初高中英语语法衔接——代词

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,代 词,pronoun,学习目标,（,1,）常见代词类型的基本用法；,（,2,）易混不定代词的区别；,（,3,）,it,的用法,学情分析,（,1,）对代词的基本功能和用法掌握不扎实；,（,2,）在使用时，未判断所指代内容，单凭语感解题；,（,3,）易混代词的用法特点不能把握。,代词,（,The Pronoun,）用来代替名词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子的词。,代词分为,九类,：,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、,指示代词,、疑问代词、连接代词、,不定代词,、关系代词。,代词,数,人,称,类别,单数,复数,一,二,三,一,二,三,主格,I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they,宾格,me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them,汉语,我,你,他,她,它,我们,你们,他们,一、人称代词,(Personal Pronouns),二、物主代词,(Possessive Pronouns),表示所属关系的代词,数,人称,类别,单数,复数,一,二,三,一,二,三,形容词性物主代词,my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their,名词性物主代词,mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs,汉语,我的,你的,他的,她的,它的,我们的,你们的,他们的,常用形容词性物主代词构成的固定短语,do ones homework do/ try ones best,lose one way hold ones breath,make up ones mind earn ones living,make ones way,try ones luck/fortune,一路前进,三、反身代词,人,称,数,第,一人称,第,二人称,第,三人称,单,数,myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,复,数,ourselves,yourselves,themselves,反身代词的习惯搭配,介词反身代词,for oneself 为自己；亲自地,to oneself 对自己；独用,of oneself 自动地,by oneself 独自地,反身代词常用固定短语,dress oneself help oneself,enjoy oneself teach oneself,devote oneself to,seat oneself,come to onself,behave oneself,abandon oneself to,致力于,坐下,恢复知觉,1. Your car is bigger than mine, but mine is newer than_.,2. Shall _ go to the park by car ?,3. -Whos _ speaking?,- _ is Peter speaking.,4. The pen is hers. She wrote her name with it _.,5. Thats not his. It is_. I made it myself.,6. The public expressed_ concern,about the accident.,yours,we / I,that,This,herself,their,mine,四、指示代词,This,gift is for you and,that,one is,for your brother.,I love,these,books but I dont like,those,.,近指,远指,单数,复数,五、相互代词,each other,one another,W,e all eager to learn from each other.,P,eople should love one another.,六、疑问代词,who, whom,whose,which,what,Who,is he ?,Whom / Who,are you writing to ?,Whose,bag is this ?,I found two books .,Which,is yours?,What,has happened?,-,What,is your father?,-He is a doctor.,Whats,the weather,like,in summer?,七、不定代词,不明确指代某个人或物,不定代词主要有：,all,、,each,、,every,、,both,、,either,、,neither,、,one,、,none,、,little,、,few,、,many,、,much,、,other,、,another,、,some,、,any,、,no,等。,还有由,some,、,any,、,no,和,every,构成合成代词。,考点,1,some & any , many & much, (a) few & (a) little,1. Would you like _ tea?,2. -Why didnt you ask _people to help you?,-Because there werent _people in the room.,3. How _people are going to the Great Wall?,4. -How_does this pair of shoes cost? -100 yuan.,5. The students dont have too_homework to do.,6. I dont want more milk, because there is sill_in my glass.,7. We had _rain all summer. Its very dry.,8. _people can live up to be 100, but _people can live to be 150.,some,any,many,much,much,a little,little,A few,few,some,知识生成,1.,some,通常用于肯定句，,any,通常用于否定句,和疑问句。表示,“,一些,”,。,some,可用于表示请求的疑问句中。,any,用于肯定句中表示,“,任何一个,”,。,2.,many,修饰可数名词，,much,修饰不可数名词。,3.,few a few,修饰可数名词，,little a little,修饰不可数名词。,few little,表示,“,很少,”,，具有否定意义。,a few a little,表示,“,少许,”,，具有肯定意义。,考点,2,none&neither,，,all&both,，,either&any,1. Ive lived in New York and Chicago,，,but dont like_of them very much.,A,either B.any C.each D,another,2. Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.,A,others B,either C,another D. both,3. There are many doctors in the room, but I know _of them.,4. _of his parents is lazy.,none,Neither,知识生成,1,none,表示,_,；,neither,表示,_,。,2,all,表示,_,；,both,表示,_,。,3,any,表示,_,；,either,表示,_,。,三者或三者以上都不,三者或三者以上都,两者都不,三者或三者以上中任何一个,两者中任何一个。,两者都,考点,3,something , anything, everything, nothing,1. I have _important to tell you.,2. Do you want _from the shops?,3. He is always helping people without expecting _in return.,4. Do you have _ready for the party, Mary?,5. I got this bicycle for_,：,My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.,something,something,anything,everything,nothing,something,“,某事，某物”，用在肯定句或表示建议、请求并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。,anything,“,某事物”，用于否定或疑问句中。