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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第十三章简单句的五种根本句型,【复习要求】,1.运用简单句的构造包括肯定式、否认式和疑问式。,2.运用简单句的五种根本句型。,1主语+不及物动词S+V,2主语+连系动词+表语S+L+P,3主语+及物动词+宾语S+V+O,4主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语S+V+O+O,5主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语S+V+O+C,【知识要点】,按照构造划分，句子可以分为三种类型：简单句、并列句和复合句，其中简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语动词或并列谓语动词构成。英语简单句由于所用的主要动词不同即系动词、不及物动词和及物动词三种，就产生了不同的句子类型。,一、主语+不及物动词S+V，如：,The moon rose slowly.,Everybody laughed.,二、主语+连系动词+表语S+L+P，如：,David became an engineer.,They are students.,三、主语+及物动词+宾语S+V+O，如：,Jane is reading a storybook.,I love my parents.,四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语S+V+O+O,可以接双宾语的及物动词有ask，give，tell，teach等，如：,Emma taught the children English.,I sent her an Email.,五、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语S+V+O+C,可带这种复合宾语的及物动词ask，tell，make，see，want，call等，如：,I heard him singing in the hall.,我听见他在大厅里唱歌。,We call this kind of machines computers.,我们把这种机器称为电脑。,【例题解析】,( )1.Susan and I,hard.,A.works,B.working,C.is working,D.are working,( )2.My family,very big.,A.is,B.are,C.be,D.being,【答案】D,【解析】本句考的是简单句中的主谓构造句型，即S+V构造，主语是Susan and I，根据主谓一致的原那么，谓语动词应该用复数形式。所以答案选D。,【答案】A,【解析】本句的构造是主系表构造，所要选择的是谓语动词。集体名词family，team，group，class等作主语时，假设是看作整体，谓语动词用单数；假设看作个体成员时，谓语动词用复数。如：,The class has 25 boys.,The class are learning to sing an English song.,( )3.Jack gave,.,A.to her the flowers,B.him to some pictures,C.some pictures him,D.her the flowers,【答案】D,【解析】有些及物动词可带两个宾语，如：give，send，lend，borrow，write，show，buy等，通常是表示“人的间接宾语在前，表示“物的直接宾语在后；如果反过来，即把表示“人的间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，应在间接宾语前面加上介词to或for，如：give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.，所以正确答案为D。,( )4.The number of the people invited to the Party,unknown.,A.be,B.is,C.are,D.are being,( )5.My father always wanted me,a teacher.,A.be,B.being,C.to be,D.to being,【答案】B,【解析】这是主谓宾构造的被动语态。The number of the people是句子的主语，它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，invited to the party过去分词作主语的定语。该题的答案是B。,【答案】C,【解析】本句的构造是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。根据want的用法：want sb. to do sth.，不定式to be a teacher作宾语补足语。,【同步精练】,( )1.The sun always,in the east.,A.raises,B.raise,C.rise,D.rises,( )2.I found the book,.,A.interesting,B.interested,C.interest,D.interests,【答案】D,【解析】主语为第三人称单数、一般现在时态的句子中，谓语动词要加“s, 或“es。raise,rise 都有“上升的意思，前者是及物动词，必须跟宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来，后者是不及物动词，不能跟宾语，“某人、某物自己升起来，特别用于太阳、月亮、星星等的升起。,【答案】A,【解析】本句是“S+V+O+C 构造，要选择的是宾语补足语。因为宾语是the book, 指物，所以要选interesting。,( )3.He often,his clothes on Sundays.,A.washing,B.washes,C.has washed,D.wash,( )4.Mary,to school.,A.never walks,B.is never walking,C.walks never,D.never is walking,【答案】 A,【解析】never可用于一般现在时、一般将来时态或现在完成时态的句子中，不用于进展时态中。never 放在实义动词前。,【答案】B,【解析】本句是“S+V+O构造，要选择的是谓语。主语是第三人称单数，时间状语是often，所以要选一般现在时态。,( )5.We ll make our school more,.,A.beauty,B.beautifully,C.beautily,D.beautiful,( )6.You,your homework.,A.haven t done,B.have doing,C.have not doing,D.not done,【答案】D,【解析】make+sth.+adj.,该句中形容词和前面的more一起构成比较级。,【答案】 A,【解析】have+p.p., 构成现在完成时。,( )7.This is an important matter,，,so I need at least a day or two,.,A.of thinking over it,B.to think it over,C.of thinking it over,D.to think over it,( )8.This dictionary doesn t belong to,.,A.my,B.mine,C.me,D.me own,【答案】B,【解析】it 是代词，只能放在动词think和副词over之间, 不定式短语作状语。