,我对这家公司的了解都是昨天他告诉我的。,All is right.,一切顺利。,All are present.,人都到齐了。,11.“分数或百分数+of+名词及a lot of，lots of，plenty of，part of+名词构成的短语做主语时，其谓语动词与短语of后面的名词保持一致。如：,80%of cotton has been sent to America.,80%的棉花已经被送往美国。,Half of the apples are red.,有一半的苹果是红的。,12.词组“a number of(大量的)+可数名词复数的构造作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；但“the number of( 的数量) +可数名词复数的构造作主语时，那么谓语动词用单数。如：,A number of ancient buildings were destroyed in the war.,大量的古代建筑在战争中被毁坏了。,The number of the visitors has decreased this year.,游客的数量今年减少了。,13.英语的集体名词如：family，group，party，team，class，club，army，enemy，government 等，指代“整体时为单数；指代“其中的各成员时那么为复数。如：,My family was very poor when I was a little girl.,当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候，我家很穷。,My family are all looking forward to seeing you soon.,我的家人都在期待着早点见到你。,注意：表示总称的名词police，people，clothes，cattle牛等做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。,14.“the+形容词或分词表示“一类人做主语时，谓语动词用复数。,The poor were not able to buy houses to live in.,穷人买不起房子住。,15.主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等概念的词做主语时，视为整体对待，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：,Watching TV too much is bad for your health.,电视看得太多对安康有害。,When to leave has not been decided.,什么时候离开还没有定下来。,Ten minutes is enough.,十分钟足够了。,Sixty years is a long time.,60年是一段很长的时间。,【例题解析】,( )1.Neither Bill nor his parents,at home yesterday evening.,A.were,B.are,C.was,D.is,( )2.,Chinese,Japanese are Asians.,A.Both;and,B.Neither;nor,C.Neither;or,D.Either;or,【答案】A,【解析】由并列构造neither.nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。,【答案】A,【解析】主语由Both.and 连接时，谓语用复数形式；由并列构造either.or，neither.nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。,( )3.About,of the teachers in our school,young people.,A.two,five;are,B.second,fifth;is,C.two fifths;are D.two fifths;is,( )4.He,，,like you and Xiao Li,to the English party.,A.was invited,B.were invited to go,C.are inviting,D.is to invite,【答案】C,【解析】分数或百分数+of+名词构成的短语做主语时，其谓语动词与短语of后面的名词保持一致。,【答案】A,【解析】当主语与谓语动词之间插入like短语时，谓语动词不受插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致舍近求远原那么。,( )5.,She is a League member and often,good deeds for us.,A.do,B.does,C.doing,D.done,【答案】,B,【解析】,and,连接两个谓语，所以第二个谓语必须与主语,She,取得一致。,【同步精练】,( )1.Miss Chen often,us English on the radio.,A.teaches,B.taught,C.will teach,D.had taught,( )2.That place is not interesting at all.,of us wants to go there.,A.Neither,B.Both,C.All,D.Some,( )3.Maths,my favorite subject.,A.be,B.is,C.am,D.are,【答案】A,【解析】 主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时态的句子中，谓语动词要加“es。,【答案】A,【解析】 从谓语动词wants 知道，主语要用第三人称单数。,【答案】B,【解析】该题主语maths是学科名词，看成是第三人称单数。,( )4.Everyone except Tom and John,there when the meeting began.,A.are,B.is,C.were,D.was,( )5.The boy with the two dogs,when the earthquake rocked the city.,A.were sleeping,B.is sleeping,C.was sleeping,D.are asleep,【答案】D,【解析】 该题主语是everyone, 是第三人称单数，所以谓语要用单数形式；从句中的谓语动词是过去时，所以主句中的谓语动词也要用过去时。,【答案】C,【解析】 该题的主语是the boy, 是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；又从句中的谓语动词是过去时，所以主句中的谓语动词也要用过去时。,( )6.Sorry，we already have four people in the car.,There for the box.,A.is a little roomB.are no rooms,C.is no roomD.are few rooms,( )7.Seventy percent of the students herefrom the countryside.,A.isB.areC esD.has come,【答案】C,【解析】 该题中room是一个不可数名词，做主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。在there be 句型中，be动词用单数还是复数，要根据它后面的主语是单数还是复数来定。,【答案】B,【解析】 百分数作主语是用单数还是复数由百分比后面的名词来决定。假设是不可数名词，那么谓语动词用单数；假设是可数名词，那么用复数。,( )8.,Those who,in,compositions,，,please hand them in this afternoon.,A.hasn t handed,；,hisB.haven t handed,；,their,C.has handed,；,their,D.have handed,；,his,( )9.Mr.Zhang is one of the teachers in our school who,by students.,A.are respectedB.is respected,C.respectedD.is respecting,【答案】B,【解析】 该句中who 引导的是一个定语从句，指代它前面的先行词。