动名词做主语和宾语课件

Please rewrite the sentences following the example.(Page 13 Ex.2)1.Helping people in need of help is nice.2.Growing super hybrid rice is not easy.3.Learning more about farming is not difficult.4.Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.5.Getting rid of hunger is very important in some African countries.6.Explaining this again is important or we will get confused.Please rewrite the sentences f1Unit 2 Working the landGrammerV-ing as subject and object动名词做主语和宾语Unit 2 Working the landGramme2Examples:Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟有害健康。吸烟有害健康。He enjoys listening to music,playing mah-jong,swiming and reading.他喜欢听音乐，打麻将，游泳和读书。他喜欢听音乐，打麻将，游泳和读书。(smoking在句中作主语。在句中作主语。)(listening,playing,swiming和和reading在句中做宾语。在句中做宾语。)Examples:Smoking is harmful to3一、动名词做主语一、动名词做主语welcome to use these PowerPoint templates,New Content design,10 years experience1.V-ing作主语直接置于句首作主语直接置于句首2.V-ing做主语置于句末，用做主语置于句末，用it做形式主语做形式主语3.常用常用V-ing形式做主语的句型形式做主语的句型4.V-ing形式和形式和to do 不定式不定式 做主语时的区别做主语时的区别一、动名词做主语welcome to use these P41.V-ing做主语直接位于句首做主语直接位于句首Swimming is my favourite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。游泳是我最喜欢的运动。Learning new words is very important.学习新单词非常重要。学习新单词非常重要。1.V-ing做主语直接位于句首Swimming is m52.V-ing做主语置于句末，用it做形式主语 It is no use waiting here在这儿等是在这儿等是没用的。没用的。(It为形式主语，为形式主语，waiting here为真正的主语为真正的主语)It is no good smoking.吸烟是没有好处的。吸烟是没有好处的。(It为形式主语，为形式主语，smoking为真正的主语为真正的主语)waiting here is no use.smoking is no good.2.V-ing做主语置于句末，用it做形式主语 It is63.常用V-ing形式做主语的句型It is/was a waste of time doing.做做.是浪费时间的。是浪费时间的。It is/was no good/use doing.做做.是没有好处是没有好处/用处的。用处的。It is a waste of time sitting in front of the television all day.Sitting in front of the television all day is a waste of time.It is useless telephoning him.Telephoning him is useless.3.常用V-ing形式做主语的句型It is/was a7It is/was worth/worthwhile doing.做做.是值得的。是值得的。It is/was hardly/scarely worth doing.做做.是不值得的。是不值得的。It was worthwhile searching for him.Searching for him was worthwhile.It is hardly worth helping him.Helping him is hardly worth.It is/was worth/worthwhile d8It is/was useless doing.做做.是没有用处的。是没有用处的。There is/was no point(in)doing.做做.没意义。没意义。There is no point(in)trying to stop him.It is useless doing exercise.Doing exercise is useless.It is/was useless doing.T9There is no sense in doing 做、没有道理做、没有道理There is/was no use doing 干、无意义干、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、更糟的没有比、更糟的There is no doing 无法、，无法、，不允许、不允许、注意：注意：There is no need to do sth 干、没必要，在干、没必要，在此句式中此句式中to do 不可换为不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。没有必要告诉她。There is no need to tell her.There is no sense in doing 104.V-ing形式和to do 不定式做主语时的区别1）作主语时，不定式与动名词一般可以通用。2）动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,表示一种普遍性的事情或一种经验和体会一般用动名词作主语。3）不定式则通常表示具体的动作（指句中有具体的时间、频率、地点、方式状语）或将来的动作不定式作主语。4.V-ing形式和to do 不定式做主语时的区别1）11-ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。示具体的动作。我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。I like ，but now I like .readingto see a filmreadingto see a film12Singing is my hobby,and to sing on my friends birthday party is my dream.唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。_singing 表示泛指唱歌这个行为to sing 表示特指唱歌这个动作on my friends birthday party 具体的时间状语Singing is my hobby,and to si13No smokingNo parkingNo swimming=No smoking is allowed(here).V-ing用于布告形式的省略结构中。用于布告形式的省略结构中。动名词常用于简短的禁令中动名词常用于简短的禁令中:No smokingNo parkingNo swimmin141.It is no use _.A.wait here B.waiting here C.to wait here D.waited here2.It is pleasant _ A.working with you B.work with you C.worked with you D.to working with you3._ a language requires time and effort.A.Learn B.Being learned C.To learn D.Learning BAD1.It is no use _.BAD15二、动名词做宾语二、动名词做宾语welcome to use these PowerPoint templates,New Content design,10 years experience1.V-ing作动词的宾语作动词的宾语2.动词接动词接V-ing或或to do 做宾语的区别做宾语的区别3.V-ing做真正宾语，做真正宾语，it做形式宾语的句型做形式宾语的句型4.在下面几类句子中，介词在下面几类句子中，介词in常可省略常可省略二、动名词做宾语welcome to use these P161.V-ing 做动词的宾语做动词的宾语某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，常见的此类某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，常见的此类动词有动词有:admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,include,keep,mind,risk,miss,delay(延误延误),practise,suggest,1.V-ing 做动词的宾语某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，173作介词宾语作介词宾语下列短语中的下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形形式：式：object to，lead to,stick to，cant stand（不能忍受）（不能忍受）give up,put off,keep on,set about,succeed in,insist on,feel like,be/get used to(习惯于做习惯于做.),devoteto,look forward to,pay attention to,get down to(着手做着手做.)