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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Unit 3 Section A,Where Principles Come First,Contents,Exercises,Warming,up,Background,information,Phrases,New,words,Text,Can you guess what are the Americas top Six universities?,Warming Up,1. Harvard University,2. Princeton University,3. Yale University,4. Columbia University,5. Stanford University,5. University of Pennsylvania,Americas Top,Six,National Colleges:,Warming Up,Do you know what are the Chinas,top ten universities?,Warming Up,University,(by 2011 China university evaluation report),Rank,Total,Scientific research,Personnel training,Comprehensive reputation,Peking University,1,100,95.61,100,98.32,Tsing,Hua,University,2,96.18,100,86.55,100,Zhejiang University,3,56.10,53.46,52.40,74.86,Fudan,University,4,55.57,53.60,55.69,51.54,Nanjing University,5,42.90,40.67,42.63,45.36,Shanghai,Jiaotong,University,6,42.52,48.01,35.59,37.39,Wuhan University,7,39.37,41.14,35.53,39.41,Renmin,University of China,8,36.61,28.11,36.52,73.38,Huazhong,University of Science and Technology,9,34.56,37.57,29.47,35.49,Zhongshan,University,10,33.77,34.47,29.60,42.61,Warming Up,Discussion,What are the most important factors youd like to consider when you choose an university?,Do you think entering the top ranking university is essential to your study and even to your future?,Yes, ,More job opportunities,Society sense of honor,More opportunities to meet people,Better fellowship opportunities,Priority to study aboard,The continuation of social relations,No, ,Ones own effort,(Knowledge is knowledge),Academic /study atmosphere,Tuition fee,Geographic location,College landscape,Major you like,211 project /985,progect,or not,Warming Up,An Interview,Warming Up,Suppose you are a,reporter,from an,Education Journal.,You are assigned to share your ideas about,the best way to educate for success,.,For collecting materials, you are planning to have an interview about what principles a school should operate on. You are supposed to:,An Interview,Warming Up,do your work as a group,interview at least 3 students,- prepare questions before you go to people,- record your interview,- analyze the ideas of your interviewees,- come to a conclusion,- give a report to the whole class,Warming Up,Discussion,Whats your opinion about Chinas education system?,Agree or Disagree?,Exam-oriented education,Quality-oriented education,Warming Up,The Hyde School: (F),Background Information,their,best.,Today, there are four Hyde Schools, including inner-city models in New Haven, Connecticut and Washington DC, national programs for,parents and teachers, and a number of,established partnerships with public schools throughout the country.,New Words,leadership,n.,U 1.,领导才能,2.,领导地位；领导权,publicity,n.,U 1.,关注,2.,宣传；推广,cultivate,vt.,1.,培养,2.,耕种，耕作,comprehensive,a.,综合的；全面的,controversial,a.,有争议的；引起争论的,suspend,vt.,1.,暂停，中止,2.,悬；挂,strain,n./vt.,C, U,压力,/,1.,扭伤,2.,使关系紧张,preliminary,a.,预备的；初步的,magnet,n.,C 1.,有吸引力的人或物,2.,磁铁,minority,n.,C (usu. pl.),少数民族,; sing.,少数派,New Words,New Words,quest,n.,C,探寻，寻求,energetic,a.,精力充沛的；充满活力的,conventional,a.,传统的；常规的,reform,vt./n.,改革；改进,/,C, U,改革；改进,intelligence,n.,U,智力；理解力,controversy,n.,C, U,争议，争论,curriculum,n,.,C (pl. curriculums or curricula),课程,preparation,n.,1. U,准备,2. (s),准备工作,mixture,n.,C,混合；混合体,admission,n.,1. U,准许加入,2. C,承认；供认,New Words,New Words,outlook,n.,1. C,看法，态度,2. C,前景，远景,workshop,n.,1. C,研讨会；研习班,2. C,车间,seminar,n.,C,研讨会,attendance,n.,1. C, U,出席人数,2. U,出席；参加,utmost,n./a.,U,极限；最大限度,/,最大的，极度的,worthwhile,a.,值得（做）的,enroll,v.,(,使,),登记入学；注册,outset,n.,U,开端，开始,optimistic,a.,乐观的,fruitful,a.,富有成效的,New Words,New Words,faculty,n.,1. U (,AmE,),全体教员,2. C,天赋,campus,n.,C, U,（大学）校园,jail,n.,C, U,监狱,insult,vt./n.,侮辱；辱骂,C,侮辱；辱骂,curse,vt./n.,诅咒；咒骂,C,诅咒；咒骂,see as,认为,是,be