一般现在时态和一般过去时态的区别

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,2011,一般现在时态和一般过去时态的区别,含练习,一般现在时态,.,陈述句（肯定句）,.,否定句,.,一般疑问句,.,特殊疑问句,.,选择疑问句,.,反意疑问句,一般现在时态的陈述句,概念,：一般现在时态表示的是经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。,Eg,: I,am,a teacher .,You,are,a worker.,She/He,is,a student .,We/You/They,are,students.,1.Be,的用法：,I,用,am,，,you,用,are,，,is,用于他,(he),、,她,(she),、,它,(it),，,复数,(we,you,they),全部都用,are.,练习,: 1.Paul (be) a teacher.,2.I (be) 30 years old,3.Her parents both (be) teachers.,is,am,are,1,、,一般动词，在词尾加,s ;,如：,work-works, live-lives, play-plays, sing- sings.,eg,: She,lives,in Ningbo.,她住在宁波。,2,、,以,/s/ /z/,等音素结尾的动词，词尾加,-,es,，,如词尾为,e,，,只加,-s.,读作,/,iz,/,如：,teach- teaches, wash- washes.,eg,: My mother,washes,the coat.,我母亲洗了大衣。,行为动词,do,一般现在时,第三人称单（,he,she,it),的构成规则：,2.,行为动词：,DO,和,DOES,3.,以辅音字母加,Y,结尾的词，把,Y,变,I,在加,ES,，,读作,Z,Study fly,studies,flies,4.,以辅音字母,+O,结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加,ES,读作,Z,go do,goes,does,5.,特殊情况：,have has,EX2,1.Tom often_( get ) up at six in the morning,2. The earth _( go) around the sun .,3.Marys parent _(live ) in Beijing .,4. She _ (draw) very well.,Ex1.,写出下列词的单三形式：,look; go; give; fly; have,looks; go,es,; give,s,; flies; has,gets,goes,lives,draws,Eg,:,1.I,get up,at six,in the morning,.,我在早上六点钟起床。,2.You,go to work,at eight,.,你在八点去上班。,3,.Tom,goes to school,by bike,.,汤姆骑自行车去学校。,II,一般现在时的,否定式,1.Be,动词的否定式,: be + not,I am a teacher.,You are a worker,She is a doctor,We are friends.,I,m not,a teacher,You,arent,a worker,She,isnt,a doctor.,We,arent,friends.,is not=isnt,are not=arent,否定句,2.(do),当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词,DOES,有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形,。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词,DO,有关。,I like English.,She likes it very much.,We go to work by bike.,I,dont like,English.,She,doesnt like,it very much.,We,dont go,to work by bike.,否定句,Ex1.,将下列各句从肯定式改为否定式,I,talk,to Peter because I,like,him.,Kate,comes,from America. Kate,works,with Peter,I,am,Chinese, and I,am,a student.,They,know,each other.,I,dont talk,to Peter because,I dont like,him.,Kate,doesnt come,from America.Kate,doesnt work,with Peter.,I,am,not,Chinese, and I,am,not,a student,They,dont,know,each other.,概念：用,yes,或,no,来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。,一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。,III,一般疑问句,I,am,a teacher. Are you a teacher?,You,are,a worker. Are you a worker?,He,is,a student. Is he a student?,We,are,friends. Are you friends?,1.,对于,BE,动词，疑问句要求把,BE,提前，第一人称的单数和复数（,I/WE,），,第一变成第二人称。,疑问句,2.,对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他,(he),，,她,(she),，,它,(it),时，句子前面加,DOES,，,并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加,DO,，,第一人,(I/we),称换第二人称,(you),。,I often go there.,You like the music.,He goes to work by bus .,We /You/They like it.,Do,you,often go there ?,Do,you like the music.?,Does,he,go,to work by bus ?,Do,you/they like it?,Ex1.,请做练习,1.Her parents live in Shanghai .,否,: Her parents_ in Shanghai.,疑：,_ her parents_ in Shanghai?.,2.You study English .,否：,You,study English .,疑：,you study English ?,3. How often,Tom,football?,A.is ,play B. do,play C. does, play D.does,plays,dont live,Do,live,do,Do,C,请把下列句子变成否定句和疑问句。,The sun rises in the east.,2.Tom gets up at six in the morning.,3. They live in,Shanhai,.,4. I am a student.,The sun,doesnt rise,in the east.,Does,the sun,rise,in the east?,Tom,doesnt get up,at six in the morning.,Does,Tom,get up,at six in the morning?,They,dont live,in,Shanhai,.,Do,they,live,in,Shanhai,?,I,am not,a student.,Are,you,a student?,.,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句在考试中涉及的比较多，主要以,选择,和,转换句型,为主，首先要掌握,一些常用疑问词的意思,如：,what,（,什么）,when, what time,（,什么时间）, who,（,谁）, where,（,在哪里）, why,（,为什么）, how,（,怎样）, how many+,可数名词的复数（多少），,how long,（,多长时间）, how often,（,多久一次） 等，其次掌握它的,语序,，即就是特殊疑问词,+,一般疑问句语序（,Who,）,除外,一、疑问词,+,一般疑问句句序：,Where,are you from,?,Im from,the north,.,What,do you want,?,I want,the books,on your desk.,特殊疑问句的语序,二，与陈述句的语序同： （疑问词作主语或修饰主语,),Who giv,es,you the present.,Mr. Wang giv,es,me the present.,What,is,in the box?,Which,is,mine?,Whose book,is,on the desk?,Tom goes to school every day by bike.,1.,就,Tom,提问,2.,就,goes to school,提问,3.,就,by bike,提问,Ex.,请做练习。,1.Who goes to school every day by bike?,2.What does Tom do every day by bike ?,3.How does Tom go to school every day?,Ex2.,将下列句子变成其否定句，并就斜体部分提问。