高中英语语法名词性从句课件

,谢谢观赏,Related Conception(,相关概念,),1.,名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫做名词。,2.,名词在句中一般可以作什么成分,:,The boy is Li Ming.,Mr. Liang, a 24-year-old boy, teaches us maths.,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语。,主语,表语,主语,同位语,宾语,Related Conception(相关概念)1.名词：表,主语从句,Subject Clause,名词性从句,Noun Clause,宾语从句,Object Clause,表语从句,Predicative Clause,同位语从句,Appositive Clause,主语从句 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句,Examples,What he bought is out of fashion.,I love what we watched in the cinema.,Thatiswhyhedidntcometothemeeting.,Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,ExamplesWhat he bought is out,引导名词性从句的连接词,可分为三类：,1,.,从属连词（,5,个）：,that(,无词义,), whether, if, as if,，,as though,（不充当从句的任何成分）,2.,连接代词（,10,个）：,what/ whatever, who/ whoever, whom/ whomever, whose/whosever, which/ whichever,不仅起到连接一个句子的作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。,3,.,连接副词（,7,个）：,when/ whenever, where/ wherever, how/ however, why,（,本身有词义且在句中充当成分）,引导名词性从句的连接词 可分为三类：,一、主语从句,语 法,精 讲,1.,概念：在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句包含两类，,_,和,_,。,that,引导主语从句时只起连接作用,没有意义,但不能省略。,eg:,很显然,这个司机控制不了他的车。,(obvious),It was obvious that the driver could not control his car,That the driver could not control his car,形式主语,真正主语,(,形式主语,),was obvious.,(,真正主语,),高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,一、主语从句 语 法1. 概念：在复合句中起主语作用的从,用,it,作形式主语的结构,It is,名词从句,It is a fact that ,事实是,It is a pity that.,遗憾的是,.,It is an honor that ,非常荣幸,It is a shame that. .,真是可耻,It is common knowledge that,是常识,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,用it作形式主语的结构高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）高中英,用,it,作形式主语的结构,It is,形容词从句,(,多用,should),It is natural that ,很自然,It is obvious that.,显然,.,It is unlikely that. .,不可能,It is strange that ,奇怪的是,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,用it作形式主语的结构高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）高中英,It is,不及物动词从句,It seems that ,似乎,It happened that ,碰巧,It appears that ,似乎,It turns out that.,结果是,.,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）, It is不及物动词从句高中英语语法名词性从句（40,It is,过去分词从句,It is reported that ,据报道,It has been proved that ,已证实,It is said that ,据说,It is believed that.,人们认为,.,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）, It is过去分词从句高中英语语法名词性从句（40张,_she has made such a mistake.,她犯这样的错误是令人遗憾的事。,_he didnt come yesterday.,他昨天没来是很奇怪的。,_the number of wild animals in,Africa is decreasing.,据报道非洲野生动物的数量正在减少。,_there was a terrible plane,crash this morning.,据说今天早上有一起可怕的飞机坠毁事故。,It is a pitythat,Its strangethat,It is reportedthat,It is said that,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,_she has ma,语 法,精 讲,(2) if,不能用在句首引导主语从句，这时用,whether;,与,or not,搭配表“是否”时，只能用,_,。,eg:,他是否离开了还未知。,_ is unknown.,whether,Whether he left,(or not),高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法(2) if 不能用在句首引导主语从句，这时用w,(3),关系代词,who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever,whoever, whomever, whichever,等，引导主语从句时，,它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。,_ leaves the room lastought toturn off the lights.,走得最晚的应当关灯。,_we do must be in the interests of the people.,我们所做的一定要从人们的利益出发。,_ he said at the meetingastonished everybody present.,他在会议上的发言使所有入会者吃惊。,_ made the long distance callis not important.,谁打的长途电话并不重要。,Whoever,Whatever,What,Who,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(3)关系代词who, what, which, whom,Attention,whoever / whatever,的功用,whoever, whatever,在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。,whoever = anyone who,whatever = anything that,Whoever breaks the law,should be punished.,(,Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ),高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,Attentionwhoever / whatever 的功,(4),连接副词有,when, where, why, how, whenever,wherever, however,等引导主语从句时，它们在从句,中担任状语，不能省略。此类主语从句可以转换为,以,it,作形式主语的句子。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(4) 连接副词有when, where, why, how,_ he didnt come hereis not clear to anyone.,他为什么没来谁也不清楚。,_ a telephone worksis a question which not,everyone can answer.,电话是怎样工作的，这个问题并不是每个人都能回,答。