21世纪高等继续教育教材 大学英语教程 第四册

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,21,世纪高等继续教育精品教材,大学英语教程,第四册,主编 何晓勤 廖根福,中国人民大学出版社,MENU,Unit 1,Unit 2,Unit 3,Unit 4,Unit 5,Unit 6,Unit 7,Unit 8,Unit 9,Unit 10,Unit 11,Unit 12,Unit 1,PART Communication Skills,Expressing Likes and Dislikes,PART Text A,Beijing Opera,PART Text B,Chinese Wushu,PART Writing Work,Paragraph Writing: How to Make a Topic Sentence,Expressing Likes and Dislikes,PART Communication Skills,Words to Know,dormitory,学生宿舍,melodious,（旋律）优美的,Confucianism,儒学,instructive,有教益的,enlightening,有启发作用的，使人领悟的,appeal to,投,所好,be fed up with,对,厌倦,cater to,迎合,in particular,特别是,Short Conversations,Useful Sentences & Expressions,Whats your favorite book?,你最喜欢什么书？,I like football best.,我最喜欢足球。,He likes collecting stamps.,他喜欢集邮。,I love traveling by myself.,我喜欢独自旅行。,Some people enjoy skiing.,有人喜欢滑雪。,Id rather read than watch TV.,我宁愿读书而不愿看电视。,Which do you prefer, fishing or mountainclimbing?,钓鱼和登山，你更喜欢哪一种？,I prefer tea to coffee.,和咖啡相比，我更喜欢茶。,Hes crazy/mad about Yao Ming.,他疯狂喜爱姚明。,She has a particular interest in painting.,她特别爱好绘画。,He has a passion for Buddhism.,他很热衷于佛教。,She is fond of teaching.,她喜欢当老师。,Does his film appeal to you?,你喜欢他的电影吗？,This magazine caters to her taste.,她喜欢这本杂志。,I find French movies more to my liking than American movies.,我觉得法国电影比美国电影更合我胃口。,I never grow tired of novels though I read them every day.,我每天看小说，但从没厌烦过。,He is not keen on modern dancing.,他不热衷于现代舞。,She hates boxing.,她讨厌拳击。,She is fed up with housework.,她厌倦了做家务。,She is sick of watching boxing.,她厌恶观看拳击。,What do you dislike most about this movie?,这部电影里你最不喜欢什么？,I cant bear/stand the traffic noise.,我忍受不了交通噪音。,Playing volleyball just isnt my cup of tea.,我不喜欢打排球。,He doesnt care too much for classical music.,他不太喜欢古典音乐。,Useful Expressions and Phrases Related,the goal of education,教育目的,university (,综合性,),大学,attach importance to education,重视教育,science student,理科学生,quality-oriented education,素质教育,engineering student,工科学生,exam-oriented education,应试教育,campus,大学校园,cheat in exams,考试作弊,bachelors degree,学士学位,creative thinking,创造性思维,masters degree,硕士学位,study load,学习负担,doctors degree,博士学位,diploma,文凭,educational reform,教育改革,IQIntelligence Quotient,智商,educational system,教育体制,EQEmotional Quotient,情商,adult education,成人教育,the entrance exam,入学考试,quality of teaching,教学质量,poverty-stricken students,贫困学生,private school,私立学校,teenager drop-outs,失学少年,grant,助学金,the Hope Project,希望工程,scholarship,奖学金,quit from school,辍学,undergraduate,本科生,be tired of school,厌学,the cost of higher education,高等教育的费用,research and publication,科研与著述,tuition,学费,elementary school,小学,teaching assistant,助教,middle school,中学,part-time student,非全日制学生,junior high school,初中,school of business,商学院,senior high school,高中,MBA program,工商管理硕士课程,course/program,课程,study abroad,留学,liberal