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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/11/30,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Present perfect tense,现在完成时,构成,:,用法一：,表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,.,现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果,.,have/has,+,过去分词,2,2020/11/30,1.,都表示过去发生的事,2.,现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；,3.,一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（,last, ago, yesterday, etc.,）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,3,2020/11/30,eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00,He has had his breakfast.,2. When did you come here?,I watched the football match on TV at 9:00.,4,2020/11/30,什么时候使用现在完成时？,5,2020/11/30,表示现在完成时的时间副词,6,2020/11/30,一、,already,和,yet,常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。,yet,在否定句中有“还”之意。,“,Has the bus left yet”?,“Yes. It has already left.”,(“No. It hasnt left yet.),“,汽车开走了吗？”,“是的，已经开走了。”,“不，还没有开走。 ”,7,2020/11/30,二、 “,already”,用于现在完成时的肯定句中, “yet”,用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中,.,用“,already” “yet”,填空。,He has ( ) visited many places in China.,注意,already,在句中的两种位置,.,The train hasnt arrived,（ ）,.,火车（到现在）还没有到。,Has she arrived,（ ）,?,她已经到了吗？,Hasnt he come,（ ）,?,她还没来吗？,already,yet,yet,yet,8,2020/11/30,三、,ever,和,never,也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。,“,Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.”,“你曾经看过这部影片吗？” “没有， 从来没看过。”,Nobody in our class has ever been there.,我们班没有人去过那。,9,2020/11/30,四、,just, recently,是完成时的时间状语，,just now,有,a moment ago,之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。,The train has just arrived.,火车刚到。,Did you see Joan just now?,你刚才看到琼了吗？,Have you heard from your family lately/recently?,你最近收到家人的来信了吗？,10,2020/11/30,五、,since,短语或从句表示过去的动,作延续至今，,since,之后的时间为一点,。,Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.,1984,年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。,Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.,他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。,11,2020/11/30,六、,for,短语表示动作延续多长时,间，,for,的宾语为时间段。,We have known each other for twenty years.,我们认识有二十年了。,I havent seen her for a long time.,我好久没有见到她了。,12,2020/11/30,The dog,has been dead,for three days.,She,has been had,(buy) the book for two week,这是为什么呢？,牛津版初中英语八年级下,13,2020/11/30,Grammar :,表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来,Mike,borrowed,the books two days ago.,Mike,has kept,the books for two days.,14,2020/11/30,He has bought the book.,He has bought the book for a week.,He has had the book for a week.,有些动词不能和,for, since, how long,等连用,15,2020/11/30,She has bought the computer for two years.,had,buy,have/has,had,16,2020/11/30,How long have you come to the United States,？,been in,come to,have/has,been in,17,2020/11/30,Ann has gone to China since three months ago.,been in,go to,have/has,been in,18,2020/11/30,I have got to Paris for one week .,been in,got to,have/has,been in,19,2020/11/30,My brother has joined the army for five years.,been in,been a soldier,join,have/has,been in,have/has,been a soldier,20,2020/11/30,I have left Shanghai for 3 days.,been away from Shanghai,leave,have/has,been away,21,2020/11/30,The film has begun for 10 minutes.,been on,begin,have/has,been on,22,2020/11/30,I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago .,kept,borrow,have/has,kept,23,2020/11/30,The concert has finished for half an hour.,been over,finish,have/has,been over,24,2020/11/30,His dog has died for two years .,been dead,die,have/has,been dead,25,2020/11/30,She has married for six years .,been married,marry,have/has,been married,26,2020/11/30,切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：,buy,borrow,open close,leave die,join begin,-have,- keep,-be open,-be closed,-be away,-be dead,-be a member of -be on,27,2020/11/30,常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变,arrive/come/go to die,become a borrow,Leave/ move,buy open,join,start/begin finish/ end,catch a cold get up,get to know get out,close wake up,go to sleep,become interested in,be in,be dead,have,keep,be away / be out,be a,be in/a member of,be open,be on,be over,have a cold,be up,know,be out,be closed,be awake,be asleep/ sleep,be interested in,28,2020/11/30,标志词：for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点,these years, so far, in the past/last years,We _ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000.,Mr. Green _ (be) in China these years.,They _(write) 15 songs so far.,The population _ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.,have learned,has been,have written,has grown,29,2020/11/30,Exercises,His father has died. (for 2 years),The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m),The twins have joined the army. (since they are 18years old),My teacher has just,left Nanjing. (for 3 days),His father,has been dead,for 2 years.,The football match,has been on,since 9:00 a.m.,The twins,have been soldiers,/,been in the army,since they are 18years old.,My teacher,has been away from Nanjing,for 3 days,30,2020/11/30,Correcting,1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months.,2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.,3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.,4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.,5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold?,have kept,has been in/ been a member of the army,since 5 years ago/ for 5 years,came,did,catch,31,2020/11/30,6. Ten years have passed since they got married.,7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.,8.What time have the factory opened?,9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice,has,has been in,did,open,been to,32,2020/11/30,含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。,She has worked for ten years.,.,.,.,She,began to work,ten years,ago.,She has worked,since ten years ago,.,It is,ten years,since,she,began to work.,Ten years,has passed,since,she,began to work.,提升与补充,33,2020/11/30,重点句型,:It is/ has been+,段时间,+since,从句 段时间,+has passed+ since,从句,eg.,他死了两年了：,He died two years ago.,He has been dead for two years /since two years ago,It is/ has been two years since he died.,Two years has passed since he died.,34,2020/11/30,这本书我借了一个月了。,I borrowed this book a month ago.,It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.,I have kept the book for a month. /since a month ago.,A month has passed since I borrowed the book.,35,2020/11/30,have/has gone to have/has been in have/has been to,1.A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei?,B: He _his school library.,2.The Greens _China for three years.,We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.,has gone to,have been in,have been to,B,A,A,B,B,stay,A,36,2020/11/30,她以前曾去过上海。,She has been to Shanghai before.,他在上海,10,年了。,She has been in Shanghai for ten years,他去上海了。,He has gone to Shanghai.,37,2020/11/30,Have/has gone tohave/has been to have/has been in,have/has gone to:,已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；,have/has been to:,曾今去过某地，现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语,;,have/has been in:,表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。,38,2020/11/30,Exercises,Tom,在哪儿？ 他去书店买书了。,我在北京待了,5,年了。,Jack,去过上海两次了,-Where is Tom?,-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.,I have been in Beijing for 5 years.,Jack has been to Shanghai twice.,39,2020/11/30,Bye-bye!,40,2020/11/30,人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，,明辨是非的能力。,所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，,古人说“书中自有黄金屋。,”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，,培养逻辑思维能力；,通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，,培养文学情趣；,通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。,有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，,给我们巨大的精神力量，,鼓舞我们前进,。,
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