,“任何事物”，用于肯定句。,everything,“,每件事，所有事”，强调整体，用在否定句中，表示部分否定。,nothing,“,没有任何东西，没有事”，表示全部否定。,知识生成,考点,4,another,，,the other,，,others,，,the others, other,1. I dont want this one. Please give me _.,2. Recycling is one way to protect the environment,；,reusing is _.,3. She has two children. One is a boy,，,_is a girl.,4. Some say yes,，,and _ say no.,有人说对，有人说不对。,5.There are,fiftyfive,students in our class. Thirty of us are girls,，,_ are boys.,6. Ill come again some other day.,我改日再来。,another,another,the other,others,the others,知识生成,1,other,作,_,，修饰,_,。,2,another,用于泛指,_,所修饰名词前不加冠词。,3,the other,表示,_,_,，是特指。,4,others,用作代词，泛指,_,。,5,the others,指,_,。,前置定语,单数或复数名词,三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”,两者中的“另一个”或,两部分中的“另一部分”,“其他人”或“其他物”,整体中除去一部分后，剩余的全部,You are a team star,！,Working with _is really your cup of tea.,A,both B,other,C,others D,the other,考点,5 none,，,nothing,，,no one,的区别,No one,knows anything when he or she is born.,He has many friends,，,but,none,can really help him when he is in trouble.,None,of us went to the concert last night.,Nothing,can stop us marching forward.,How many,students in your class went to the lecture?,None.,Who,did you see enter the lonely house.,Nobody(no,one),.,知识生成,no one,单独使用，只用于指人。,nothing,意为“什么也没有，没有东西”，,表示泛指概念。,none,可与由of连接的人或物组成短语，,而nothing，no one不可。,none,回答,How many.,或,How much.,的问题，而,no one (nobody),和,nothing,则分别用来回答,Who.,和,What.,的问题,1. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,，,she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life.,A,some B,neither C,none D,all,2. This project requires close teamwork.,_will be achieved unless we work well together.,A,Nothing B,Anything,C,Something D,Everything,考点,6,it,，,one,，,that,，,those,1. I cant find my pen. Do you see,it,?,2. I need a bike but I have no money to buy,one,.,3. The population of China is a quarter of,that,of the world.,4. Life today is much better than,that,in the,old days.,5. The days in summer are longer than,those,in winter.,1,It,所代替的是,_,而,one,所代替的是,_,，,one,_,，用来代替,_,_,，其复数形式是,ones,。,2,that,_,_,。,3,those,替代上文中提到的,复数名词,，既可指人也可指物，,those,指人时，后须跟定语。,上文提到的同一事物,同类事物中的“一个”,a/an,名词,the,名词，,它既可代替,可数名词单数，,也可代替,不可数名词，,其后总有修饰语，表示特指,前面出现的,单数可数名词同一类中的一个，表示泛指,1. Your story is interesting,，,but I don,t like_.,2. I havent got a computer. I want to buy _next year.,3. The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than _in Harbin in summer.,4. There will come a day when all of us will be living in cities quite unlike _,of the present.,it,one,that,those,（四）代词it的用法,(1)指已提及的物品、事情、话语等。,He bought a magazine and lent,it,to me.,(2)指心中所想的人或事物。,“Who is knocking on the door？”,“,It,must be my brother.”,(3)指天气状况、自然现象、时间、距离等。,It,was almost two o,clock when he came,back home.,(4)指小孩子。,The child smiled when,it,saw its mother.,(5)指生活或身体状况。,How is,it,going with you？,(6)用于某些习语中。,I got,it.,That,s,it,.就这样了。,At last we,ve made,it,.我们终于成功了,作形式主语或宾语,It,s illegal to drive without a license.,It,is,no use arguing with him,.,It,occurred to me that I should ask the police for help.,We found,it,useless arguing with him.,I feel,it,necessary to learn every day.,I made,it,a rule to keep a diary.,I d appreciate,it,if you can pay in cash.,It,作形式主语或宾语代替不定式、动名词或从句。,组成特定句型,(1),强调句型,it is/was.that/who.,It was yesterday evening that he brought me the book.,(2)when it comes to,.,When it comes to computer games，he is quite an expert.,(3)it is(about/high) time to do sth.或that从句,Its high time that he got himself a wife and settled down.,Exercises,1._ felt funny watching myself on TV.,A.One B.This C.It D.That,7.,He got his first book published.It turned out to be a bestseller.,When was _,？,_ was in 2000 when he was still in college.,A.that,；,This B.this,；,It,C.it,；,This D.that,；,It,八、连接代词,连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有,who,、,whom,、,whose,、,what,、,which,以及它们与,ever,合成的代词,whoever,、,whomever,、,whatever,、,whichever,等。它们用来引导名词性从句。,九、关系代词,关系代词,属性,属格,从句中作用,who,人,主格,主语,whom,人,宾格,宾语（可省）,whose,人,/,物,所有格,定语,which,物,主格,/,宾格,主语,/,宾语（可省）,that,人,/,物,主格,/,宾格,主语,/,宾语（可省）,