arts,文科,brain drain,人才流失,liberal education,人文教育,transcript,成绩单,humanities,人文,4-year path,四年制,paper,论文,cram (,考前,),死记硬背,thesis,毕业论文,faculty (,学校里的,),教职人员,Role-Play Oral Practice,Beijing Opera,PART Text A,New Words and Expressions,reign,统治,troupe,剧团,integration,综合,repertoire,剧目,profound,深刻的，意义深远的,incomparable,无与伦比的,synthesis,综合,mime,哑剧，模拟表演,acrobatic,杂技的，特技的,treacherous,背叛的,percussion,打击乐器,cymbal,铙钹,embroidery,刺绣品,aesthetic,美学的，审美的,combine with,与,结合,engage in,从事，参与,Language Points of the Text,national treasure,国宝，国粹。,with a history of,有,年的历史。除,with,外，还可以用动词,enjoy,表示享有悠久的历史。,China enjoys a history of five thousand years.,中国享有五千年的历史。,Troupe,剧团，指四处巡演的戏班子。,combine with,与,结合，与,联合。,Some films combine education with recreation.,有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。,theatric circle,戏剧界。,circle,有圈子的意思，代表了有同一兴趣或活动的一群人。,I have a circle of friends here.,在这里我有一群朋友。,well-known in artistic circles,在艺术圈里闻名。,3. Through a period of more than half a century of combination and integration of various kinds of opera there evolved the present Beijing Opera, the biggest kind of opera in China, whose richness of repertoire, great number of artists of performance and of audiences, and profound influence are incomparable in China.,这个长句是一个状语从句。从句首,through a period of,到,kinds of opera,是句子的前置状语部分，交代了京剧形成的历史背景；从,there evolved,到句末,incomparable in China,是句子的主干部分，主语为,the present Beijing Opera,，主干中还包括了一个同位语,the biggest kind of opera inChina,，以及一个定语从句,whose richness of repertoire, great number of artists of performance and of audiences, and profound influence,。整句话讲的是京剧在当今中国的重要价值。,combination and integration,融合和综合。,evolve,使发展：逐渐发展或完成。,evolve a style of ones own,逐渐形成了自己的风格。,The British political system has evolved over several centuries.,英国政治体制是经过几个世纪逐步形成的。,repertoire,常备剧目；又指某一个演员或剧团随时准备表演的全部歌曲、戏剧、歌剧、读物或其他作品。,incomparable,无比的，无双的，无可匹敌的。,This revised edition is incomparable with the earlier ones.,这一修订本不可与先前的版本同日而语。,synthesis,综合：把分别的元素或物质连接成连贯的一个整体。与,combination,和,integration,意,思相近。,analysis by synthesis,综合分析。,stylized,程式化的， 按固定格式的。以,-ize,结尾的单词常表示“,化” 的意思， 如：,globalize,全球化，,modernize,现代化，,urbanize,城市化等。,depict,描写，描述，与,represent,意思相近。,The author is well-known for his depicting the horrors of war.,这个作家因描述战争的恐怖而出名。,treacherous,背叛的，不忠的,(to),，奸诈的。,treacherous action,背叛行为。,He was cruel, treacherous and unscrupulous.,他残忍、奸诈、不择手段。,manifest,显示：清楚地显示或表示；显现。,He doesnt manifest much interest in his studies.,他表现出对学业没有多大兴趣。,engage in,从事，参与。,He has engaged in farming for 20 years.,他从事耕作已有二十年。,我们可以从此句中学习到很多中国传统事物的英文说法，如：才子佳人,geniuses and greatbeauties,，春秋、战国时代,the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period,。,is that of,就是，可以说是。,If I love you, what business is that of yours?,要是我爱你，那关你什么事？,melody,旋律，曲调；,rhythm,节奏。,classify,分类。