英美概况ppt课件

An Introduction to Britain and America -Kelly英美概况ppt课件The necessity of leaning this course1How to learn the course more efficiently?2Course Arrangement3The necessity of leaning this 1.The necessity of leaning this courseThe requirement of your majorTEM-82.How to learn the course more efficiently?Pre-reading workIn-class workAfter-class workMass ReadingExercise 1.The necessity of leaning thVolume One:The United KingdomVolume One:The United KingdomChapter one&three:Land and people(4 weeks)Chapter two:English history (3 weeks)chapter four:Family and life,media(1 week)Volume One:The United KingdomBooks for References丁国声丁国声.致用英语致用英语-英语国家概况英语国家概况MM.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社,2008.,2008.来安方来安方.英美文化与国家概况英美文化与国家概况MM.复旦复旦大学出版社大学出版社,2008.,2008.王恩铭王恩铭.英语国家概况英语国家概况MM.上海外语上海外语教育出版社教育出版社,2008.,2008.谢福之谢福之.英语国家概况英语国家概况MM.外语教学外语教学与研究出版社与研究出版社,2007.,2007.Books for References英美概况ppt课件Mailbox:My QQ:123234890Chapter One Land and PeopleLand and PMailbox:1When we mention the UK,What impresses you most?When we mention the UK,What iChapter OneChapter OneChapter OneLand and People Section one The British Isles and Great BritainFocus questions:What is the full name of the British state?What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles,Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom?Describe the geographical position of Britain.Does Britain have a favorable climate?Why?What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain?Which part of Britain has most rainfall and which part is the driest?Different Names for BritainWhy is England or the UK sometimes called BritainBritain?When people say EnglandEngland,they sometimes mean Great Britain,sometimes the United Kingdom,sometimes the British Isles-but never England.England is sometimes,wrongly,used in reference to the whole United KingdomUnited Kingdom,the entire island of Great BritainGreat Britain (or simply BritainBritain),or indeed the British IslesBritish Isles.This is not only incorrect but can cause offence to people from other parts of the UK.Dept.of Foreign StudiesDifferent Names for BritainWhyWhat is the British Isles?The British Isles is a geographical term which includes Great Britain,the whole of Ireland,and all the hundreds of small ones,most notably the Isle of Man which has its own parliament and laws.Dept.of Foreign StudiesWhat is the British Isles?ThePolitically,the British Isles is made up of U.K.and Republic of Ireland.Dept.of Foreign StudiesPolitically,the British IslesGreat BritainGreat BritainGreat Britain refers to the largest island of British Isles which includes three political divisions:England,Scotland,and Wales.It is an island lying off the western coast of Europe,comprising the main territory of the United Kingdom.Dept.of Foreign StudiesGreat BritainDept.of Foreign SIs Great Britain the same as Britain?Yes,sometimes people use the shorten name Britain instead of Great Britain.And sometimes,people just say“Britain”to refer to U.K.Dept.of Foreign StudiesIs Great Britain the same as BWhat is the official name of the UK?The official name of the UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The United Kingdom is made up of:England-The capital is London.(60%)Scotland-The capital is Edinburgh.Wales-The capital is Cardiff.Northern Ireland-The capital is Belfast.Numerous smaller islandsDept.of Foreign StudiesWhat is the official name of tWhere is the UK?The UK is situated north-west of the European continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea.It has a total land area of 244,820 square kilometers.The UK is a member of the European Union(EU).one of the five permanent membership of the UN Security Council.a founding member of NATO.one membership of the Group of Eight.Dept.of Foreign StudiesWhere is the UK?The UK is situGeographical location(1)The UK is an _ country.The UK is located in the _ Europe.The UKislandnorthwesternGeographical location(1)The U Geographic location(2)The UK is a country of island surrounded by _(to its east),_(to its north),_(to its west and between Great Britain and Ireland),_(to its south).North seaIrish seaAtlantic oceanEnglish Channel and Strait of Dover Geographic location(2)TMap of the UKRead the map to find:Atlantic Ocean North SeaIrish Sea The English Channel(The Channel Tunnel)The Republic of IrelandMap of the UKRead the map to fLocation and territoryLocation of the UK:The mainland areas lie between latitudes 49N and 61N andlongitudes 8W to 2ETotal territory:242,910 square kilometersInteresting Fact:Interesting Fact:No one in the UK lives more than 120 km(75 miles)from the sea.Location and territoryLocatiBritain is situated in western Europe and is separated from the European continent by the North Sea,the Strait of Dover and