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Unit 2 Language Language points Teaching aims:Students will learn to use some important phrases and key words.Teaching procedures:Important phrases1. The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. 英语就是由进入不列颠的这些人带来的语法和词汇构成的。 be made up of 由组成（构成）e.g. The medical team was made up of twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。拓展：make up有多种含义:(1) 形成，构成e.g. Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的56%。(2) 编造 e.g. The whole story is made up. 整个故事都是虚构的。(3) 补足，弥补 e.g. We need $50 to make up the loss. 我们需要五十元以弥补损失。(4) 化妆 e.g. It took her more than an hour to make herself up. 她花了一个多小时才打扮好。2. Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages. 古英语是他们的语言混合而成的。 consist vi. 组成，构成 consist of 由组成（构成）e.g. A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 大学由教师，行政人员和学生组成。Our book consists of 3 units. 我们的书有3单元。consist with 一致，相符e.g. Our deeds must consist with our words. 我们必须言行一致。consist in 在于，存在于 e.g. Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others. 宽容在于尊重别人的意见。 The beauty of the picture consists in its colors. 这幅画的美在于其色彩。3. Aside from place names became part of Old English. 除了像伦敦这样的地名外，成了古英语的一部分。 aside from 除 之外e.g. Everything was quiet, aside from the occasional sound of a car in the distance. 除了远处偶尔有汽车的声响外，四周一片寂静。4. The most important contribution was from the Normans, a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们于1066年击败英格兰并控制了这个国家。contribution n. 贡献，促成因素e.g. He made a very positive contribution to the overall success of the project. 他对项目的全面成功作出了非常积极的贡献。defeat vt. 击败，战胜，困惑e.g. Our football team defeated theirs this time. 这一次我们的足球队胜了他们的足球队。 The instruction manual completely defeated me. 这个操作指南使我完全弄糊涂了。take control of 控制，取得对的控制e.g. Take control of the situation instead of feeling overwhelmed or powerless. 控制局势，而不应被它左右或束手无策。 Take control of your own destiny. 掌握自己的命运。5. which led to Old English replacing Celtic. 导致英语代替了凯尔特语 lead to 导致，引发e.g. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过多的工作和过少的休息会引发疾病。 This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误给人造成了极大的费解。lead to 还能表示“通往”e.g. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。注：to为介词，其后可跟名词，也可构成结构lead to sb. doing，表示“导致某人做某事” 。e.g. As a child, she showed an interest in small animals, which led to her taking up the study of biology when she grew up. 她小时候就对小动物产生了兴趣，这也使得她长大后选择了学习生物。replace vt.(1) 取代；以.代替 (+with/by)e.g. The brakes have to be replaced. 刹车需要更换。 Electric lights have replaced candles. 电灯已经取代了蜡烛。(2) 把. 放回(原处)e.g. She replaced the receiver. 她将听筒放了回去。(3) 归还; 偿还e.g. I will replace the cup I broke. 我愿用一个新杯子赔还我打碎的一只。6. After the Norman Conquest, many English people worked as servants who raised animals.诺曼人征服英格兰之后，许多英语国以仆人的身份从事饲养动物的工作。 raise vt. 养育，培养，增加，提高， 筹募，提及，举起e.g. The baby was raised on soybean milk. 这孩子是用豆浆喂养大的。 The landlord raised my rent to $200. 房东把租金提高到$ 200。 They are going to raise money for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。He raised his glass and said: “Your health, Carl.” 他举起了杯子说道：“祝你健康，卡尔。None of them raised any objection.他们谁也没提出反对意见。【拓展】不同于raise，rise一般为不及物动词，作“上升”解，常用于日、月、烟雾、水汽、气温、物价、生病时的体温、水位、人 的职位等；也作“起床，起身”解。e.g. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 He always rises early. 他总是早早起床。难句分析1. The most important contribution was from the Normans, a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066. 【分析】这是一个复合句。本句的主干是The most important contribution was from the Normans；a French-speaking people who in 1066是the Normans的同位语，其中，who引导限制性定语从句，修饰people；在该定语从句中，defeated和took control of是并列的两个谓语。2. However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic. 【分析】这是一个复合句。the Norman Conquest did not affect English是句子的主干，as much as earlier是方式状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰victory。 - 5 -
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