类似的词还有,group, categorize, sort,等。,classify books by subjects,按学科将图书分类。,accompany,陪伴，伴奏。,在被动语态中，当指的是人时，用在,accompany,后的介词传统上认为只能是,by,，而在其他情况下则用,with,。,The candidate was accompanied by six burly bodyguards.,六个魁梧的保镖陪护着候选人。,我们可以从此句中学习到很多乐器的英文说法，如：,wind instruments,管乐器，,percussion instruments,打击乐器，,stringed instruments,弦乐器，,horn,喇叭，,flute,长笛，,gong,锣。,graceful, magnificent, elegant and brilliant,都是形容华丽的词。,graceful,优美的， 雅致的；,magnificent,华丽的（衣服，装饰等），豪华的；,elegant,风雅的，雅致的；,brilliant,鲜明的，鲜艳的。,embroidery,刺绣；绣制品。,be of,具有，达到（某种水平）。如：,be of an age,达到（做某事的）年龄。,aesthetic,美学的，审美的。如：,the aesthetic faculties,审美能力。,facial make-up,脸谱。京剧里的脸谱有两种，一种是用颜料画在脸上的,facial painting,，另一种是面具,mask,，可以在瞬间“变脸”。,numerous,为数众多的；许多的。,修饰单数集合名词，表示由多数人形成的，人数多的。,修饰复数名词，表示许多的,无数的。,Comprehension of the Text,Chinese Wushu,PART Text B,New Words and Expressions,martial,尚武的,component,成分,punch,用拳头猛击,cleave,劈,thrust,插，戳，刺,mobility,活动性，灵活性,attain,达到，获得,combat,战斗，格斗,sparring,拳击,exhibit,展出，陈列,demonstration,示范,shift,转移，改变,discipline,训练，修养,recreational,休养的，娱乐的,participate,参与，参加,vie,竞争,as such,照此，像这样,first and foremost,首先，首要地,adopt as,采用，批准,Language Points of the Text,component,部分，成分，与,element,意思相近。,Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.,刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。,注意,with,在这里引领的状语，可以使句子变得清晰利落。在介绍人或物时，如遇到定语过长或较复杂的情况，就可以考虑用,with,将要说明的东西补充在主句后。,literally,照字面地，逐字地。,反义词：,figuratively,比喻地，象征性地。,punch,用拳头打击。,I wanted to punch him for his betrayal.,因为他的背叛，我想狠狠揍他一顿。,thrust,插，刺，戳；猛推。,He thrusted the dagger into the guards side.,他将匕首刺进警卫的腰部。,Related to each style are basic forms, or sequences, which may involve defense strategies, offense, retreat, mobility and immobility, speed and slowness, hard or soft postures, emptiness and fullness, with or without weapons.,本句使用了倒装的语序，强调,basic forms, or sequences,。正常的语序应该为,basic forms, or sequences are related to each style.,defense,防守。,构词：前缀,de-,来自拉丁语，意为“,away from,”，所以这个前缀的意义之一就是“离开”，“分离”。,deport,驱逐出境；,deduce,推断；,derail,脱轨。,Delete his name from the list of members.,把他的名字从成员名单上除去。,mobility and immobility,动与静。,构词：,im-,是表示否定的前缀，表示“不”、“无”、“非”等否定意义。,imbalance,不平衡的；,immoral,不道德的；,impossible,不可能的。,表示否定的前缀除了,im-,还有,in-,，,il-,及,ir-,。区别如下：,以字母,b,，,m,，,p,开头的单词，其否定前缀用,im-,。,以字母,l,开头的单词否定前缀用,il-,。如：,illegal,不合法的；,illogical,不合逻辑的。,以字母,r,开头的单词否定前缀用,ir-,。如：,irrelative,无关系的；,irregular,不规则的。,以其他字母开头的单词否定前缀用,in-,。如：,inhuman,不人道的；,incorrect,不正确的。,attain,达到，获得。,attain high office,获得高级职位；,eventually attain wisdom,最终获取智慧。,integral,构成整体所必需的；固有的。,The kitchen is an integral part of a house.,厨房是房子不可缺的部分。,as such,照此，像这样，就这一点而论。,A name, as such, means nothing.,姓名本身并无意义。,first and foremost,首先，首要地。,Hes written many different kinds of things, but hes first and foremost a novelist.,他写过许多不同性质的东西，但他首先是位小说家。,bear,关系，关联；相关的关系或内部联系。