the English Channel.It is an insular country.Its coastline runs 12,429 km,It is one of the countries with longest coastline.To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean,across and beyond it is America.Britain is situated in westernThe Physiographical Features of the UKthe Highland Zone of the north and westthe Lowland Zone of the south and southeastThe Physiographical Features oThe Highland ZoneThe Highlands of ScotlandThe Central Lowlands(Middle Valley of Scotland)The Southern UplandsThe PenninesThe Lake District of CumbriaThe Highland ZoneThe HighlandsThe Physiographical Features of the UKNorthern Ireland:Its mostly hilly.Wales:Its mostly mountainous.South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales.Scotland:Its geography is varied,with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west.England:it consists of lowland terrain,with some mountainous terrain in the north-west,north and south-west.Ben Nevis in Scotland the highest point in UKThe Physiographical Features oRivers and Lakes The longest river:Severn River(354 kilometers long)The second longest river:Thames(332 kilometers long)The largest Lake:Lough NeaghThamesRivers and LakesThamesEnglandEnglandEnglandA flatland country,also called Lowland zonePennines:the backbone of EnglandLake districtHighly urbanized -80%of population living in cities -only 2%working in agriculturePhysically largest with largest populationDominance in:size/culture/economy -take England for UK EnglandA flatland country,alsLake District a scenic spota scenic spotin North West EnglandA popular holiday destinationbeing famous for its lakes and its mountains its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and other poets.Lake Districta scenic spotin NLake PoetsWilliam Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge Robert SoutheyPoetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.-William WordsworthLake PoetsWilliam Wordsworth SLake poetsI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud -William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host,of golden daffodils;Beside the lake,beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.Lake poetsLake poetsThe waves beside them danced;but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company:I gazed-and gazed-but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft,when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.Lake poetsThe waves beside ScotlandScotlandScotland A mountainous countrythree natural zones:The Highlands in the north the central Lowlands the southern Uplands Ben Nevis:the highest mountain in the UKA country of castlesScotland The highlands in Scotland：sparsely populated,with many mountain ranges dominating the region,and including the highest mountain in the British Isles,Ben NevisThe film:Brave Heart The highlands in Scotland：WalesWalesWalesua mountainous countryu in the west of Great Britain.u takeing up less than 9%of the whole island.WalesNorthern IrelandSmallest among the four nations in BritainMostly rural,low hills,beautiful lake in the south-west,rugged coastlineNorthern IrelandSmallest among1）The British Isles a geographic term which includes two large islands,and ,and 5,000 small islands.2）Great Britain:comprises only England,_ and _.3）Ireland island:includes Northern Ireland and southern Ireland.Northern Ireland is a part of ,while southern Ireland became an independent country .4）The UK:is made up of and .is made up of ,_ and_ Ex1:Fill in the blanks below.Great BritainIreland islandScotlandWalesThe UKRepublic of IrelandGreat BritainNorthern IrelandEnglandScotland WalesNorthern Ireland1）The British Isles a geograpEx2:What is the reference of each picture?British Isles,the UK,Great Britain,Scotland,England,or Wales?123456The UKScotlandGreat BritainEnglandBritish IslesWalesEx2:What is the reference ofClimateBritain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate.We never know what the weather will be like from one day to the other.It can be sunny one day and rainy the next.As we have such a variable climate changing from day to day,it is difficult to predict the weather.ClimateBritain is an island coTemperate Climate/favorable maritime climateThe overall climate in England is called temperate maritime.This means that it is mild with temperatures not much lower than 0C in winter and not much higher than 32C in summer.It also means that it is damp and is subject to frequent changes.favorable maritime climate-winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool,not too hot,and it has a steady reliable rainfall the whole year.Dept.of Foreign StudiesTemperate Climate/favorable maSpring(March-May)Summer(June-August)wonderful sunny weather,can also be cool or wetTemperatures fluctuate from