主语从句课件讲义

“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.“How do you do?”is a grMake sentences Its certain.well be late.Is he coming or not？We dont knowWhat does he want to tell us?We dont knowWhen will you come back?It doesnt matter.Its certain that we will be late.That well be late is certain.We dont know whether he is coming or not Whether he is coming is not known.We dont know what he wants to tell us.What he wants to tell us is not known.When you will come back doesnt matter.It doesnt matter when you will come back.Make sentences Its certain.I主语从句主语从句（NounClausesastheSubject）定义：定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词连词that,whether；连接代词连接代词who,what和和which；连接副词连接副词when,where,how和和why。主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Su主语从句：主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词词that，whether，连接代词连接代词who，what，which，连接副词连接副词when，where，how，why等。等。主语从句：1.连接词：连接词：1）从属连词：）从属连词：that，whether等等.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。成分，但不能省略。That she left him cut him to the heart.That he will come is certain.1.连接词：1）从属连词：that，whether等.Th2)连接代词连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.Which side will win is not clear.由由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。放在句首，句后都可。Whether it will please them is not easy to say.2)连接代词who，what，which,whatev3)连接副词连接副词when，where，how，why等。等。Why he did it remains a mystery.When they will start is not known yet.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.2.位置：位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从做形式主语，而把主语从句，在句末，常用下面几种句型。句，在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It+be+表语表语 +主语从句主语从句表语：（名词，表语：（名词，形容词，过去分词）形容词，过去分词）3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。WhIt is still uncertain whether he is coming or not.It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting.It is a fact(a shame,a pity,good news)thatIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is true that I told her everything.It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.It is reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit.It is still uncertain whether 2）It+不及物动词不及物动词+主语从句主语从句It seemed(happened,doesnt matter,has turned out)that It happens that they were absent.It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.2）It+不及物动词+主语从句It happens that3)It+及物动词（被动语态）及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句主语从句It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.注意注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。可以省略。3)It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句It has b误：误：They should like each other is natural.正：正：That they should like each other is natural.正：正：It is natural that they should like each other.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，引导，但是如果用但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用在句末时，也可以用if引导引导.误：误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.误：They should like each other 4).用于用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat.句型中句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用谓语动词用“should+动动词原形词原形”的形式的形式,should有时可以省略。有时可以省略。5)在在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required中中,that从句的谓语也应该用从句的谓语也应该用“should+动词原形动词原形”的形式的形式,should有时可以省略。有时可以省略。4).用于It is important/natur5.5.主语从句需注意的问题主语从句需注意的问题(1)主语从句中用陈述语序主语从句中用陈述语序What she is afraid of is their taking her to Paris.(What is she afraid of Wrong)(2)主语从句后谓语动词用第三人称单数主语从句后谓语动词用第三人称单数That they havent phoned is strange.(3)that引导的主语从句中，引导的主语从句中，that不可被省略不可被省略That price will go up is certain.5.主语从句需注意的问题(3)that引导的主语从句中，t6.It 6.It 6.It 6.It 作形式主语和作形式主语和作形式主语和作形式主语和itititit引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较It作作形形式式主主语语代代替替主主语语从从句句，主主要要是是为为了了平平衡衡句句子子结结构构，主主语语从从句句的的连连接接词词没没有有变变化化。而而it引引导导的的强强调调句句则则是是对对句句子子某某一一部部分分进进行行强强调调，无无论论强强调调的的是是什什么么成成分分，都都可可用用连连词词that。被被强强调调部部分分指指人人是是也也可可用用who/whom。例如：。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.6.It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作7.what与与that在在引引导导主主语语从从句句时时的的区别区别what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成成分分，如如主主语语宾宾语语表表语语，而而that则则不不然。例如：然。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)That she is still alive is aconsolation.What在此引导主语从句,又做said的宾语That 只起连接作用,不做成分 7.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.2.You have made a mistake is a fact.3.That is certain that we can win.4.No matter who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.5.It is important that a student learns a foreign language.we shallThat you haveIt isWhoevershould learn改错练习改错练习1.Where shall we spend the holDescribe your mother with your partner.Suggested structures:What my mother likes is_.What my mother doesnt like is _Whether my mother would fell happy is _Why my mother would be happy is _Why my mother feels upsad is_Describe your mother with your1.I read about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?（01北京春季北京春季)Awhere Bwhat Chow Dwhich2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.（04上海）上海）A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how3.Fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(00上海）上海）A.What B.That C.This D.Which（D）(B)(B）1.I read about it in some boo1._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent3._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever 1._ you dont like him i 6._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.7.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“_isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.ItthatItwhat 6._ is a fact that Engl1.I have always been honest and straightforward,and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to.A.who is it B.who it is C.it is who D.it is whom 2.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how 1.I have always been honest an3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;thatC.That;what D.That;because3._ made the school prou4._ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where5._ that they can pass the written exam this time.A.That is hoped B.It is hoped C.It hopes D.That hopes4._ we will go camping t5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who6._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItCD 5._ leaves the room la7._inthenewspaperthatthepriceoffoodwillgoup.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.IthassaidD.Heissaid8.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forBB 7._ in the newspaper tha9.Thereisnodoubt_.A.thatMr.HansenisingoodhealthB.whetherisMr.HansenhealthyC.ifMr.HansenshealthwasreturningD.whetherMr.HanseninhealthA 9.There is no doubt _10.TheForeignMinistersaid,“_ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.ItisD 10.The Foreign Minister sai11.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_atleastaforeignlanguage.A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmasterB 11.It is necessary that a