语法：直接引语变间接引语

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,UNIT TWO:DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH,Direct speech,直接引语,Reported speech,间接引语.,直接引述别人的,话，要加引号,用自己的话转述,别人的话，不用,引号,直接引语变间接引语，即变为宾语从句主要需要,注意以下五点：,1.宾语从句必须用陈述语序。,2.主句时态决定从句时态：如果主句为一般现在时，,从句可以用任何时态（原题给的啥时态就用啥时态）；,如果主句为一般过去式，从句必须要用所给时态的,对应的过去式。,3.引导词。,4.人称的转换。,5.时间状语的转换。,1.,陈述句,直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）,一般现在时 He said, “Im afraid I cant finish this work.”,现在进行时,He said, “Im eating an apple.”,一般将来时 Tom said to me “Ill go to Shanghai next week”,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he was eating an apple,.,Tom told me that he would go to Shanghai the next week.,2. 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要,把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。,1）一般疑问句。用whether或if引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。,Eg. Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”,Eg. “Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?”the,motheraskedtheboy.,Heasked mewhetherIwasastudent.,Themotheraskedtheboyifhewassorryforwhathehaddone.,Thefatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing.,2）特殊疑问句。仍用原来的疑问词引导。,Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”thefatheraskedhisson.,Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”,3. 祈使句。句型：tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth,Eg.“Writeyournamesonyourpapersfirst,”the,teachersaidtous.,The policeman asked the small boy where he lived.,Theteachertoldustowriteournameson ourpapersfirst.,直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，,时间状语,由“现在”改为“原来”。,（例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore,today,变为 that day,He said, “I want to go swimming,now,. ”, He said he wanted to go swimming,then,.,地点状语,，尤其表示方向性的，,here 变 there,The teacher said ,“ You should come,here,at 7:00.”,The teacher said I should go,there,at 7:00.,指示代词,修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”,例：this改为that,Hesaid,This,booksismine.“,Hesaid,that,book washis.,this,that,these,those,now,then,that day,today,yesterday,the day before,tomorrow,the next day,next week（month，year）,the next week(month, year),here,there,come,go,this week,that week,如果主句是,一般现在时,，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。,He says, “Im not good at math. ”,He says that hes not good at math.,1.“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”hisfathersaidtohim.,2.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghaionbusiness,nextmonth.”,3.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimethatyoulefthere.”,Hisfathertoldhimthatheshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.,Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaionbusinessthenextmonth.,Shetoldhimthatitwastimethatheleftthere.,练习,注：,(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。,(2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there，动词come 不必改为go.,(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light travels much faster than sound.,(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。,My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ”,My teacher said Tom is a good student.,练一练,1.She said, “ I often go to the beach on Sunday.”,She said _ _ _ _ to the beach ,2. He said to me, “ Are you learning dancing?”,He _ me _ _ _ learning dancing.,3. Mr Zhang said, “Light travels faster than sound.”,Mr Zhang said _ light _ faster than sound.,4. “Where does Linda come from?” she asked.,She asked _ _ _ from.,5.Our teacher said to us, “ Come to school early.”,Our teacher _ us _ _ to school early.,that she often went,asked if I was,that travels,where Linda came,told to come,练一练,6. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?,Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China?7. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.,He asked me _ the girl _ some help,8. When does the train leave? I want to know.,I want to know _ the train _.,9. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.,Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday,.,10. .How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me?,Could you tell me how _ _ on with _ new classmates?,if enjoys,if needed,when leaves,if came,he gets his,相信你能行,1. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,2. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.,A. had B. has . C. will have D. are,3. She asked Linda if_ go and get some.,A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may,4. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?,A. who B. what C. when D. that,5. Please tell me _ last year.,A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work,C where your sister works D. where your sister worked,6. He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening.,A.what B. if C.that D. how,7. He asked me _told me the accident.,A whom B which C who D whose,A. took,B. take,C. takes,D. will take,A,C,B,C,D,C,C,自我测试,1. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.,A. when does he come B. how will he come,C. whether hell come D. if he comes 2. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is?,A. what B. how C. whether D. where,3. Tom asked my friend _.,A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon,C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry,4. Let me tell you _.,A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost,C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car,5. Did you know _?,A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for,C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after,C,D,D,D,A,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be),The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go),Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.,I hear they _ (return) it yesterday.,He said that they _TV at nine last night . (watch),He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do),The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel),I think you _ about YaoMing now. (talk),I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,returned,was watching,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter.,(write),11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move),round the earth.,12. Could you tell me who _ away the book,last night? (take),13. Ling Feng told me he _ to London last year. (go),14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the,east. (rise),15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,took,went,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句:,1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked.,2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?,3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked.,4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said.,5. “I will come back.” Tom said.,6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked.,8. “How can I get to the station?”,Could you tell me?,9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?,10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,