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Unit 5 The power of nature 3_ adv.在旁边；沿着边核 心 单 词volcano volcanic volcanology1_ n火山_ adj.火山的_n火山学_ n火山学家volcanologist2_ vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生_ n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发erupt eruptionalongside prep.在旁边；沿着的边equipment equip4_ n设备；装备_ v装备；配备 5_ vt.任命；委派_ n约定；任命_ adj.约定的；被指定的appoint appointment6_ vt.评估；评价；估计_ n评估7_ vi. I dont mind 5 ._ danger interests meand makes me feel alive. 6 ._is known, when lava from the volcano flows, many houses 7 ._ (be) covered with lava or occasionallyb causAswill be causes under absolutelybe burnt to the ground.All the lava passing slowly down themountain 8 ._ (cause) more damage because it burieseverything in its path 9 ._ the molten rock.I onceexperienced an eruption.When it broke out, red lava was fountainedhundreds of meters into the air, and it was an 1 0 ._(absolute) fantastic sight. 单句语法填空1(2 0 1 7 年 新 课 标卷 阅 读 理 解 D)Unfortunately， you mustcarry the necessary _ (equip) with you，since its all butimpossible to find natural substitutes.equipment2(2 0 1 7 年 新 课 标卷 七 选 五 型 阅 读 理 解 )Keep a recordand _ (evaluation) it weekly.Keep track of your effortsand write down how you feel.evaluate to do3More than once he has told me his desire that he should beappointed _ (do) another job of the department. 4I was about to hand in the paper _ I found anothermistake and then corrected it carefully. whenbeing5This _ (be) my first performance, I was so worriedthat I kept on reading the script again and again.6My color TV set is only one year old and it is still _guarantee. undersuitable7I think you can come at any time in the afternoon if that is_ (suit) for you. anxiety uncomfortable absolutely8 The fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source ofdeep _ (anxious) to many students.9I felt _ (comfort) because I ate too much.1 0In our office, Jim is _ (absolute) an expert incomputer. 1appoint vt.任 命 ； 委 派 ； 约 定appoint sb.as.任命某人为appointment n约会；任命；委派break an/ones appointment 违约；失约make/have an appointment with sb.和某人约会keep an/ones appointment 守约by appointment 按照约定；照章hold an appointment 担任某职 【 写 作 佳 句 】Sam has been appointed manager of the EngineeringDepartment to take the place of George.山姆取代乔治已经被任命为工程部经理。asappointment运 用单句语法填空 to fetch by(1 )If we come to terms, well appoint you _ our agent.(2 )My patient didnt turn up at the appointed time.That is, shebroke an _ (appoint)(3 )The teacher appointed me _ (fetch) some chalks.(4 )Im coming here for an interview _ appointment. 2anxious adj.忧 虑 的 ； 不 安 的be anxious about/for sb./sth.对某人/某事感到忧虑be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.渴望(某人)做某事anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望with anxiety 焦虑地anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地 辨 析 anxious 和 eagerbe anxious 与 be eager 后面的结构相同，但表示的意义有所不同，前者强调“忧虑、焦急”；后者强调“渴望”。 运 用单句语法填空about/for(1 )We are anxious _ his safety.(2 )They are anxious _ (know) the result.(3 )Why was he so anxious for me _ (stay) here?(4 )_ (anxious), she took the dress out of the packageand tried it on, only to find it didnt fit.to kno She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with_ (anxious), only to find it didnt fit. to stayAnxiouslyanxiety 3guarantee vt.保 证 ； 担 保 n 保 证 ； 保 证 书 ； 担 保 ；抵 押 品 guarantee sth.to sb.guarantee sb.sth.向某人保证某物guarantee to do sth.保证做某事be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事a guarantee of sth.保证某事guarantee sb.to do sth.保证某人做某事 give sb.a guarantee that.向某人保证under guarantee 在保修期内 辨 析 guarantee to do sth.和 be guaranteed to do sth.guarantee to do sth.与 be guaranteed to do sth.都可以翻译为“保证做某事，肯定做某事”，但其实意义是有区别的。如：He guaranteed to attend our party.He is guaranteed to attend our party.句是“他( 自己) 保证来参加我们的晚会”；而句是“他一定会参加我们的晚会”，表示说话人的观点，说话人保 证他会来。 