,_ she has goneis not known yet.,她去了哪儿，还不知道。,_ they will starthas not been decided yet.,他们何时动身还未定下来。,Why,How,Where,When,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,_ he didnt come here,语 法,精 讲,(5),当主语是一个从句时，谓语动词一般用,_,。,eg:,我们所需要的是更多时间与钱。,What we need,is,more time and money.,第三人称单数,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法(5)当主语是一个从句时，谓语动词一般用_,1. _ makes mistakes must correct them.,A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever,2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.,A. while B. that C. if D. for,3.When and why he came here _ yet.,A. is not known B. are not known,C. has not known D. have not known,练一练！,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,1. _ makes mistakes mus,4. _ you dont like him is none of my business.,A. What B. Who,C. That D. Whether,5. _was to return to school.,A. That really interested him,B. What really interested him,C. Which really interested him,D. That interest him really,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,4. _ you dont like him is,语 法,精 讲,二、表语从句,概念：在复合句中充当句子表语的从句叫做表语从句。,2.,结构：,主语,+,系动词,(,be, seem, look.,)+that,从句,eg: The trouble is that,we are short of money,Go and get your coat. Its,where you left it.,连接词,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法二、表语从句 概念：在复合句中充当句子表语的从句,引导表语从句的词有,:,连词,that,，,whether,，,as if (,好像，仿佛,),；,连接代词,who,，,whose,，,what,，,which,；,连接副词,when, where, how,，,why,等。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,引导表语从句的词有: 高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）高中英,Her wish is,_ she could lose weight soon.,她的愿望是能够马上减肥。,That is,_ the brothers wanted to make,a bet.,那就是兄弟俩为什么想打赌的原因。,That is,_ his grandparents once lived.,那就是他祖父母曾经住过的地方。,My strongest memory is,_ I attended,an American wedding.,记忆最深刻的是我参加美国婚礼的时候。,that,why,where,when,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,Her wish is _ she could,语 法,精 讲,3.,引导表语从句的连接词：,(1),除了上述三类连接词外还有,because,，,as if / as though,等。请注意下列句型：,The reason (why/for which.) is that.,eg:,他考试不及格的理由是他又懒又粗心。,The reason why he failed in the exam is that he was,so lazy and careless., It / This/ That is because.,It is because you dont know how much I love you,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法3. 引导表语从句的连接词：高中英语语法名词性从,语 法,精 讲,(2),连系动词,appear,，,look,，,seem,的两个常用句型：,It seems / appears that.,It looks / seems as if /as though.(,与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气,),It seems as though _,他看上去仿佛对真相一无所知。,he knew nothing about the truth,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法(2) 连系动词appear，look，seem,语 法,精 讲,(3) as,也可以引导表语从句。,Things are not always,as they seem to be,(4),主句的主语是名词,idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement,时,表语从句应用虚拟语气。即,: (should) +,v,.,e.g. My suggestion is,that,we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just setting it aside.,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法(3) as 也可以引导表语从句。高中英语语法名,1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.,that B. if C. when D. whether,2. _your father wants to know is,_ getting on with your studies.,A. What; how are you B. That,；,how you are,C. How,；,that you are D. What,；,how you are,表语从句一定要用陈述语序。,引导表语从句只能用,whether,而不用,if,。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,1. The question is _ we,3.The problem is _to take the place of Ted.,A. who can we get B. what we can get,C. who we can get D. that we can get,4. The reason why he hasnt come is _.,because his mother is ill,B. because of his mothers being ill,C. that his mother is ill,D. for his mother is ill,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,3.The problem is _to t,1.,概念：,在复合句中充当句子宾语的从句叫做宾,语从句。,2.,句子结构：,主句,+,连接词,(,引导词,) +,宾语从句,3.,连接词,:,从属连词,that, whether, if,连接代词,who, whom, whose, which, what,连接副词,where, how, why, when,三、宾语从句,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,1. 概念：在复合句中充当句子宾语的从句叫做宾 三、宾语从句,Jack told me _,he had been there twice.,杰克告诉我他去过那里两次。,Tom asked me _,I was a student,.,汤姆问我是不是学生。,Do you know _,they are waiting for?,你知道他们在等谁吗？,who (whom),if / whether,that,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,Jack told me _he ha,He didnt say_.,他 没 说 我 们 什 么 时 候 再 见面。