,Those issues have no bearing on our situation.,那些问题与我们的情况无关。,combat,搏斗，格斗。,The combat between good and evil will continue forever.,善与恶的斗争将永远继续下去。,exhibit,呈现；呈现给他人看。意思与,display, show,相近。,He rolled up his sleeve to exhibit the scar.,他卷起袖子露出伤疤。,classify into,分类，分等。,People who work in libraries spend a lot of time classifying books.,在图书馆工作的人花大量的时间为书籍分类。,armed (with),武装了的，有准备的。,The new battleship shall be armed with 16-inch guns.,新战舰将以,16,英寸口径的大炮武装起来。,weaponry,（ 总称）武器，兵器，相当于,weapons collectively,。,in terms of,按照，依据，用,词句，从,说来。,He often talks about his girlfriend in terms of love.,他经常用充满爱意的语言谈论他的女朋友。,offensive and defensive,攻防兼具的。,consist of,由,组成。,A week consists of seven days.,一周由七天组成。,demonstration,示范，实证。,She gave us a demonstration of the machine to show how it worked.,她给我们作示范，说明怎样操作这台机器。,shift 改变，转变。,His eyes shifted to the telephone.他的目光转向了 机。,discipline 训练；修养；磨炼：为具有某一特定性格或行为方式而进行的训练，尤指为在道德和智力上的进步改善而进行的训练。,She never disciplines her children and they are uncontrollable.她从不管教自己的孩子，导致他们无法无天。,recreational 消遣的：属于或与娱乐有关的。,There are few recreational facilities in our school.我们学校里几乎没有什么娱乐设施。,adopt as 采用，批准。,adopt a new idea 采纳新意见；adopt a constitutional amendment 通过一项宪法修正案。,vie 竞争，与compete 的意思相近。,They are old rivals vying with each other for first place.他们是彼此争夺第一名的老对手。,Comprehension of the Text,Paragraph Writing: How toMake a Topic Sentence,PART Writing Work,1.,主题句的构成和支配思想,段落（特别是论述文的段落）大多由三部分组成：主题句、扩展句和结尾句。主题句或表明作者的观点、态度，或概括本段的主题思想，是段落发展的依据。主题句写得好坏与否，将直接决定一段文章的成败。,主题句通常由主题（,Topic,）和主导内容（,Controlling Idea,）两部分组成。因此，我们在展开段落时，必须紧扣主题句中的主题，即写“什么”或“谁”，以及主导内容，即“怎么样”这两个核心。,2.,如何写好主题句,首先，主题句要写得清楚明了。由于主题句是对本段落的中心思想和内容的概括，因此必须清楚，不能含糊其辞。例如：,To play any kind of musical instrument, one needs to know something about it.,这个主题句范围写得太宽、太含糊其辞了。可改为：,To play any kind of drum requires a good sense of rhythm.,其次，主题句要恰如其分地概括本段文章的内容，既不宜太笼统， 亦不宜太过具体。如果概括的面太宽，则不是一段话就能说清楚。反之，若概括的面太窄，则没有展开讨论的余地。例如：,We bought a TV set yesterday.,3.,主题句的位置,主题句可以出现在一个段落的任何地方，可以在段落的开始，也可以在段落的结尾，还可以在段落的中间，甚至可以隐含在段落中。但以西方人的线性思维方式，主题句大多位于段首。它开门见山地点出问题，便于作者紧扣主题；同时也方便读者迅速而有效地了解主旨，看清作者的意图。,BACK,Unit 2,PART Communication Skills,Expressing Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction and Complaint,PART Text A,Taj Mahal to Resume Night Visits,PART Text B,Spotlight on Copenhagen,PART Writing Work,Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph(Description & Definition),Expressing Satisfaction/Dissatisfactionand Complaint,PART Communication Skills,Words to Know,responsible,负责任的,dependable,可依赖的，可依靠的,bake,烘焙，烤,panel,面板，嵌板，仪表板,unreliable,不可靠的,identification,身份,recommend,推荐,abridged,削减的，删节的,unavailable,得不到的，没有的,fuss,忙乱，大惊小怪,Short Conversations,Useful Sentences & Expressions,Thatll be fine/ OK.,可以的,/,行的。,Its fine/ very nice/great/ perfect/ excellent.,很好,/,棒极了。,Its just what I wanted/ was looking for.,这正是我想要（找）的。