运 用单句语法填空to succeed that arrival(1 )We should pay attention to small details, which canguarantee us _ (succeed) in the end.(2 )Can you give me a guarantee _ the work will befinished on time?(3 )We cannot guarantee the punctual _ (arrive) oftrains in foggy weather. is guaranteed(4 )If you yell at him, he _ (guarantee) to do the opposite of what you want. 4suit n 一 套 外 衣 ； 套 装 vt.适 合 ； 使 适 宜suit sb.适合某人suitable adj.适合的；相配的be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事辨 析 suit, fit 和 match(1 )suit 指衣服的颜色、花样或款式适合，另外，表示时间、天气、气味、环境、性格、地位或条件等的词做主语时，通常 也用 suit。(2 )fit 指事物尤其衣服的大小、尺寸合体或合身。(3 )match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。 运 用用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空(1 )The color of this pair of shoes _ me very well, butit doesnt _ me. suitsfit match(2 )Her shoes _ er dress; they look very greattogether. suitsfitsmatches suit(3 )The room is neat and tidy, and it _ the students.(4 )I want to take this jacket because it _ me well and_ my trousers, though the style doesnt _ me. 1burn to the ground 全 部 焚 毁介词 to 表示“结果”的类似短语：tear.to pieces 把撕成碎片sentence.to death 判的死刑burn.to the ashes 把烧成灰烬burn/beat/starve.to death 烧/打/饿死【 写 作 佳 句 】The whole house burned to the ground after the big fire. 大火之后，整个房子被夷为平地。 运 用完成句子，每空一词has beenburnt to(1 )他无处栖身，因为他的房子被烧掉了。He has no place to live in because his house _ _ _ _ _.the ground(2 )她愤怒地把那封信撕成了碎片。She was so angry that she _ the letter _. tore topieces(3 )据说那个强盗被立刻判了死刑。 Its said that the robber was at once _ _. sentenced todeath 2make ones way 前 往 ； 成 功go out of ones way 特地，不怕麻烦(去做某事)by the way 顺便说说by way of 途经out of the way 不挡道；不碍事；躲开；不寻常的fight ones way 奋斗前进；努力开辟lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones way 挤着前进；挤出去 wind ones way 蜿蜒前进in the way 挡道； 拦住去路on the way 在途中；即将到来 【 名 师 指 津 】lost our wayfeel/push/wind ones way 都表示“前进”，只是前进的方式不一样。而 make ones way 表示的是“艰难地前进，克服困难地前进”。madeour way运 用完成句子，每空一词 went out of(1 )沿着小路向山顶走时我们迷路了。We _ _ _ when we _ _ along the path to the top of the mountain.(2 )他特意订购了鲜花来制造甜蜜的气氛。He _ _ _ _ _ tobook the flowers to make sweet atmosphere. his way (3 )长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。The Great Wall _ _ _ across northChina like a huge dragon. winds its way(4 )他的一个梦想是通过奋斗进入上流社会。One of his dreams was to _ _ _ intothe fashionable world. fight his way 3compare with/to 与相 比comparison n比较comparative adj.比较的；相比的comparatively adv.对比地； 相对地； 比较地； 有点辨 析 compare with 和 compare to(1 )compare with 与相比；匹敌。着重人与人或事物与事物之间的相同或差异。 (2 )compare to 除表示“与相比”外，还可表示“喻为；比作”，指出两个事物之间的关系或相似之处。 运 用单句语法填空(1 )No one can compare _ Shakespeare as a writer oftragedies. with toComparedComparing(2 )Young people are often compared _ the sun ateight or nine in the morning.(3 )_ (compare) with her achievements, hershortcomings are, after all, only secondary.(4 )_ (compare) him with many young people of his age, he also likes playing computer games. 4vary from.to.由到不 等vary in sth.大小、形状等不同/有别vary with.随变化/改变vary between.and.从到变化a variety of/varieties of.种种；各种各样的various adj. 各种各样的【 名 师 指 津 】 vary 强调不停地变化。 运 用单句语法填空(1 )However, views on this issue vary _ person toperson. fromwith varying(2 )As in China, the climate in Canada varies _ thearea. (3 )I like reading very much，especially story books, _(vary) from Chinese stories to English stories.(4 )The speaker discoursed knowledgeably on _ (vary) of subjects. varieties 原 句 1 Having collected and evaluated the information, Ihelp other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano willflow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测火山熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。句中“Having collected and evaluated the information”是现在分词的完成式在句中做状语，表明分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。现在分词的主动语态做状语时，与逻辑主语即句子的主语是主动关系。 注 意 ： 过 去 分 词 做 状 语 同 现 在 分 词 做 状 语 时 一 样 ， 其 逻 辑上 的 主 语 就 是 主 句 的 主 语 ， 但 过 去 分 词 与 主 语 之 间 存 在 被 动 关系 (有 时 无 被 动 意 味 ， 只 是 表 示 一 种 状 态 或 动 作 的 完 成 )。