scheduled to do,被安排，定于,over ones protest,不顾某人的抗议,put forth,使出；发挥,complete with,包括；具有,New Words,New Words,do ones utmost,竭尽全力,work out,制订；找到,at the outset,开始,kind of,有点儿；有几分,Hyde School,海德中学,Joseph Gauld,约瑟夫,高尔德 （人名）,Bath, Maine,缅因州巴思市,Malcolm Gauld,马尔科姆,高尔德（人名）,Joe,乔（,Joseph,的昵称）,Hyde Foundation,海德基金会,New Words,New Words,Baltimore,巴尔的摩,(,美国马里兰州中北部港市,),New Haven, Connecticut,康涅狄格州纽黑文市,Jimmy DiBattista,吉米,迪巴蒂斯塔（人名）,New Words,Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _ in Cuba.,A) being cultivated,B) been cultivated,C) having cultivated,D) cultivating,(,CET-4,00,1,),A,New Words,John doesnt believe in medicine; he has some _ remedies of his own.,A) standard,B) regular,C) routine,D) conventional,(,CET-4,03,1,),D,New Words,In spite of the _, it seemed that many of the invited guests would still show up.,A) deviation,B) distinction,C) controversy,D) comparison,(,CET-6,04,6,),c,New Words,He is _ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.,A) optimistic,B) optional,C) outstanding,D) obvious,(,CET-4,00,1,),New Words,A,1. cultivate,vt,. 1.make land suitable for growing crops or plants,耕种，耕作，养殖,Most of the land there,is too poor to cultivate.,那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，,无法耕种。,New Words,1. cultivate,2. develop a particular skill or quality,培养，陶冶，发展,他以阅读来陶冶情操。,He cultivates his mind,by reading books.,New Words,2. controversial,a. causing disagreement,有争议的，引起争论的,Some people thought the judicial explanation of the Marriage Law was controversial about property ownership within marriage.,New Words,2. controversial,phrase:,a controversial subject/policy,引起争议的话题,/,政策,New Words,controversy,n. (c, u) a serious disagreement,争议，争论,The mayor will try to accord the controversy over the housing scheme.,市长试图调解,住房规划方面的争议。,New Words,controversy,phrases:,beyond,/out of,/without,controversy,无可争议,be,/engage in a controversy,with,/against sb. on,sth,.,和某人就某事争论,New Words,controversy,Intel chairman Andy Grove has decided to cut the Gordian knot of,controversy,surrounding,stem cell,research,by simply writing a check.,英特尔公司总裁,Andy Grove,只是简单填写了一张支票就斩钉,截铁地解决了,争议,重重的,干细胞,研究,问题。,（,CET-6,，,2006,，,12,）,New Words,辨析 ：“争执、不和”,controversy,:,侧重指深刻的意见分歧，多指,对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的辨论。,argument,:,指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辨论。,conflict,:,指双方坚持已见，多暗示分歧极为严重，有时用语言无法解决，只得诉诸武力。,debate,:,通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。,dispute,:,普通用词，侧重指长时间，言词激烈，针锋相对的争辩。,quarrel,:,普通用词，既可指言词激烈的争吵，也可指温和的言词上的不和。,3.suspend,vt,. 1. officially stop,sth,. for a short,time,暂停，中止,暂缓,Some rail services,were suspended,during the strike.,罢工期间，有些铁路服务中止了。,Warming Up,3. suspend,Drivers risk having their licenses suspended for drunk driving.,司机们如果酒后驾车,会有吊销驾照的危险。,New Words,3. suspend,法官判处他缓刑。,The judge gave him a,suspended sentence,.,(,a punishment that he would only suffer if he broke the law again in the future,),New Words,3. suspend,2. hang something up,悬；挂,天花板上吊着一盏灯。,A lamp was suspended,from the ceiling.,New Words,3. suspend,phrases:,suspend,sth,. (from),悬挂于,suspend payment,暂停支付,derivative:,suspense,n.,悬念,suspension,n.,暂停中止，悬挂,New Words,4.strain,n. 1.,拉紧，扯紧，绷紧,The rope broke,under the strain.,2.,负担；压力,Long work will cause mental strain.,3.,不信任（的状态）；紧张,The current strain in relations between the two countries.,New Words,4. strain,4.,损伤，扭伤，拉伤,phrases:,under a lot of strain,背负很大压力,a back strain,背部扭伤,New Words,4. strain,vt,. 1.,（过分用力）损伤， 扭伤，拉伤,I strained my back when I lifted the box.,2.,滤，过滤,Has this tea been strained?,3.,使（某事物）超过极限，过分,My patience has been,strained to the,limit(s,).,New Words,4. strain,4.,使用到极限,I strained my ears to try and hear what they were saying.,phrases:,strain ones wit,绞尽脑汁,strain ones ears/eyes,费劲地听,/,看,New Words,4. strain,Regular check-ups,for men would inevitably,place strain on,the public purse,Cartmill,says.,可米尔认为男性,定期,进行,体检,无疑会,增加,国库,负担,。