汉英翻译之二

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,汉英翻译之二,译者素养,庚寅年仲春初二,1,汉译英标准,达意,达情（达意之一）,达文体,2,汉译英标准举例,好久不见了！,Long time, no see！,昨晚我看了场电影。,Last night I watched a movie.,车走了。,The car is gone.,3,译者素养与意识,语言要好,态度端正,用户至上,老外校正,产品检查,4,但,三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。,Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the master mind.,江郎才尽,Jiang Yans literary talent is at an ebb.,东施效颦,寿比南山 完璧归赵,邯郸学步 赔了夫人又折兵,imitate others slavishly and thus lose ones individuality,5,语言功底深厚,与老一代翻译工作者相比，现在的年轻译者的文学修养亟待提高。从现状来看，年轻译者普遍存有sic.无法深刻解读原著，文字表达过于粗糙的弊病。,-上海翻译家协会副会长 黄源深,6,语法要正确,他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。,He found there were many unreliable points in the geography record which be searched by the people before.,He found there were many unreliable points in the geographic records kept by his predecessors.,7,恰当运用惯用语,（一天，邻居王二婶不小心把钥匙锁在了家里，）很多热心人都前来帮忙，但都无济于事。人们找到他，但被他拒绝了。,Many warm-hearted people came to help, but without any result. People wanted him to help, however, he refused them.,Many warm-hearted neighbors came, but they could do nothing for her. So they turned to him for help, yet met with his refusal.,8,前后要连贯,那人一只大手，向他摊着；一只手却撮着一个鲜红的馒头，那红的还一点一点的往下滴。（鲁迅 药）,This man was thrusting one huge extended hand towards him, while in the other he held a roll of steamed bread, from which crimson drops were dripping to the ground. (杨宪益、戴乃迭 译 ),9,文化知识广博,金陵十二钗,The twelve hairpins of Jinling,The twelve ladies of Jinling,惭愧（哪里，哪里！）,Thank you (for your compliment).,没门儿！,No way!,黄书,Pornographic (blue) books.,久仰!,Nice to meet you!,10,老手 an old hand,浑水摸鱼 to fish in troubled waters,五头牛,Five heads of cattle,好心,Kind-hearted,祸不单行,Misfortunes never come singly.,11,文化不对应,他已成竹在胸。,He has long had fully-grown bamboo in his bosom.,He has long had a well-thought-out plan in his mind.,12,老王和我算是柳家大院最“文明”的人了。“文明”是三孙子。（老舍柳家大院）,Old Wang and I can be counted as the most “civilized” men in the courtyard. “Civilization” is the third grandson.,Old Wang and I are considered the genteel folk in the compound. Gentility, be hanged!,13,心比比干多一窍，病比西子胜三分。（红楼梦）,She looked more sensitive than Pikan, more delicate than His Shih. (Trans. Yang Xianyi),She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan; and suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi. (Trans. David Hawkes),14,（辛楣）一肚皮的酒，几乎全化成了酸醋（围城）,The wine in Hsin-meis stomach turned to sour vinegar in his jealousy.,The considerable amount of wine Hsin-mei had consumed earlier was burning inside and made him sick with jealousy. (Trans. Sun Yifeng),15,练习,老虎,老头,An old man,老兵,An army veteran,老板,A boss,老婆,A wife,老李,Old Li,16,“白象”电池,White Elephant battery,Silver Elephant battery,“金鸡”鞋油,Golden Cock shoe blacking,Golden Rooster Shoe blacking,金鸡奖,Golden Cock Awards,Golden Rooster Awards,17,银耳汤,White fungus soup,Silver mushroom soup,金三角经济开发区,Golden Triangle special economic development zone,Golden Delta special economic development zone,拖后腿,To pull ones legs,To hinder; to be a hindrance to sb.,18,对自己、读者负责,理解原文,严谨周密,勤查字典、百科全书等工具书、多咨询,请讲母语的人校正、修改,检查成品,19,小心压破玻璃受伤,Dont press the glass to get hurt,老人、儿童上扶梯时需由家人陪同,When old mans child go up hand ladder temporary need the family to accompany,洗发香波,Sham Poo,20,文字游戏,熙戏犀,作者：赵元任,西溪犀，喜嬉戏。