,Pay attention,to_,.,注意听老师说的话。,He is pleased,with_,.,他对我们昨天所做的一切感到很满意。,when we would meet again,what the teacher said,what we did yesterday,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,when we would meet againwhat,4.,连词,(,引导词,),的使用：,当宾语从句是陈述句时,(,包括肯定句和否定句,),连,词由,that,引导,因为,that,在从句中不作任何成分,也没,有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词,whether,或,if,引导,因为,if / whether,翻译成“是否”,具有一定的意,义,所以不能省略。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,4. 连词(引导词)的使用：高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）,连词,(,引导词,),的使用：,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由特殊疑问词充当连,接词,因为该特殊疑问词,(,即连接词,),在从句中担任一,定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略。,宾语从句应使用陈述句的语序。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,连词(引导词)的使用：高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）高中英,5.,宾语从句要注意的情况,(1) that,在宾语从句中可以省略。当谓语动词后出现多个宾语从句并列时，往往只有第一个,that,可以省略。,I forget,(that),my research paper was due on Tuesday and,that,my teacher had said,that,he would not accept late papers.,我忘了星期二要交论文，我的老师说他不接受迟交的论文。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,5. 宾语从句要注意的情况高中英语语法名词性从句（40张）高,(2),如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态应按“时态呼应”规则调整成过去范畴的相应时态,;,若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象，从句仍可保持“现在”范畴时态，不可“呼应”调整。,He said that he _.,他说他第二天将飞往埃及。,She remembered that she,_.,她记起她把伞忘在图书馆了。,The teacher told us that _,老师告诉我们光速比声速快。,would fly to Egypt the next day,had left her umbrella in the library,light travels faster than sound does.,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(2)如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态应按“时态呼应”,(3),动词,doubt,用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用,that,作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用,whether,或,if,皆可，而不用,that,。,你怀疑他是否准时到达？,我很肯定你的答案是错的。,他怀疑我能否应付得了。,Do you doubt_ in time?,that he will get there,I dont doubt _.,that your answer is wrong,He doubts _.,if / whether I can do it,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(3)动词doubt 用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用,(4),在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用,it,作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,(,即：主语谓语,it,宾补,that,从句,),常接复合宾语的动词有,: make, find, see, hear, feel, think .,e.g. I think it necessary.,I find it interesting.,She made it clear,that it was not her fault,.,她清楚表明那不是她的错。,真正的宾语,宾补,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(4) 在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it作,(5) whether,和,if,都有“是否” 的意思，一般情况下两者可以换用，但在下列情况中只能用,whether,：,在介词后；,与,or not,连用。,连接词后直接加不定式，不能用,if,只能用,whether,。,而从句是否定句时一般用,if,。,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,(5) whether 和if 都有“是否” 的意思，一般情,语 法,精 讲,注意区分,it,作形式主语的主语从句与强调句的区别,强调句句型“,It is/was,被强调部分,that”,，去掉“,It is/was.that”,，句子仍然成立。,It is natural that they should have different views,(,主语从句,),It is only lately that he has had a family himself.,(,强调句,),It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem.,(,强调句,),高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法注意区分it 作形式主语的主语从句与强调句的区别,语 法,精 讲,注意,it,作形式主语的主语从句和,as,引导的非限制性定语从句的不同,:,It is known to all that the earth is round,(,主语从句,),As is known to all, the earth is round.,(,非限制性定语从句,),高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,语 法注意it 作形式主语的主语从句和as引导的非限制,一、用合适的连接词填空,1.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for_he could find about Mark Twain.,2. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them often.,3. You are saying _everyone should be equal,，,and this is_ I disagree .,4. I like it in the autumn _ the weather is clear and bright.,where,what,that,whatever,when,宾语,状语,宾从,宾语,状语,状从,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,一、用合适的连接词填空wherewhatthatwhatev,5,The boss wanted an assistant _ is knowledgeable in French with work experience.,6.This house looks beautiful, doesnt it?,Well, Id rather have a house, _is beautiful to look, but more comfortable to live in.,which,who,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,高中英语语法名词性从句（,40,张）,5The boss wanted an assistant,