该先行词those是复数，所以who 也是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。,【答案】A,【解析】 该题who 引导的定语从句中，先行词是one of+可数名词的复数，要看成是复数。“受学生尊敬，所以要用被动语态。,( )10.Nobody,to smoke in the cinema.,A.allows,B.allow,C.is allowed,D.are allowed,( )11.The rest of the magazines,within half an hour.,A.is sold outB.are sold out,C.was sold outD.were sold out,【答案】C,【解析】主语nobody是第三人称单数。“没有人被允许在电影院抽烟。，所以谓语动词要用被动语态的形式。,【答案】D,【解析】 the rest of+名词，如果名词是可数名词，那么谓语动词用复数；如果名词是不可数名词，那么谓语动词用单数。,( )12.A large number of the students in our class,girls.,A.are,B.were,C.is,D.was,( )13.The number of students of this school,large.,A.are,B.were,C.isn t,D.aren t,( )14.I,，,who,your teacher,，,will try my best to help you with your study.,A.be,B.am,C.are,D.is,【答案】A,【解析】 “a number of+可数名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,【答案】C,【解析】 “the number of+可数名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,【答案】B,【解析】who是定语从句的引导词，代表先行词I, 所以谓语动词用am。,( )15.The rich,not always happy.,A.areB.is,C.has,D.have,( )16.He is the only one of the students who,been elected.,A.areB.have,C.has,D.is,【答案】A,【解析】the+adj.指一类人，是复数，所以谓语动词要用复数的形式。,【答案】C,【解析】“the only one of the+可数名词的复数作先行词，who作定语从句的引导词时，从句中的谓语动词用单数。,( )17.The police,for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.,A.is searching,B.were searching,C.are searching,D.was searching,( )18.100 million,a lot of money.,A.dollar isB.dollars are,C.dollars isD.dollar are,【答案】B,【解析】police是复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数的形式。该题考的是句型：were+V-ing.when+主语+动词的过去式。,【答案】C,【解析】“100 million作主语时看做是整体。,( )19.Either you or I,going to the teachers office after class.,A.am,B.is,C.are,D.be,( )20.The class,big.Now the class,practicing swimming.,A.are,；,are,B.are,；,is,C.is,；,is,D.is,；,are,【答案】A,【解析】“either.or.作主语时，遵循“就近原那么，意即谓语动词用单数还是复数依or后面的名词或代词来确定，or后面的名词或代词如果是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果是复数，那么谓语动词用复数。,【答案】D,【解析】class作主语时，指物是班级，谓语动词用单数；指人是指班级的同学，谓语动词用复数。,( )21.The paper for books and newspapers,made of wood.,A.areB.is,C.has,D.have,( )22.Here,a new pair of shoes for you.,A.isB.are,C.have,D.has,( )23.Either your parents or your elder brother,to attend the evening party tomorrow.,A.are goingB.are,C.is going,D.have,【答案】A,【解析】here放在句首，句子要倒装，谓语要放在主语的前面。该句的主语是a new pair of shoes,所以谓语动词用单数。,【答案】C,【解析】(“either.or.作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原那么。),【答案】B,【解析】paper“纸，是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,( )24.Neither my father nor I,at home.,A.am,B.is,C.are,D.be,( )25.Not only I but also Jane and Mary,tired of having one examination after another.,A.is,B.are C.am,D.be,( )26.Both my father and my mother,interested in music when they were young.,A.were B.are,C.was,D.is,【答案】A,【解析】“neither.nor.作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原那么。,【答案】B,【解析】“not only.but also.作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原那么。,【答案】A,【解析】“both.and.作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,( )27.All of the work,finished and either the teacher or the students,enough time now.,A.is,；,has,B.are,；,have,C.was,；,have D.were,；,had,( )28.There,to be many arguments on both sides.,A.seemsB.is,C.seem,D.are,【答案】C,【解析】“all of the work作主语时，谓语动词用单数，且work 和finish的关系是被动，所以用被动语态。and后面的句子中主语是“either.or.构造，谓语要根据or后的名词是单数还是复数决定。,【答案】A,【解析】there be 句型的变形，“好似有。,( )29.Half of this money,to you and half of the books,to you,，,too.,A.belong,；,belong B.belongs,；,belongs,C.belong,；,belong,D.belongs,；,belong,( )30.What they need,clean water.,A.hasB.have,C.is,D.are,【答案】D,【解析】“half of+名词作主语时，谓语是单数还是复数要根据名词来确定。名词是不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；名词是可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数。,【答案】C,【解析】从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数的形式。,
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