,Yes, this seems to be just what I want.,是的，这正是我想要的。,This really isnt too bad.,这还挺不错的。,It couldnt be better.,好极了。,I wouldnt want it more.,我就要定它了。,Im glad you liked / enjoyed it.,我很高兴你喜欢。,To tell the truth, I wasnt very satisfied with it.,说实话，我不是很满意。,Frankly, it is not as as I thought it would be.,坦率地说，没我想像的那么,。,Its too boring/tiring/dry.,太令人生厌了。,Its so annoying.,烦死人了。,Its a bore doing,做,真烦人。,I was a little disappointed.,我有点失望。,I wasnt very happy with it.,我不太满意。,It was quite disappointing.,很令人失望。,I hoped it would/could be better.,我希望能更好些。,He/she is always doing that!,他,/,她总是这么做。,What horrible luck!,运气糟透了。,I cant stand it when people ,当人们,时，我无法忍受。,I do wish you wouldnt,我真的希望你没,就好了。,Do you think you could?,你看你能不能,？,Useful Expressions and Phrases Related,satisfied,满意的,be wild about,对,疯狂,dissatisfied,不满意的,be satisfied with,对,满意,perfect,完美的,be pleased with,对,感到高兴,excellent,极好的,be keen on,对,特别喜爱,terrific,极好的,be crazy about,对,着迷,pleasing,令人高兴的,be content with,对,感到满意,pleased,高兴的,disappointing,令人失望的,superb,极致的,disappointed,失望的,magnificent,意义重大的,boring,令人生厌的,fantastic,绝妙的,reluctant,不情愿的,splendid,美妙的,irritating,令人愤怒的,marvelous,十分美好的,annoying,令人烦躁的,fabulous,绝好的,be dissatisfied with,对,不满意,love,喜爱,be tired of,对,厌烦,enjoy,喜爱,be fed up with,对,烦透了,satisfy,令,满意,complain about,抱怨,dissatisfy,令,不满意,be bored with,对,感到厌烦,Role-Play Oral Practice,Taj Mahal to Resume Night Visits,PART Text A,New Words and Expressions,security,安全,monument,纪念碑,initially,最初，开头,emperor,皇帝，君主,announcement,宣告，发表,official,官员，公务员,celebrate,庆祝，祝贺，举行,anniversary,周年纪念,tourism,观光事业，游览,minister,部长，大臣,ensure,保证，担保，使安全，保证得到,romantic,传奇式的，浪漫的,highlight,精彩场面，最显著部分,ban,禁止，取缔（书刊等）,authority,权威，权威人士，权力，职权,reluctant,不情愿的，勉强的，难得到的，难处理的,expression,表达,reflect,反射，反映，表现,impact,对,发生影响,across the globe,全世界,terror attack,恐怖袭击,blow up,爆炸，炸毁,Language Points of the Text,be to do sth.,表示按计划或安排要做的事。,When are you to leave for home?,你什么时候回家？,这种结构也可用于过去。,was / were to do sth.,表示曾经计划要做的事，但不表明计划是否被执,行，或表示“命运（即命中注定要发生的事）”，而非计划；,was / were to have done sth.,表示未曾实现的计划。,four nights a month,一个月四晚。一个月,n,次是,n times a month,但要注意的是一个月一次是,once a month,一个月两次是,twice a month,。,此句中,built,which was built,是过去分词作非限制性定语，前后要用逗号隔开。,The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.,这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。,each night,可用,every night,代替。,each,和,every,两者都有“每个”的意思，但用法不同。,（,1,）,each,指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”；,every,是指三个以上的人或事物的“全体”，与,all,的意思相近。,He gave a book to each of his parents.,他给他父母各送了一本书。,（,2,）,each,作为形容词时，修饰单数名词，接单数动词；作为代词时，单独使用，接单数动词；放在复数名词和代词后作同位语时，接复数动词。,each of them,后可接单数或复数动词。,every,总是修饰单数名词，后接单数动词。,Each man carries his own bag.,（ 修饰单数名词）各人背自己的包。,as,作“当,的时候”解，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，或某事一发生时另一事立即发生。