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*,*,*,直接引语和间接引语,一、定义,直接引述别人的话，叫直接引语。被引用的部分放在引号里。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引语不用引号，在多数情况下是以宾语从句的形式出现。,二、直接引语和间接引语的变化规则,(,一,),人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,用法,举例,一随主,直接引语中的第一人称根据间接引语中的主语作相应的变化,He,said, “,We,love,our,country. ”,He,said that,they,love,their,country.,他说他们热爱自己的国家。,She,said to me, “,I,have left my books in your room. ”,She,told me,she,had left,her,books in,my,room.,她对我说她把书落在我屋里了。,用法,举例,二随宾,直接引语中的第二人称根据间接引语中的主句的宾语作相应的变化,Tom asked me, “Are,you,a teacher? ”,Tom asked me if,I,was a teacher.,汤姆问我是否是一名老师。,He,asked,me, “Do,you,have a computer? ”,He,asked,me,if,I,had a computer.,他问我是否有计算机。,用法,举例,第三人称不更新,直接引语中的第三人称在间接引语中不发生变化,Bill said, “,She,is,my elder,sister. ”,Bill said that,she,was,his,elder sister.,比尔说她是他的姐姐。,The teacher,told,Marys parents, “,Mary,is a good girl.,She,is always ready to help others. ”,The teacher,told,Marys parents,that,Mary,was a good girl and,she,was always ready to help others.,老师告诉玛丽的父母说，玛丽是一个好女孩，她总是乐于助人。,(,二,),时态的变化,直接引语,间接,引语,例句,一般现在时,一般过去时,Tom said, “I usually,get,up at six. ”Tom said (that) he usually,got,up at six.,汤姆说他通常六点起床。,一般过去时,过去完成时,Mike told me, “I,walked,to school yesterday. ”,Mike told me he,had walked,to school the day before.,迈克告诉我他昨天步行去上学的。,直接引语,间接引语,例句,现在进行时,过去进行时,Nina told me, “Linda,is watching,TV at home. ”Nina told me (that) Linda,was watching,TV at home.,尼娜告诉我琳达正在家看电视。,一般将来时,过去将来时,She said, “I,will,see you at the same place tomorrow. ”,She said (that) she,would,see me at the same place the next day.,她说她第二天要在同一个地点见我。,直接引语,间接引语,例句,现在完成时,过去完成时,Betty said, “I,have worked,in this factory for over ten years. ”Betty said (that) she,had worked,in that factory for over ten years.,贝蒂说她在那家工厂工作有十多年了。,过去完成时,过去完成时,Bob told me, “I,had lived,here for years before I moved out. ”Bob told me that he,had lived,there for years before he moved out.,鲍勃告诉我他在那儿住了多年才搬走。,(,三,),指示代词、时间和地点等变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,this,these,that,those,时间状语,now,today,tonight,this week,yesterday,last week,three days ago,tomorrow,next week,then,that day,that night,that week,the day before,the week before,three days before,the next day,the next week,元贝驾考网, 科目一 科目三 仿真试题,直接引语,间接引语,地点状语,here,there,方向性动词,bring,come,take,go,三、直接引语与间接引语的转换,用法,例句,(1),如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，引导词用,that,，但在口语中通常省略，时态、人称和状语都应作相应的变化,“,Im,a teacher. ” she said.,She,said,that,she,was,a teacher.,她说她是一名教师。,Bill,said to,me, “,I,like,English very much. ”,Bill,told,me,that,he,liked,English very much.,比尔告诉我说他非常喜欢英语。,Betty said, “,I,am going to,buy a bike,tomorrow,. ”,Betty said (,that,),she,was,going,to,buy a bike,the next,day,.,贝蒂说她第二天要买一辆自行车。,用法,例句,(2),如果是一般疑问句，要用连词,whether,或,if,引导，后面用陈述语序，时态、人称和状语都应作相应的变化,“,Are,you,a student,？”,Ann asked.,Ann asked,me,whether (if),I was a student.,安问我是否是一名学生。,The teacher asked me, “,Can,you,swim? ”,The teacher asked me,whether (if),I,could,swim.,老师问我是否会游泳。,用法,例句,(4),如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时多用“名词（代词）,+,不定式”结构，否定句在,to,前面加,not;,引述动词常用,ask“,请求”，,tell“,告诉”，,order“,命令”等,“,Please sit down. ” Jim said to me.,Jim,asked me to sit,down.,吉姆请我坐下。,“,Dont make any noise. ” the teacher told us.,The teacher,told us not to make,any noise.,老师告诉我们别出声。,按要求改写句子,1. (2012,安顺中考,)“Jack, can you help with the dinner? ”Jacks mother asked.,（改成间接引语）,Jack was asked _ he _ help with the dinner.,答案：,if; could,4. (2011,上海中考,)Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (,合并为一句,),The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia.,5. (2011,乐山中考,) “Will you please open the window? ” she said to him. (,将直接引语改为间接引语,),She _ him _ open the window.,答案：,4. if; are 5. asked; to,
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