around 6-11C.May can have very warm days-up to about 18C.Most days in summer are warm to hot,but evenings can be cool.Temperatures average around 14-30C,although it can be up to around 35C on some days.Spring(March-May)SumAutumn(September-November)Winter(December-early March)In autumn there can be very warm days,but equally there can be cool ones too.Temperatures fluctuate around the 7-18C mark,but are likely to be much warmer in September than November.Winter sees Britains shortest and coolest days(about 7-8 hours of daylight)but these can be crisp and bright.Temperatures fluctuate from around 1-5C.Autumn(September-November)Warmest and coldest monthsWarmest and coldest monthsRainfallRainfallFactors Influencing English Weather1）The surrounding waters tend to balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer;环绕四周的海水。冬天，海水可使岛内气温升高，夏天则使气温降低，从而起到平衡季节温差的作用；2）The prevailing south-west winds or the Westerlies blow over the country all the year round bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperatures moderate;一年四季盛行的西南风和西风在冬季从大西洋带来温暖、潮湿的空气，使气温适宜；3）The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.北大西洋暖流经不列颠群岛西海岸，使气候变暖。Factors Influencing English WeThe English Language1.Old English2.Middle English3.Modern English 4.Standard EnglishThe English Language1.Old English(5th 11th)Language of Angle-SaxonsInfluenced byOld NorseLatin and Greek words Danish words1.Old English(5th 11th)LanBeowulfThe most famous work from the Old English period is the epic poem”Beowulf”(approximately AD 900)Hwt!We Gar-Dena in geardagum,eodcyninga,rym gefrunon,hu a elingas ellen fremedon.Oft Scyld Scefing sceaena reatumBeowulfThe most famous work fr2.Middle English(11th 15th)Status French replaced English as the official language,and English became the Language of lower class pig pork sheep mutton cattle beefDevelopment English increased in importance after the Black Death2.Middle English(11th 15thThe Canterbury Tales written by Geofery Chaucer,14th centuryWhan that Aprill,with his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the roote And bathed every veyne in swich licour,Of which vertu engendred is the flour;Geoffrey ChaucerThe Canterbury TalesGeoffrey3.Modern English(15th)The printing pressbrought standardization of EnglishSamuel Johnsons dictionaryestablished a standard form of spellingRenaissanceassimilated foreign words throughout the Renaissance The Industrial Revolutionnecessitated the introduction of new words for new things and ideasThe rise of the British Empire or the Commonwealth of Nationsled to the assimilation of words from many other languages3.Modern English(15th)Othelloby William Shakespeare 1603La:Tho in the trade of warre,I haue flaine men,Yet doe I hold it very ftuft of Confcience.To doe no contriud murrher;I lacke iniquity Sometimes to doe feruice:nine or ten times,I had thought to haue ierkd him here,Vnder the ribbes.Oth.:Tis better as it is.Which can be translated as:La:Though in the trade of war I have slain man,Yet do I hold it very stuff o the conscience.To do no contrived murder:I lack iniquity Sometimes to do me service:nine or tem times I had thought to have yerkd him here under the ribs.Othello:Tis better as it is.ShakespeareOthelloShakespeare4.Standard English based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern Englandadopted as a broadcasting standard in the British media also called as Queens English or BBC English based on the London dialectbecoming a universal Lingua Francathe world language4.Standard English based on t Section two People and the stateOverall population:over 60 millionsDistribution:England:about 50 millionScotland:over 5 millionWales:around 3 millionNorthern Ireland:about 1.7million Sec EthnicityThe majority of this population are descendents of the Anglo-Saxons Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendents of the Celtic people The Irish people were also Celtic in originimmigrants EthnicityPercentage of total UK Population Ethinc Groups of totalWhite British 85.7%White Irish 1.2%White(other)5.3%Mixed race 1.2%Indian 1.8%Pakistani 1.3%Bengali 0.5%Other Asian(non-Chinese)0.4%Black Caribbean 1.0%Black African 0.8%Black(others)0.2%Chinese 0.4%Other 0.4%Percentage of total UK PopulatBritish Political SystemFocus questions:1.What is a constitutional monarchy?When did it begin in Britain?2.What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?3.What are the main function of Parliament?4.What does the Cabinet consist of?5.What are the two major parties in Britain today?6.Who are the members of the House of Lords?What is the function of the House of Lords?British Political SystemFocusBritish Political Systemkey words:MonarchyParliamentGovernment CabinetPolitical PartiesGeneral ElectionBritish Political Systemkey wo