,Did anybody notice him as he went into the meeting room?,当他走进会议室的时候，有没有人留意到他？,describe sth. as,把,描述为。,I should describe the attempt as a failure/as unsuccessful.,这项尝试我视为失败,/,没成功。,reopen,重开，再开始，再开。,reopen,由前缀,re-,和动词,open,构成。前缀,re-,表示“再一次，重新”，如：,retell, rewrite,。,ensure,确保，担保。,ensure,由前缀,en-,和形容词,sure,构成。,en-,加在一些名词前面，能够使该名词变为相应的动词，意思是“使处于,状态，使成为”，如：,enslave,（,v.,使成为奴隶，奴役），,endanger,（,v.,使,处于危险之中，危害）等。,en-,也可以与形容词结合，使该形容词变为动词，,如 ：,enlarge,（,v.,放大，扩大），,endear,（,v.,使受喜爱），,enrich,（,v.,使富裕），,enable,（,v.,使能够,),等。,attack,攻击，进攻。,The commander decided to attack the enemy on both flanks.,指挥官决定从两侧对敌人发起进攻。,highlight,最突出的部分，最精彩的部分。,The ball was the highlight of the London season.,那次舞会是伦敦社交活动时期的高潮。,be reluctant to,勉强,，不情愿,。,This is a soil reluctant to the plough.,这土地很难耕作。,draw up,草拟。,I was assigned to draw up the first draft of the report.,我被指派草拟报告初稿。,air attack,空袭。,The air bases were subjected to intense air attack.,这些空军基地曾遭受猛烈空袭。,blow up,爆炸，炸毁。,Blow the bridge up.,炸毁这座桥。,expression,表达，表示。,Let this plaque serve as an expression of our esteem.,让此碑来表达我们的敬意。,be made of,用,造成。,be made from,也有“由,构成”的意思。二者的区别是：,be madeof,表示由成品能看出原材料，也就是物理变化；,be made from,则表示由成品看不出原材料，也就是化学变化。,The table is made of wood.,桌子是由木头制成的。,likely,是“可能，也许”的意思，与,possible, probable,意思相近，但用法上有区别。,（,1,）,likely,强调表面上看来有可能，与,probable,意思接近，有时可以互换，但,likely,常暗示从表面迹象来判断，,probable,则经过权衡正反两方面的理由后而相信某事是真实的或大概会发生。常用结构有：,Sb. is likely to do sth.,和,It is likely that.,。,（,2,）,possible,表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。,possible,一般不用表示人的词作主语，但若要用表示人的词作主语，,possible,后接不定式，这个不定式动作的逻辑宾语应是句子的主语，但此时的,possible,已经转意为“容易的”。常用结构有：,Itis possible,（,for sb.,）,to do sth.,和,It is possible that.,。,（,3,）,probable,表示有几分根据的推测，比,possible,表示的可能性大。换句话说，,probable,的“有,可能”，是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。一般不用表示人的词作主语。常用结构有：,Sth. is probable.,和,It is probable that.,。,Comprehension of the Text,Spotlight on Copenhagen,PART Text B,New Words and Expressions,harbor,海港,fantasy,幻想，白日梦,attractive /,吸引人的，有魅力的,castle,城堡,atmosphere,大气，空气，气氛,scale,刻度，尺度,explore,探险，探测，探究,declare,断言，宣称，宣布，宣告，声明,pollution,污染，玷污,palace,宫，宫殿,however,无论如何，可是，仍然，究竟,invade,侵略，侵袭，拥入,aim,对,瞄准,surrender,投降，自首,origin,起源，由来,destroy,破坏，毁坏，消灭,structure,结构，构造，建筑物,concert,音乐会,comedy,喜剧，喜剧性的事情,in search of,寻找,step into,进入,watercolor painting,水彩画,take in,顺便观看（电影）或参观（博物馆等）,Language Points of the Text,change ones mind,改变决定或意见。,Nothing will make me change my mind.,任何事情都不能使我改变主意。,sit,是“坐落”的意思。表示位置的词还有,situate, locate, stand,等。,When does the court of law sit?,法庭在哪里？,in search of,寻找。,They came here in search of new markets for their products.,他们来此为他们的产品寻找新市场。,habor,海港，港口。第二次世界大战中的珍珠港是,Pearl Harbor,。,The storm-beaten ship at length attained the harbor.,那艘受到暴风雨袭击的船终于抵港。,attractive,有吸引力的，引起注意的，引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的。