运 用单句语法填空(1 )_ (work) for two days, Steve managed tofinish his report on schedule.Having worked(2 )_ (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didntwant to eat there again.Having eaten (3 )_ (catch) in a heavy rain, my daughter fell illand had to ask for a leave.Caught 原 句 2 I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly mybedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。“be about to do.when.”意为“正要做这时(突然)”，不能和具体的时间状语连用。运 用单句语法填空when to open were(1 )He was about to see the headmaster and explain what hadhappened _ the headmaster appeared at the door.(2 )He was about _ (open) the door when he felt thehandle turning the other way.(3 )They _ (be) about to go home when it began torain. 原 句 3 It is said that this boy, who had a great gift forlanguages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。“It is said that.”意为“据说”，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句。以上结构可转化为“主语be过去分词不定式”结构，其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。类似的结构：It is reported that.据报道 It is believed that.人们相信It is not expected that.没有料到It is hoped that.大家希望 运 用一句多译(1 )众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。_同义句转换，每空一词(2 )据说新市长下个月将上任。 _ _ _ _ the new mayor willcome into power next month.It is known to all that China is a country with a long history.As is known to all, China is a country with a long history.What is known to all is that China is a country with a longhistory. It is said that is said to comeinto power The new mayor _ _ _ _ _ next month.(3 )据说二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。It is said that_ _ _ _ carbon dioxide isheating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. Carbon dioxide _ _ _ _ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.is said to beheating 运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来In the beginning of the new term, our new classmates,1 ._ height varied from 1 .5 m to 1 .8 m, decided 2_(run) for the monitor.Among them I was the most ordinary-lookingas well as the shortest 3 ._ (come) from a poor family in aremote countryside, so I was in a real panic when making my way4 ._ the front of our classroom to give my speech.In orderwhose to runcomingto to calm 5 ._ down, I first 6 ._ (glance) throughthe outline of my script. 7 ._ (gradual), I was notanxious about making the speech, in which I 8 ._(guarantee) my love for both my classmates and work will be asdeep and lasting as the sea.9 ._ (finish) myspeech, I was amazed and excited to know my 1 0 ._glancedGradually guaranteedHaving finished(appoint) as monitor, indeed!myself being appointed 七 选 五 型 阅 读 理 解 (一 )七 选 五 型 阅 读 理 解 总 体 解 读该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此要求比较高，考生有必要对这类 题型多加练习，以提高自己在这部分的应试能力。 近三年高考七选五型阅读理解所给的材料以说明文为主。该题型的命题形式是给考生一篇 3 0 0 词左右的短文，命题人有目的地在文章中去除 5 处信息，并提供 7 个备选选项，要求考生从 7 个选项中选出 5 个合适的选项对应地填回原文 5 处空缺处。1考 查 要 点这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，即不仅要有阅读速度，还要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息有所了 解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次，只有了解了这一切，才能比较准确地确定应该选择哪个选项。 不过，只要了解了这种新题型所考查的要点，出题位置，在阅读文章时有意识地加强对文章写作思路和结构组织安排的理解，掌握英语文章常见的几种写作结构，对迅速增强此类新题型的应对能力还是非常有帮助的。2出 题 位 置(1 )句子(段首，段中，段尾，缺 1 句或 1 个以上的句子)(2 )段落(一般是一段) 该节分为两个部分：主干部分和选项部分。主干部分的原文约 3 0 0 词，其中有 5 段空白处，空白处的位置可能在段首、段中、段末，但一般情况下不会是文章的第一句，也不会是最 后一句。选项部分为 7 个句子，其中 5 句分属于主干部分的空白处。要求考生依据自己对文章的理解从选项中选择 5 个句子放回到文章中相应的 5 段空白处。3文 章 结 构(1 )描述性结构(主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，对人物的描述如传记，包括人身体特征、家庭背景、成长过程、个性爱好、成就贡献等内容进行描述，因此时间、地点往往是出题 重点) (2 )释义性结构(解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用例子/比喻/类比/阐述) (3 )比较性结构(把两个人或事物功能、特点、优缺点进行对比) (4 )原因性结构(这种结构主要分析事物的成因，客观的、主观的、直接的、间接的)(5 )驳斥性结构(这种结构主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，接下来分析其优点缺点、危害性，最后阐明自己的观点)
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