初中英语语法-构词法课件

构词法构词法Whiteboard=white+boardLead-inSafeguard=safe+guard Whiteboard=white+boardLeadinSorry!The subscriber you dialed is busy now,please redial later.-er 人人 re-又，再又，再Sorry!The subscriber you dialUnstoppableGodlikeDouble kill God+likeStop v 阻止阻止-ableUn-无法阻挡无法阻挡双杀双杀横扫千军横扫千军 kill v n 杀死 Unstoppable God+likeStop v 阻止构构词词法法转化 -unit2派生 -unit2合成 -unit1构词法转化 unit2派生 unit2合合成词合成词考点1合成词：由两个或两个以上的词合成的一个新词。合成词：由两个或两个以上的词合成的一个新词。考点：最常见的有合成名词、合成形容词、合成代词等考点：最常见的有合成名词、合成形容词、合成代词等。合成名词合成名词名词名词：weekend周末；名词动词：sunset日落；名词动名词：handwriting书法动词名词：playground操场；动名词名词：reading room阅览室合成词考点 1合成词：由两个或两个以上的词合成的一个新词。合形容词名词：blackboard黑板；副词动词：outbreak爆发；介词名词：afternoon下午eg：My fathers handwriting is very good.They often go shopping at the weekend.。书法，法，书写写形容词名词：blackboard黑板；书法，书写合成形容词合成形容词名词形容词：snowwhite雪白的；名词现在分词：Englishspeaking 讲英语的名词to名词：facetoface面对面的；名词过去分词：manmade人造的数词名词：oneway单行的；数词名词形容词：twoyearold两岁的副词过去分词：wellknown著名的副词动名词：hardworking勤劳的副词名词：outdoor户外的eg:England is an Englishspeaking country.英国是一个讲英语的国家。考点2合成形容词名词形容词：snowwhite雪白的；考点 2典例典例What are you doing here?Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about _in English.You can write _ passage in English？A.600 words；a 600wordsB600word；a 600wordsC600 words；a 600wordD600words；a 600wordsC【点拨点拨】第一空应填第一空应填600 words，第二空修饰名词，第二空修饰名词 passage，应用形容词，应用形容词，“数词名词数词名词”可构成形容词，中间用连可构成形容词，中间用连字符连接，而且名词用单数形式。字符连接，而且名词用单数形式。典例What are you doing here?C【考点3【重点重点】合成代词合成代词考向一反身代词反身代词：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves。eg:The boy teaches himself English.The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in_ is very important.Athemselves BitselfCourselves DyourselvesC考点 3【重点】合成代词考向一反身代词：myself,ou 考向二考向二 复合不定代词复合不定代词 考向二 复合不定代词典例典例Water is important to _,so there are many water festivals around the world.Aeveryone BnobodyCsomebody DsomethingA【点拨点拨】考查不定代词辨析。句意：水对于考查不定代词辨析。句意：水对于_是重是重要的，因此全世界有许多水节。由句意可知水对于每个人要的，因此全世界有许多水节。由句意可知水对于每个人都很重要。都很重要。典例Water is important to _AABAAB即学即练一、一、根据所学的构词法知识，通过连线将下列单词组成合根据所学的构词法知识，通过连线将下列单词组成合 成词，然后用其适当形式完成句子成词，然后用其适当形式完成句子A合成名词合成名词1 weekD setCacheBendAgroundEball2play3sun4head5 basket即学即练一、根据所学的构词法知识，通过连线将下列单词组成合11Yao Ming is a great _ player.2The days are getting longer.The _ today is five minutes later than yesterday.3The students like to play on the _.They have fun there.4What does he often do on _?5Dont be afraidyou have probably got a _.basketballsunsetplaygroundweekendsheadachebasketball sunset playground weekend headache1Yao Ming is a great _6Do you want to buy a _ ticket?7The _ car is mine.8New Zealand is an _country.9The little bike is a _ model bike.10I love this _ rabbit.onewayfiveseatEnglishspeakingmanmadesnowwhiteB合成形容词合成形容词1 man2 snow 3English4one5fiveawaybspeakingcmade dwhiteeseat6Do you want to buy a _11Welcome to my home.You can come _.12I am so sad.I want to be _.13Lily and Lucy helped _ to the delicious food at the party.14Mr.Green is new there,so _ knows him.15Give me _ to eat.I am hungry.anytimemyselfthemselvesnobodysomethingmysomethemnoanybodyselftimeselvesthing11Welcome to my home.You can二派生法二派生法后缀(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有：er，or，ist，ness，ment，tion，ess，ing等。