嵇熙夕夕携犀徙，嵇熙细细习洗犀。犀吸溪，戏袭熙。嵇熙嘻嘻希息戏。惜犀嘶嘶喜袭熙。,21,施氏食狮史,石室诗士施氏，嗜狮，誓食十狮，氏时时适市视狮。十时，适十狮适市。是时适施氏适市。氏视十狮恃矢势，使十狮逝世。氏拾是十狮尸，适石室。石室湿，氏使侍拭石室。石室拭，氏始试食是十狮尸。食时始识十狮尸，实十石狮尸。试释是事。,22,赵公生平,赵元任(1892-1982)，字宣仲，又字宜重，江苏武进(今常州)人，生于天津。1910年为游美学务处第2批留学生，入美国康奈尔大学，主修数学，1914年获理学士学位。1918年获哈佛大学哲学博士学位。1919年任康奈尔大学物理讲师。1920年回国任清华学校心理学及物理教授。1921年再入哈佛大学研习语音学，继而任哈佛大学哲学系讲师、中文系教授。1925年6月应聘到清华国学院任导师，指导范围为“现代方言学”、“中国音韵学”、“普通语言学”等。1929年6月底国学研究院结束后，被中央研究院聘为历史语言研究所研究员兼语言组主任，同时兼任清华中国文学系讲师，授“音韵学”等课程。1938年起在美国任教。,23,席棚里电灯辉粕，扎竹涂泥的壁上贴满了 红绿纸条，写的是本店拿手菜名，什么“清蒸甲鱼”、“本地名腿”、“三鲜米 线”、“牛奶咖啡”等等。十几张饭桌子一大半有人占了。掌柜写账的桌子边坐个胖女人坦白地摊开白而不坦的胸膛，喂孩子吃奶；奶是孩子吃的饭，所以也该在饭堂吃，证明这旅馆是科学管理的。,（围城五章）,A fatwoman plainly and publicly displaying her fair but not so flat bosom, was feeding her baby.,(Trans. Jeanne kelly, Nathan K. Mao),24,奥巴马访华时，对胡总书记说：他终于明白了中国文化其实就是吃的文化。比如：谋生叫糊口，岗位叫饭碗；受雇叫混饭，花积蓄叫吃老本；混得好叫吃得开，占女人便宜叫吃豆腐；女人漂亮叫秀色可餐，女人多了叫吃不消，受人欢迎叫吃香；受到照顾叫吃小灶，不顾他人叫吃独食；受人伤害叫吃亏，男女嫉妒叫吃醋；犹豫不决叫吃不准，不能胜任叫干什么吃的；付不起责任叫吃不了兜着走，办事不力叫吃干饭。胡总书记听后很生气，说：我们应该好好总结一下中美关系，你却总结中国文化，是不是吃多了.,25,第二位汪太太过了门没生孩子，只生病。在家养病反把这病养 家了，不肯离开她，所以她终年娇弱得很，愈使她的半老丈夫由怜而怕。,（围城七章）,She had begun by nursing her illness at home only to end up making a home for her illness. (Trans. Jeanne kelly, Nathan K. Mao),26,What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties, in form and moving how express （expressive, significative）and admirable, in action how like an angel, in apprehension how like a god! the beauty of the world, the paragon of animalsand yet, to me, what is this quintessence of dust? Man delights not menor woman neither, though by your smiling you seem to say so.,Hamlet,2.2.303-12,27,Polonius:,My liege, and madam, to expostulateWhat majesty should be, what duty is,What day is day, night night, and time is time,Were nothing but to waste night, day, and time;Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,And tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes,I will be brief. Your noble son is mad. . . .,Hamlet Act 2, scene 2, 8692,28,第五十二回诸葛亮智辞鲁肃赵子龙计取桂阳,却说周瑜见孔明袭了南郡，又闻他袭了荆襄，如何不气？气伤箭疮，半晌方苏，众将再三劝解。瑜曰：“若不杀诸葛村夫，怎息我心中怨气！程德谋可助我攻打南郡，定要夺还东吴。”正议间，鲁肃至。瑜谓之曰：“吾欲起兵与刘备、诸葛亮共决雌雄，复夺城池。子敬幸助我。”鲁肃曰：“不可。方今与曹操相持，尚未分成败；主公现攻合淝不下。不争自家互相吞并，倘曹兵乘虚而来，其势危矣。况刘玄德旧曾与曹操相厚，若逼得紧急，献了城池，一同攻打东吴，如之奈何？”瑜曰：“吾等用计策，损兵马，费钱粮，他去图现成，岂不可恨！”肃曰：“公瑾且耐。容某亲见玄德，将理来说他。若说不通，那时动兵未迟。”,29,诸将曰：“子敬之言甚善。”于是鲁肃引从者径投南郡来，到城下叫门。赵云出问，肃曰：“我要见刘玄德有话说。”云答曰：“吾主与军师在荆州城中。”肃遂不入南郡，径奔荆州。见旌旗整列，军容甚盛，肃暗羡曰：“孔明真非常人也！”军士报入城中，说鲁子敬要见。孔明令大开城门，接肃入衙。讲礼毕，分宾主而坐。茶罢，肃曰：“吾主吴侯，与都督公瑾，教某再三申意皇叔，前者，操引百万之众，名下江南，实欲来图皇叔；幸得东吴杀退曹兵，救了皇叔。所有荆州九郡，合当归于东吴。今皇叔用诡计，夺占荆襄，使江东空费钱粮军马，而皇叔安受其利，恐于理未顺。”,30,孔明曰：“子敬乃高明之士，何故亦出此言？常言道：物必归主。荆襄九郡，非东吴之地，乃刘景升之基业。吾主固景升之弟也。景升虽亡，其子尚在；以叔辅侄，而取荆州，有何不可？”肃曰：“若果系公子刘琦占据，尚有可解；今公子在江夏，须不在这里！”孔明曰：“子敬欲见公子乎？”便命左右：“请公子出来。”只见两从者从屏风后扶出刘琦。琦谓肃曰：“病躯不能施礼，子敬勿罪。”鲁肃吃了一惊，默然无语，良久，言曰：“公子若不在，便如何？”孔明曰：“公子在一日，守一日；若不在，别有商议。”肃曰：“若公子不在，须将城池还我东吴。”孔明曰：“子敬之言是也。”遂设宴相待。,31,宴罢，肃辞出城，连夜归寨，具言前事。瑜曰：“刘琦正青春年少，如何便得他死？这荆州何日得还？”肃曰：“都督放心。只在鲁肃身上，务要讨荆襄还东吴。”瑜曰：“子敬有何高见？”肃曰：“吾观刘琦过于酒色，病入膏肓，现今面色羸瘦，气喘呕血，不过半年，其人必死。那时往取荆州，刘备须无得推故。”周瑜犹自忿气未消，忽孙权遣使至。瑜令请入。使曰：“主公围合淝，累战不捷。特令都督收回大军，且拨兵赴合淝相助。”周瑜只得班师回柴桑养病，令程普部领战船士卒，来合淝听孙权调用。,32,