,（,CET-4,2008,12,）,New Words,5. optimistic,a. believing that good things will,happen in the future,乐观的,No matter what happens, Jill is,always very optimistic.,optim(,最佳,),pessim(,最糟,),optimism,乐观,(,主义,),pessimism,悲观,(,主义,),optimist,乐观,(,主义,),者,pessimist,悲观,(,主义,),者,optimistic,乐观,(,主义,),的,pessimistic,悲观,(,主义,),的,New Words,5. optimistic,A gentleman is open-minded and,optimistic,; a small person is narrow-minded and,pessimistic,.,君子坦荡荡，,小人长戚戚。,New Words,5. optimistic,phrases:,be optimistic about .,对,.,抱乐观态度,an optimistic mood,乐观的情绪,an optimistic attitude,乐观的态度,New Words,vt,. say or do,sth,. that is rude and,offensive to sb.,侮辱，辱骂,No one has the right to insult or attack homosexuals just because he/she doesnt like them.,6. insult,New Words,没有人有权力去侮辱和攻击同性恋者仅仅是因为他,/,她不喜欢他们。,6. insult,n. a rude or offensive remark or,action,侮辱；辱骂,A professor at Peking University criticized that making the pandas father a duck is an insult to Chinese people.,New Words,-,sult,= leap,，表示“跳”,insult v.,侮辱,（,in,进入,+,sult,踩到,别人的脸上,侮辱,别人,）,assault v.,进攻，攻击,（,as,一再,+,sault,=,sult,一再跳起来进攻）,consult v.,商讨，,商量,咨询,（,con,共同,+,sult,跳到一起,商讨）,desultory a.,散漫的,（,de,分散,+,sult,+,ory,没有目标的跳散漫的）,Structure Analysis,Questions and Answers,A very important technique of extending an idea or bringing out the relationship between the paragraphs is by questions and answers. While reading, readers naturally ask questions and expect,answers from the text.,Title: Where Principles Come First,Q1: What are the principles?,Answers to Q1 (Paras.1-2),Q 2: What are peoples attitude,？,Answers to Q2 (Paras. 3-11),Answers to Q4 (Paras.17-19),Answers to Q3 (Paras.12-16),Q 3: What are the detailed principles?,Q 4: What are the results of the principles?,Part I (Paras. 1-2),Part II,Part III,Part IV,To feed the readers curiosity about “Where Principles Come First”, the author starts his article with an introduction to the principles on which the Hyde School operates.,Quotation (,引言法,),Main idea ?,Devices for developing it ?,Structure,Main idea ?,Part II,(Paras. 3-11),Part I,Part III,Part IV,Since the Hyde principles are somewhat different from those of other schools, they are rejected by some schools, as described in Para. 3, and appreciated by others, as described in Paras. 4 11.,Exemplification,（举例法）,Devices for developing it ?,Structure,This part deals with detailed principles and approaches in the Hyde School program: valuing each students character-based unique potential, and requiring both students responsibility for each other and parents commitment to the program.,Main idea,？,Devices for developing it ?,Part III,(Paras. 12 - 16),Part I,Part II,Part IV,Deduction (,演绎法）,Structure,This part is about how beneficial or good the program is to both the teachers and the students.,Main idea,？,Devices for developing it ?,Part IV,(Paras.17-20),Part I,Part II,Part III,Exemplification (,举例法,),Comparison & Contrast (,对比法,),Structure,What is the principle of,the Hyde School?,Question,Para 1,The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. Hyde School founder Joseph,Gauld,claims success with the program at the $18,000-a-year high school in Bath, Maine, which has,received considerable publicity for,its work with troubled youngsters.,Where Principles Come First,Chinese,What is the principle of,the Hyde School?,Question,truth,courage,integrity,leadership,curiosity,and concern,Para 2,“We dont see ourselves as a school for a type of kid,” says Malcolm Gauld, Josephs son, who graduated from Hyde and is now headmaster. “We see ourselves as,preparing kids for,a way of lifeby cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.”,Chinese,2. The Hyde public school,program was suspended because_.,Question,Para 3,Now, Joe