eg：illness疾病；government政府；actress女演员；meeting会议所谓派生，即在原词上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意略有不同或截然相反的词。二派生法后缀所谓派生，即在原词上加前缀或后缀构成另一个与原意(2)构成形容词的后缀常用的有：ful，less，able，ous，y 等。eg：helpful有用的；cloudy 多云的；enjoyable令人愉快的；dangerous危险的；careless 粗心的(3)构成副词的后缀，常用的有：ly。eg：slowslowly 缓慢地；easyeasily容易地(2)构成形容词的后缀常用的有：前缀前缀前缀一般不造成词性的转变，而只引起意思上的变化，前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词，常用的有un，dis，im等。eg：unhappy不高兴的；dislike不喜欢；impossible 不可能的。考向二前缀前缀一般不造成词性的转变，而只引起意思上的变化，前缀中有考点2 转化法转化法常见的有名词转化为动词，形容词转化为动词。常见的有名词转化为动词，形容词转化为动词。(1)名词转化为动词eg:water 水water浇水 plant 植物plant种植(2)形容词转化为动词eg：cool 凉爽的cool使变凉、冷却 dry 干燥的 dry使变干(3)动词转化为名词eg:look 看；瞧look 看；瞧 swim 游泳swim 游泳考点 2转化法常见的有名词转化为动词，形容词转化为动词。课本课本30页页12题题playersafelysunnysuccessfuleastern课本30页12题playersafelysunnysucce典例典例What was Linda doing at that time?Oh，she was going for a _.(walk)(南宁)walk【点拨点拨】句意：句意：琳达那个时间在做什么？琳达那个时间在做什么？哦，她哦，她在散步。考查词的转化。采用在散步。考查词的转化。采用转化法转化法。walk作动词时是作动词时是“走走路路”的意思，此句中应用名词的意思，此句中应用名词walk“散步散步”。典例What was Linda doing at tha一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1(中考凉山)The children were all _(激动)because of the games.2(中考新疆)Mark does his homework_(认真地)every day.3The school library is _(开放的)from Monday to Friday，9 a.m.to 6 p.m.4He wants to be a computer _(工程师)in the future.5Money cant buy _(幸福)excited carefully open engineerhappiness一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子excited carefu二、用所给词的适当形式填空二、用所给词的适当形式填空6(中考淮安)Emilys mother didnt allow her to watch her favourite programme Running Man and it made her _(happy)7Messi is an excellent football _(play)8(中考贵阳)It is _(possible)for me to do too many things in two days.Can you help me?9It was _(amaze)that the man could ride the bicycle backwards.10Students should answer questions loudly and _(clear)in class.unhappy playerimpossibleamazingclearly二、用所给词的适当形式填空unhappy player三、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空三、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空11(中考嘉兴)The world changed faster after the _ of the computer.12Linda is the big _of the car race.13Do you know about the _ culture?invention winnereasternusual,win,polite,east,invent【点拨点拨】句意：琳达是这次汽车比赛的大赢家。句意：琳达是这次汽车比赛的大赢家。win是一个是一个动意思是动意思是“赢，胜利赢，胜利”。根据这句话的意思可知，这里是。根据这句话的意思可知，这里是说说Linda是个大赢家，故应该用它的名词形式，即是个大赢家，故应该用它的名词形式，即winner。三、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空invention14We should always speak _to our parents.15It is _ very crowded(拥挤的)here.politely usuallyusual,win,polite,east,invent【点拨点拨】句意：我们应该总是有礼貌地跟我们的父母说话。句意：我们应该总是有礼貌地跟我们的父母说话。polite是一个形容词，意思是是一个形容词，意思是“有礼貌的有礼貌的”，在句中可以作，在句中可以作表语或定语。根据句意可知，这里修饰动词表语或定语。根据句意可知，这里修饰动词speak，故应该，故应该用副词形式，即用副词形式，即politely。【点拨点拨】句意：这儿通常很拥挤。这里需要用表示频率的句意：这儿通常很拥挤。这里需要用表示频率的词词usually。14We should always speak _