等。等。3作介词宾语18be afraid of，be busy(in)，be fond of，be good at，be delighted in，be interested in，be proud of，be tired of，be astonished at，be surprised at，be terrified at，apologize(to sb.)for，excuseforgivepraisethank sb.for,preventstopkeep sb from阻止某人阻止某人，have difficultytrouble(in)(做做有困难，有麻有困难，有麻烦烦)，I have just finished reading that novel.我刚刚读完那本小说。我刚刚读完那本小说。常用用动名词作宾语的常用用动名词作宾语的此类动词短语有此类动词短语有:be afraid of，be busy(in)，be f192.动词接V-ing或to do 做宾语的区别 a.下列动词可用V-ing形式做宾语，也可用不定式作宾语，但意义区别不大。如：begin,start,continue（继续）,like,love,hate,prefer（宁愿）,intend（计划，打算）等。What do you intend to do/doing next?下一步你打算做什么？They began to make/making their study plan.他们开始制作他们的学习计划。2.动词接V-ing或to do 做宾语的区别 a20b.还有一类动词（短语）可接还有一类动词（短语）可接V-ing形形式或不定式做宾语，但意义区别较大。式或不定式做宾语，但意义区别较大。remember/regret/forget to do 记着/遗憾/忘记要做.remember/regret/forget doing 记着/遗憾/忘记已做了.I remember to mail the letter but forget buying the stamp.我记得去寄信可忘了已买邮票了。b.还有一类动词（短语）可接V-ing形式或不定式做宾语，21try to do 尽力去做.try doing 试着去做.stop to do 停下来去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在做的事情（不做某事）He stopped to read.He stopped reading.He didnt try to do it.why didnt you try riding a bike to go to school?try to do 尽力去做.stop to do 停下22mean to do 打算，意欲做.mean doing 意味着.cant help to do 不能帮着做.cant help doing 禁不住做.He cant help to finish the work.He cant help crying.I didnt mean to do that.Losing a bus in London means waiting for another hour.mean to do 打算，意欲做.cant help23 c.注意：在need,require,want和worth之后动名词用主动式表示被动，不定式要用被动式。如：Your watch needs repairing.=Your watch needs to be repaired 你的表需要修理。The sick baby requires examining.=The sick baby requires _.to be examined c.注意：在need,require,want和24 d.注意:在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadviseforbidpermit 名词代词不定式(宾语补足语)”之形式。如：We dont allow smoking We dont allow anybody to smoke I will permit doing so.I will permit him _.to do so d.注意:在allow,advise,forb253.V-ing做真正宾语，it做形式宾语的句型 主语+it +doing thinkconsiderfindfeel likeuselessno useno good.I found it useless arguing with him.I found arguing with him useless.用用it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是做形式宾语，真正的宾语是V-ing短语，其短语，其结构如下：结构如下：3.V-ing做真正宾语，it做形式宾语的句型 主语+26主语主语+have trouble/difficulty+(in)+V-ing .做做.有困难有困难.主语主语+spend time/money+(in)+V-ing.花费时间花费时间/金钱在金钱在.4.在下面几类句子中，介词在下面几类句子中，介词in常可省略。常可省略。I have some difficulty(in)finishing the work.I spent two hours(in)getting home.主语+have trouble/difficulty主语27主语主语+be busy+(in)+V-ing.忙于做忙于做.主语主语+lose no time+(in)+V-ing.立即做立即做.I will lose no time(in)reading this book.Im busy(in)preparing for the exams.主语+be busy+(in)+V-ing 主语+281.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car.A.repairing B.repair C.to repair D.repaire2.Mr.Smith made up his mind to devote all his life to _some schools for poor children Aset up Bsetting up Chave set up Dhaving set upAB1.It took the workmen only tw293.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bring C.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing4.We should often practise _ English with each other.A.to speak B.spoke C.speak D.speakingAD3.Have you forgotten _$100305.We are both looking forward to _ next week.A.going on vocation B.go on vocation C.be going on vocation D.have gone on vocation6.Your clothes need _.A.washed B.to be washed C.to wash D.being washedAB5.We are both looking forward317.The classroom wants _.A.clean B.cleaned C.to clean D.cleaning8.Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us.A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waitedDC7.The classroom wants _.329.His health does not permit him _.A.come B.came C.coming D.to come10.We consider _ no use _ with him.A.that;argue B.it;arguing C.that;arguing D.it;argueDB9.His health does not permit 33三、三、V-ing形式的复合结构形式的复合结构welcome to use these PowerPoint templates,New Content design,10 years experience带有逻辑主语的带有逻辑主语的V-ing称为称为V-ing的复合结构。的复合结构。当当V-ing的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在要在V-ing之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这样便构成了这样便构成了V-ing的复合结构。其中，物主的复合结构。其中，物主代词和名词所有格就是逻辑上的主语，代词和名词所有格就是逻辑上的主语，V-ing是逻辑上的谓语。是逻辑上的谓语。being late made Mr.Li angry.迟到使得李老师很生气。迟到使得李老师很生气。My我的三、V-ing形式的复合结构welcome to use t34examples:Do you mind my closing the window?close the window 关窗户这个关窗户这个动作的逻辑主语是我。动作的逻辑主语是我。What I need now is his apologizing to my brother.apologize to my brother 的逻辑主语是他。的逻辑主语是他。examples:Do you mind my closin35 _the meeting gave them a great deal of encouragement A.The president will attend B.The president to attend C.The president attended D.The presidents attendingD _the meeting gave the36Thank you!Thank you!37