,1.,She,comes,from,America.,2.,I usually go to school,by bike,.,Does she come from America?,She doesnt come from,Ameica,.,Where does she come from?,I dont usually go to school by bike.,Do you usually go to school by bike?,How do you usually go to school ?,V,选择疑问句,选择疑问句 （直接回答，与,YES,和,NO,无关,）,1,Does she work in a factory,or,in an office?,2,Which do you like,best, football, basketball or volleyball?,Eg,: Does she play football or basketball?,Yes, she does B. she plays football.,C. No, she doesnt,反意疑问句，遵循的原则是 ：前肯，后否；前否，后肯。其中，前否包括是带有,not,的否定，还包括前面句中含有否定意义的词，如,seldom,（,很少）, hardly,（,几乎不）, never,（,从来也不）, little, few,（,很少，不多）,etc.,.,反意疑问句,例如；,1. She lives in Ningbo,doesnt she?,疑问句：,Does she,live in Ningbo?,2. They are students,arent they,?,Are they,students?,3.It,seldom,snows in,kunming,_doesnt,it_?,Does it,snow in,kunming,?,Be,是,was/were,Do did,表示在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：,yesterday,;,last,week;,in,1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days,ago,; when I was born,2.,一般过去时,动词的过去式 （,p3),Ask,Visit,Move,Arrive,Plan,Stop,Try,Fly,Play,Enjoy,asked,visited,moved,arrived,planned,stopped,tried,flied,played,enjoyed,规则动词的形式,4,中基本情况,2,。 不规则动词的过去式,get,have,meet,go,see,leave,eat,got,had,met,went,saw,left,ate,Please finish the exercises on p9,Meet met,Bring brought,Tell told,Drink drank,Fall fell,Can could,Spend spent,Have had,Make made,Come came,Go went,P283,Activity 13,I _,(go),there,yesterday.,Tom _(get ) up late,this morning,.,Li Ming _ (buy) a book,last week.,We _ (visit ) the Great wall,last year.,They _(take ) the baby to the hospital,last night.,6. Rose and I _( leave ) Ningbo for shanghai,the day before yesterday.,7. I _ (,出生）,in Shanghai,in 1974,went,got,bought,visited,took,left,was born,一般过去时态的否定和疑问句：,1. I was born in 1982.,2. He went to the park yesterday.,I,wasnt born,in 1982.,Were you,born in 1982?,He,didnt go,to the park yesterday.,Did he go,to the park yesterday?,Were not,Was not,Wasnt,Werent,did not,didnt do,1.Jim went there yesterday.,否定,疑问,2.We,had,a meeting last night .,否定,疑问,3. He had a new car last year.,否定,疑问,Jim,didnt go,there yesterday.,Did,Jim,go,there yesterday,?,We,didnt have,a meeting last night.,Did,you,have,a meeting last night,?,He,didnt have,a new car last year.,Did,he have a new car last year?,2011,一般现在时态复习,借鉴,1.,Tom,went there yesterday. Who,2.,His,mother is a doctor Whose,3.His father is,a teacher.,What,4.I like,this,book very much.,Which,Who went there yesterday?,Whose mother is a doctor?,What is his father?,Which book do you like very much?,6. I went there,at ten yesterday,. When,7.I live,in Ningbo.,Where,8.I went there,by bus.,9. He is,12 years old,.,10. I visit him,Twice a week,.,When do you go there ?,Where do you live?,How did you go there?,How old is he?,How often do you visit him?,Tom went there,yesterday.,last week,two days ago,three weeks ago,when I was young.,When I was 2 years old,He was born,in 1990,ten years ago,The day before yesterday,过去时态的相关的时间状语,近几年的考题：,1,。,Did you _ early this morning?,A. get up B. got up C. getting up,2. She _ to learn English when she was six.,A. begin B. began C. begins,A,B,3. On her way to the office,she _ to buy a newspaper.,A. has stopped,B. stopped,C. is stopping.,Anyone, someone, no one,，,anybody,的用法：,Someone/somebody,用在肯定句，,anybody/anyone,用在否定句和一般疑问句,;no one;,用在,nobody,肯定句中。,P 9 ; p16,Eg,: I didnt talk to anyone else.,Someone is looking for you.,No one is at the classroom.,1. _ stole his cameral while he is lying on the beach.,A. Anyone B. Someone C. Everyone,B,相关的 单词和短语：,1.get up,起床,I usually get up at six in the morning.,2.mess,杂乱,The room ,_,in a mess,（,乱七八糟）,needs to be,cleared,up immediately.,3.,Clear up,清理,4. Help,sb,(to) do,sth,=help,sb,with,sth,I help him to learn English =I help him with his English.,5,。 实际上,in fact,In fact, he is a student.,6,。过得愉快,enjoy oneself= have a good time,He enjoyed himself yesterday.,7,。突然出现,He turned up yesterday.,8,。绊倒,trip over,He tripped over when he danced last night.,9,。一点也不,not at all,The blind could not see at all.,10,。成长,grow up,He grew up happily.,11.,Not.until,直到。才,I didnt get up,untill,he came back.,He didnt go to bed,untill,he finished his homework.,12. all day long,一整天,13. The lost child. The missing child,丢了的孩子,14. Something important,不定代词定语后置,something else p5; p16,15.p8 I spent 20 minutes in finishing my homework.,总结：,一般现在时态,一般过去时态,肯定,疑问,特殊疑问,我是,工人，在一个工厂上班。,当我小的,时候，我常常和他一起玩。,I am a worker,and work in a factionary.,When I was young ,I often played with him.,