,The store disposed the jewellery in an attractive display.,那间商店把珠宝首饰陈列得琳琅满目。,dream-like,意为“梦一般的，梦幻的”，是由“名词,+,形容词”构成新的复合形容词。英语中有很多这样的复合形容词，如：,fat-free,不含脂肪的，,toll-free,不交费的，,maintenance-free,无须维修的，,dust-free,无尘的，,interest-free,无息的，,care-free,无忧无虑的，,nuclear-weapon-free,无核武器的，,line-dry,一晾就干的，,world-famous,闻名世界的，,stone-deaf,完全聋的，,life-long,终生的，,grass-green,草绿色的，,bloodthirsty,嗜血成性的，,dog-tired,累极了的，,homesick,想家的，,threadbare,穿旧的，,heartsick,沮丧的。,step into,进入。,She got early promotion by stepping into dead mens shoes.,她因补缺而得以提早晋升。,watercolor painting,是水彩画。油画是,oil painting,。,He attained perfection in watercolor painting.,他的水彩画达到了炉火纯青的地步。,human scale,人类尺度，人性化。,It is a company on a human scale.,那是一家很人性化的公司。,explore,勘探，探测；探究，探索。,Caving means exploring the passages underneath the hills.,洞穴探险是指探察山中的通道而进行的活动。,declare,断言，宣称；宣布，宣告，声明；申报。,The Prime Minister declared his intention in the speech.,首相在讲话中声明了自己的意图。,stroll,闲逛，漫步。,The newly married couple strolled hand in hand in the park.,这对新婚夫妇手牵手在公园漫步。,away from,远离，离开。,Music washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life.,音乐从灵魂上洗去日常生活的灰尘。,on duty,上班，值班。,There were over 100 police on duty at the demonstration.,游行期间有,100,多名警察值勤。,however,是英语中常用的转折词，意为“可是，仍然，无论如何，不管怎样”，可放在句首、句中和句尾。,That hotel is undoubtedly a well-furnished hotel, however, they serve a poor apology for decentmeals.,那家饭店装饰得确实够水平,不过其饭菜的质量却有名无实。,for show,为了炫耀，为了装门面。,This antique tea service is just for show.,这套古董茶具只是用来炫耀的。,invade,侵入，侵略，侵袭，拥入。,The generals decision to invade was a costly mistake.,将军作出的入侵决定是个代价惨重的错误。,aim,瞄准，对准。,He aimed his gun at the target, fired and missed it.,他用枪瞄准目标开火，却没有打中。,both sides,两面，两边。,Both sides offered statistics to bolster their arguments.,双方都拿出统计数字来支持各自的论点。,surrender,投降，自首。,The enemy were forced to make an unconditional surrender.,敌军被迫无条件投降。,almost,几乎，差不多。,The school was attended almost entirely by local children.,上这个学校读书的几乎全是当地的孩子。,destroy,破坏，毁坏；消灭；打破，使失败。,The ancient town was literally destroyed by a big fire.,这座古老的城市完完全全毁于大火。,date from,始于，起源于，可以追溯到,，与,date back to,同义。,When did this mistake date from/ back to?,这段错误要追溯至何时,?,have fun,玩得开心。,The party is really neat. We have good fun.,这次聚会真是美妙极了。我们玩得非常开心。,take in,有“顺便观看（电影）或参观（博物馆等）”之意。,His little sister wanted to go with him to take in a film.,他的小妹妹想跟他一起去看电影。,fairy tale,神话故事，童话，谎言。,The child devours fairy tales.,这孩子专心地听着童话故事。,Comprehension of the Text,Paragraph Writing: How to Develop aParagraph,PART Writing Work,一、描述法（,Description,）,1.,按程序或步骤描述,用于描述制作程序、操作步骤或实验过程等。描述程序应严格按程序发生的先后来组句和发展段落。描述程序时使用的承接词与列举法相同，如：,first, second/then, third/next, finally,等，但顺序不可颠倒。,2.,按时间顺序描述,主要用于讲故事、叙述某人的一生或某段经历以及事物的发生、发展和变化等。像程序描述法一样，它实际上也是列举法的一种特殊形式，是一系列事件按照时间顺序的排列。其表达方式可用顺序承接词，如：,first,，,second,及,the next thing,，,the next event,等。,3,按空间顺序描述,用于对客