《公路施工新技术》课件

公路施工新技术2004年12月1公路施工新技术2004年12月1223344施工过程5施工过程5施工过程新技术自检碾压机移动式拌和楼红外线摄影机混合料传送机6施工过程新技术自检碾压机6778899101011111212不均匀密度的影响同压密不够类似增加剥落与水损减少疲劳寿命增加空隙率1%将至少减少10%的寿命13不均匀密度的影响同压密不够类似131414151516161717不均匀密度的位置18不均匀密度的位置18温差超过14C空隙率增加2%19温差超过14C19材料传递机20材料传递机202121材料传递机拌和叶片摊铺之前的再拌和22材料传递机摊铺之前的22施工工艺自动化计算机技术应用卫星和激光定位技术遥控技术图控技术机器眼技术动态反馈和传感技术人机对话技术23施工工艺自动化计算机技术应用23卫星定位技术24卫星定位技术24激光定位技术25激光定位技术25遥控技术26遥控技术26遥控挖掘装载机27遥控挖掘装载机27碾压自动化28碾压自动化28多台碾压机碾压自动化29多台碾压机碾压自动化293030机器眼探测裂缝31机器眼探测裂缝31机器眼安装路面标记32机器眼安装路面标记32自动封缝机33自动封缝机33图控技术34图控技术34人机对话35人机对话35遥控管涵安装机36遥控管涵安装机36遥控挖掘装载机37遥控挖掘装载机37桥梁除漆机器人38桥梁除漆机器人38自动扫雪洒盐机39自动扫雪洒盐机39路面新技术超级性能路面玛蹄脂沥青碎石混凝土路面永久路面40路面新技术40混合料主要特点混合料主要特点混合料主要特点混合料主要特点严格的材料选择严格的材料选择旋转压密机和体积比设计旋转压密机和体积比设计 PGAGG%passingsieve size 0.45SGC41混合料主要特点严格的材料选择旋转压密机和体积比设计 PGAG沥青性能分级以天气为基础PG 64-22PerformanceGradeAverage 7-daymax pavementdesign tempMin pavementdesign temp42沥青性能分级以天气为基础PG 64-22PerformancThe higher theThe higher theGrade,the stiffer Grade,the stiffer the binder.the binder.The more rut The more rut resistance.resistance.PG PG 8282PG PG 7676PG PG 7070PG PG 6464PG PG 585843 43The lower theThe lower thenumber,the morenumber,the moreresistant toresistant tothermal cracking.thermal cracking.PGPG-22-22-28-28-34-344444集料特性集料特性集料特性集料特性基本特性基本特性 要求要求coarse aggregate angularity(CAA)fine aggregate angularity(FAA)flat,elongated particles(F&E)clay content(SE)来源特性来源特性 选择选择 toughnesssoundnessdeleterious materialspolish values45集料特性基本特性 要求4510010000.075.075.3.3 2.36 2.36 4.75 4.759.59.512.5 19.012.5 19.0Percent PassingPercent PassingSieve Size(mm)Raised to 0.45 PowerSieve Size(mm)Raised to 0.45 Power级配级配级配级配461000.075.3 2.36 4.75控制点控制点控制点控制点10010000.075.075.3.3 2.36 2.36 4.75 4.759.59.512.5 19.012.5 19.0Percent PassingPercent Passingcontrol pointcontrol pointrestricted zonerestricted zonemax density linemax density linemaxmaxsizesizenomnommaxmaxsizesizeSieve Size(mm)Raised to 0.45 PowerSieve Size(mm)Raised to 0.45 Power47控制点1000.075.3 2.36 4.Marshall MethodSFSCBFBCSR48Marshall MethodSFSCBFBCSR4819.0 mm25.0 mm37.5 mm9.5 mm4.75 mm12.5 mm4919.0 mm25.0 mm37.5 mm9.5 mm4.7AGGREGATE GRADATIONNominal Size:19.0 mm SMA&19.0 mm SuperpavePercent Passing SMASuperpave50AGGREGATE GRADATIONPercent Pas19.0 mm Superpave5119.0 mm Superpave51Insert I-70I-70 Ndesign-96 19.0 mm SMAVTM-4.352Insert I-70I-70 Ndesign-9AGGREGATE GRADATIONNominal Size:12.5 mm SMA&12.5 mm SuperpavePercent PassingSMASuperpave53AGGREGATE GRADATIONPercent PasI-8312.5 mmPG 70-22 Binder54I-83 12.5 mm54First 12.5 mm SMAI-68Ndesign-100 3.9VTM55First 12.5 mm SMAI-68Ndesign-热压密和紧跟摊铺机热压密和紧跟摊铺机!56热压密和紧跟摊铺机!56特性比较特性比较特性比较特性比较Rut ResistantRut ResistantDurableDurableSkid ResistantSkid ResistantReduced SprayReduced SprayReduced HydroplaningReduced HydroplaningReduced SoundReduced SoundSuperpaveSuperpaveSMASMA57特性比较Rut ResistantSuperpaveSMDecision Points Decision Points for using SMA as the for using SMA as the Surface Layer Surface Layer 2000 ESALs per day 55 mph58Decision Points 2000 ESALs永久路面路面设计概念59永久路面路面设计概念59永久路面路面设计概念抗疲劳沥青基层：通过厚度使拉应变最小60永久路面路面设计概念抗疲劳沥青基层：通过厚度使拉应变最小60永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层集料颗粒摩擦互锁：轧制和粗颗粒沥青胶结料：高温性能和改性空隙率：现场4%-6%61永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层集料颗粒摩擦互锁：61永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层车辙试验验证现场加速试验62永久路面路面设计概念抗车辙上面层车辙试验验证62上开裂63上开裂63华盛顿州永久路面州际高速公路90号47%没有破坏27-33年；路面24公分；第一次罩面12年；第二次罩面13年。