,【答案】 C,【解析】作介词to 的宾语，所以要用宾格的形式。,( )9.Our feeling was,.,A.the same as they,B.same as theirs,C.same as they,D.the same as theirs,( )10.Please write,the new words,your paper.,A.in,；,on,B.up,；,in,C.off,；,at,D.down,；,on,【答案】 D,【解析】same 前必须要加定冠词the。在英语中表比较必须是同类事物才能比较，在本句中，是“我们的感情和“他们的感情进展比较。,【答案】D,【解析】write down “写下，on your paper “在纸上。,( )11.I have much work,today.,A.to be done,B.doing,C.be done,D.to do,( )12.Tell Bob,any noise here,，,we re doing our homework.,A.don t make,B.not making,C.not make,D.not to make,【答案】 D,【解析】tell sb.to do sth.,tell sb.not to do sth.,【答案】D,【解析】不定式to do 作 much work的定语。,( )13.Do you like the material,Yes，it feels very.,A.softenB.softenlyC.soft D.softly,( )14.What happens to your shoes,They want.,A.to mend B.being mended,C.mendingD.mended,【答案】C,【解析】want+V-ing，主动的形式表示被动的意思，“他们需要被修理。,【答案】C,【解析】feel 是连系动词，后面要求接形容词作表语。,( )15.Reading books every day,a good habit in learning a language.,A.was,B.were,C.is,D.are,( )16.You must keep your classroom,and tidy.,A.to clean,B.cleaning,C.cleaned,D.clean,【答案】 C,【解析】reading books every day 是一个动名词短语，作主语时，要当做是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要用单数的形式。该句中无明确的表示过去的时间状语，所以用一般现在时。,【答案】D,【解析】因为tidy 是一个形容词，所以and 前也应该是一个形容词。Clean 既可以用作动词，也可用作形容词。 ,( )17.,I don t like chicken,fish very much.,I don t like chicken,，,I like fish very much.,A.and,；,and,B.and,；,but,C.or,；,and,D.or,；,but,( )18.We,to school on Sunday.,A.needn t going,B.needn t to go,C.don t need go,D.needn t go,【答案】D,【解析】在一个否认句中，连接两个选项要用or; 第二个选项中是表示意思上的转折，所以用but。,【答案】D,【解析】need 既可以用作实义动词，又可以用作情态动词。它的否认形式分别是：dont need to go 或neednt go。,( )19.Those desks are made of wood，,A.isn t it B.aren t those,C.aren t they D.are they,( )20.Without the Communist Party of China，,new China.,A.there were notB.there would be no,C.there will be D.there hadn t been,【答案】C,【解析】反义疑问句的句子中，陈述局部用肯定，反义疑问句局部用否认，主语要用代词来代替。,【答案】B,【解析】从句局部是用介词短语代替的条件状语从句，主句局部是用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的形式。,( )21.To answer correctly is more important than,.,A.that you finish,B.finishing quickly,C.to finish quickly,D.finish quickly,( )22.Please remember,the letter on your way to school.,A.sending,B.to send,C.sent,D.to sent,【答案】 C,【解析】在该句中表示比较的是两个不定式短语。,【答案】B,【解析】remember+to do“记得要做, remember+V-ing “记得做了。,( )23.This morning Tom arrived late,.,A.as usuallyB.as usual,C.like usually,D.like usual,( )24.It is really kind,.,A.of you to say so,B.for you to say so,C.of you saying so,D.for you saying so,【答案】 B,【解析】固定搭配：as uaual “像往常一样。,【答案】 A,【解析】句型：Its really kind of you to do sth.。,( )25.Almost everyone fails,the driving test on the first try.,A.passing,B.to have passed,C.to pass,D.by passing,( )26.This word may be used both as a noun,as a verb.,A.as well,B.nor,C.and,D.or,【答案】C,【解析】fail to do sth. “未能做到。,【答案】C,【解析】both.and.“两者,都。,( )27.We fear,hardship,death.,A.neither,；,nor,B.neither,；,or,C.either,；,or,D.not both,；,and,( )28.You had better keep it dry,it will get rotten.,A.and,B.but,C.or,D.yet,【答案】A,【解析】either.or.“或者或者，“要么要么, neither.nor.“既不也不。,【答案】C,【解析】or “否那么, 表示意思上的转折。,( )29.Lenin was very busy then,he still gave much of his time to his studies.,A.or,B.but,C.only,D.when,( )30.Mr.John was busy,，,he could not come.,A.but,B.therefore,C.and,D.not,【答案】B,【解析】but “但是, 表示意思上的转折。,【答案】B,【解析】therefore “因此, 表原因。,
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