Gauld is trying to spread his controversial Character First idea to public, inner-city schools willing to use the tax dollars spent on the traditional program for the new approach. The first Hyde public school program opened in September 1992. Within months the program was suspended. Teachers protested the programs demands and the strain associated with more intense work.,Chinese,2. The Hyde public school,program was suspended because_.,Question,teachers protested the programs demands and the strain associated with more intense work.,3. When the Hyde Foundation opened a program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, what did the community fear?,Question,Para 4a,This fall, the Hyde Foundation is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore. Teachers will be trained to later work throughout the entire Baltimore system. Other US school managers are eyeing the program, too.,Chinese,Para 4b,Last fall, the Hyde Foundation,opened a magnet program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, over parents protests. The community feared the school would attract inner-city minority and troubled students.,Chinese,3. When the Hyde Foundation opened a program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, what did the community fear?,Question,The community feared the school would attract inner-city minority and troubled students.,Para 5,As in Maine,the quest for,truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut. In one English class, the 11 students spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale.,Chinese,Para 6,“I get a 10.”,Para 7,“I challenge that. You didnt do either your grammar or your spelling homework.”,Para 8,“OK, a seven.”,Para 9,“You ought to get a six.”,Para 10,“Wait, I,put my best effort forth,here.”,Para 11,“Yeah, but you didnt ask questions today.”,Chinese,Para 12a,Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld says the conventional education system cannot be reformed. He notes “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. The Hyde School assumes “every human being has a unique potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. Conscience and hard work are valued.,Chinese,Para 12b,Success is measured by growth, not academic achievement. Students are required to,take responsibility for,each other. To avoid the controversy of other character programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values.,Chinese,4. In which way the Hyde curriculum is similar to those of conventional schools?,A) Students can choose selective course,as they wish.,B) Students are required to provide community services.,C) Students should take performing arts,and sports.,D) It provides English, history, math and science to students.,Para 13,The Hyde curriculum is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college,complete with,English, history, math and science. But all students are required to take performing arts and sports, and provide a community service. For each course, students get a grade for academic achievement and for “best effort”. At Bath, 97% of the graduates attend four-year colleges.,Chinese,4. In which way the Hyde curriculum is similar to those of conventional schools?,A) Students can choose selective course,as they wish.,B) Students are required to provide community services.,C) Students should take performing arts,and sports.,D) It provides English, history, math and science to students.,5.The parents must do the following so that their children can gain admission EXCEPT_.,A) accept and demonstrate the schools,philosophies and outlook,B) agree to attend monthly meetings in a regional group,C) attend three times a year the workshops, discussion groups or seminars,D) ensure their children to have an attendance rate of 95% at school,Para 14a,Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture. For the student to gain admission, parents also must agree to accept and demonstrate the schools philosophies and outlook. The parents,agree in writing to meet,monthly in one of 20 regional groups, go to a yearly three-day regional retreat, and spend at least three times a year in work-shops, discussion groups and seminars at Bath.,Chinese,Para 14b,Parents of Maine students have an attendance rate of 95% in the many sessions. Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to,do their utmost,when they see their parents making similar efforts. The biggest obstacle for many parents, they say, is to realize their own weaknesses.,Chinese,5.The parents must do the following so that their children can gain admission EXCEPT_.,A) accept and demonstrate the schools,philosophies and outlook,B) agree to attend monthly meetings in a regional group,C) attend three times a year the workshops, discussion groups or seminars,D) ensure their children to have an attendance rate of 95% at school,Para 15,The process for public school parents is still being worked out, with a lot more difficulty because it is difficult to convince parents that it,is worthwhile for them to participate,. Of the 100 students enrolled in New Haven, about 30% of the parents attend special meetings. The low attendance is in spite of commitments they made,at the outset of,the program when Hyde officials interviewed 300 families.,Chinese,Para 16,Once the problems are worked out, Hyde should work well in public schools, says a teacher at Bath who taught for 14 years in public schools. He is optimistic that once parents make a commitment to the program, they will be daily role models for their children, unlike parents whose children are in boarding schools.,Chinese,6. In the Hyde School, _ conduct the faculty evaluations.,Question,7. What are the beneficial results?,Question,Para 17a,One former inner-city high school teacher who now works in the New Haven program, says teachers also benefit. “Here we really begin to focus on having a fruitful relationship with each student. Our focus is really about teacher to student and then we together deal with the. academics.,Chinese,Para 17b,In the traditional high school setting, its teacher to the material and then to the student.” The teacher-student relationship is taken even further at Hyde. Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.,Chinese,the students,6. In the Hyde School, _ conduct the faculty evaluations.,Question,7. What are the beneficial results?,role model for children,fruitful relationship,an example of a student, going to college,Question,Para 18,Jimmy DiBattista, 19, is amazed he will graduate this May from the Bath campus and plans to attend a university. Years ago, he had seen his future as “jail, not college”. DiBattista remembers his first days at Hyde.,Chinese,Para 19,“When I came here, I insulted and cursed everybody. Every other school was, Get out, we dont want to deal with you. I came here and they said, We,kind of,like that spirit. We dont like it with the negative attitudes. We want to turn that spirit positive.”,Chinese,新视野,大学英语,N H C E,品德至上,Para. 1,海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。该校的创始人约瑟夫,高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。海德中学位于缅因州巴思市，每年的学费高达,1.8,万美元，因其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩。,新视野,大学英语,N H C E,Para. 2,“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，”马尔科姆,高尔德说。他是约瑟夫的儿子，毕业于海德中学，现任海德中学校长。“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。”,新视野,大学英语,N H C E,Para. 3,现在，乔,高尔德,（,约瑟夫,高尔德,）,正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向旧城区的公立学校推广。这些学校愿意将用于传统教学计划的税金用于实施这一新的教学方法。海德公立学
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