64华盛顿州永久路面州际高速公路90号64厚度比较65厚度比较6566666767性能试验68性能试验68车辙仪69车辙仪69车辙仪试验结果70车辙仪试验结果70717172727373747475757676车辆噪音:engine,exhaust system,aerodynamic noise tire noise.For 90 kmph,pavement/tire noise dominates.Power train noiseCoast-by noise路面噪音77车辆噪音:Power train noise路面噪音77 FHWA -Noise Abatement Criteria 67 dB(A)“this is not an absolute value or design standard,only a level where noise mitigation must be considered”78 FHWA -NoiseThe Decibel ScaleHearing ThresholdConversationPain ThresholdDiscomfort79The Decibel ScaleHearing ThresThe Decibel ScaleIncreasing the decibel level by10 doubles the noise intensity!ConversationTrainChain Saw80The Decibel ScaleIncreasing th隔音墙和种树隔音墙和种树Erect Noise Walls or Plant Trees/Shrubs路面微观构造Control Surface TextureControl Surface Texture防止噪音措施81隔音墙和种树防止噪音措施81隔音墙隔音墙Effective only for those in line-of-sight.Do not reduce noise atsource.82隔音墙Effective only for those inEffectiveness must justify expense.Cases:I-40,Knoxville:$25,000/homeI-285,Atlanta:Requirements of 69 dB(A)and 67dB(A),5dB(A)Nationwide(FHWA,1998):$1M/mile隔音墙隔音墙83Effectiveness must justify expConclusions,“In general,when dense-graded asphalt and PCC pavements are compared,the dense-graded is quieter by 2 to 3 dB(A)”路面微观构造84Conclusions,“In general,when67 dB(A)15 mThe Decibel Scale8567 dB(A)15 mThe Decibel Scale8A reduction of 3 dB(A)is like doubling the distance from the noise.67 dB(A)30 m-3 dB(A)=64 dB(A)86A reduction of 3 dB(A)is likeConclusions:“In general,when dense-graded asphalt and PCC pavements are compared,the dense-graded is quieter by 2 to 3 dB(A)”A 3dB(A)reduction corresponds to:-doubling the distance-reducing traffic volume by 50%-reducing traffic speed by 25%87Conclusions:“In general,wheConclusions:“Open-graded asphalt shows the greatest potential for noise reduction for passby noise.Reduction when compared to dense-graded asphalt ranged from 1 to 9 dB(A).”A 9dB(A)reduction corresponds to:-a reduction in traffic noise by almost 50%!88Conclusions:“Open-graded aspOGFCsReduce Noise and Improve Visibility89OGFCsReduce Noise and ImproveNoise ReductionOpen vs Dense Graded MixesSource:NCHRP 28490Noise ReductionOpen vs Dense DOTs indicate a strong need for pavement noise control strategies.Proper selection of pavement surface is the best method to reduce noise from pavement/tire interactions.What Can Be Done?91DOTs indicate a strong need foOGFC is the quietest surface type.(Wayson,NCHRP Synthesis 268)SMA has also proven to be a quiet surface.(Wisconsin DOT,1993)Dense graded HMA surfaces are quieter than PCC pavements.(Hibbs and Larson,Report FHWA-SA-96-068,May 1996)Effect of Pavement Surface92OGFC is the quietest surface tNoise Makes News!Families Near I-275 is lobbying the Michigan DOT forsound abatement.In 1999,MDOT rebuilt I-275 withconcrete.Residents contend the project has increasenoise levels.Levels have been registered upwards of90 decibels.Steve Phillips of Berkshire,England-based TRLLimited spoke about Englands 10-year plan to install quieter surfaces on 60%of main trunk roads.The surfaces will be SMA or OGFC.93Noise Makes News!Families NearSummaryHighway noise is important to the public.Small changes in dB level are noticeable.Decrease of 9 dB(A)reduces noise by 50%Decrease of 3 dB(A)is like doubling distance94SummaryHighway noise is importSummaryNoise walls can work,but:They are expensive.They dont work in all types of terrain.Source of noise is still there.Asphalt pavements can reduce noise at the source by up to 9 dB(A).95SummaryNoise walls can work,bHot Mix AsphaltSummaryAsphalt pavements for noise reduction in order of effectiveness:OGFCSMADense-Graded HMAPCC96Hot Mix AsphaltSummaryAsphalt 公路施工新技术课件