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Building Quality Into On-The-Job PerformanceLaura GreggBuilding Quality Into On-The-JTechnologyIncreasing demands of technologyTechnologyIncreasing demands oTechnologyHardwareSoftware“Techno-ability”“Techno-ability”Components of technologyTechnologyHardware“Techno-abil“Techno-ability”“Techno-ability”HardwareSoftwareEngineeringOperationsOperationsWork areas“Techno-ability”HardwareEngine“Techno-ability“Techno-abilityHardwareSoftwareDoingDoingUnderstandingUnderstandingDevelopingDevelopingCreatingCreatingEngineeringOperationsOperationsWhat is required of people“Techno-abilityHardwareDoingUDoingDoingUnderstandingUnderstandingDevelopingDevelopingCreatingCreatingOJTOJTClasses,CBTClasses,CBTExperienceExperienceHow we learnDoingUnderstandingDevelopingCrDoingDoingHow do we think about“doing”?JobsJobsDutiesDutiesTasksTasksProceduresProceduresStepsStepsHomeownerHomeownerYard workYard workCut lawnCut lawnStart mowerStart mowerPull ropePull ropeJobAnalysisTaskAnalysisFocus on doingDoingHow do we think about“doJob Job AnalysisAnalysisVerifyVerifyReviseReviseApproveApproveTaskTaskMatrixMatrix1.List the procedures1.List the procedures2.List completion criteria2.List completion criteria3.Identify or document3.Identify or document standard practice standard practiceTaskTaskAnalysisAnalysisVerifyVerifyTaskTaskAnalysisAnalysisTeam(s)Team(s)Job-holderJob-holderor SMEor SMEPanelPanelProjectProjectTeamTeamManagersManagersMentorMentorLearnerLearnerReviseReviseApproveApproveSOJTSOJTGuide&Guide&StandardStandardPracticesPracticesLearningLearningCertifierCertifierCertificationCertificationJob VerifyReviseApproveTask1.YardYardExteriorExteriorPlumbingPlumbingHeatingHeatingCut LawnCut LawnWeed GardenWeed GardenFertilizeFertilizePaintingPaintingClean GutterClean GutterClear DrainClear DrainWashersWashersFiltersFiltersSet TStatSet TStatOil FurnaceOil FurnaceThis process is called This process is called Job AnalysisJob Analysis.The result is a chart of The result is a chart of WHATWHAT has to be done.has to be done.Job analysis for Homeowner=TasksYardExteriorPlumbingHeatingCutAdd Gas to MowerAdd Gas to MowerCut LawnCut LawnAdjust Cutting LevelAdjust Cutting LevelStart MowerStart MowerEmpty Grass BagEmpty Grass BagMix GasMix GasChange Oil,PlugsChange Oil,PlugsSharpen BladeSharpen BladeOverhaul EngineOverhaul EngineBasicIntermediateAdvancedThis process is called This process is called Task AnalysisTask Analysis.The result is a document on The result is a document on HOWHOW the task should be done.the task should be done.Task analysis for Cut Lawn=ProceduresAdd Gas to MowerCut LawnAdjustAdd Gas to MowerAdd Gas to MowerProcedures refer to Standard PracticesStandardPracticesAdd Gas to MowerProcedures refJob analysisDone by a panel of 3-15 job holders or subject matter expertsTakes two days of facilitated workResult is Task Matrix Matrix verified by panelYardExteriorPlumbingHeatingCut Lawn Weed GardenFertilizePaintingClean GutterClear DrainWashersFiltersSet TStatOil FurnaceJob analysisDone by a panel ofJob analysis outcomesRole clarityJob descriptionEducation/training requirementsJob analysis outcomesRole clarWhere this job analysis process worksTechnical Technical or highly or highly structured structured jobsjobsSocialSocialor highly or highly contextual contextual jobsjobs上下文的Where this job analysis procesTask analysis Done for each task on Task Matrix Uses two SMEs working with atechnical writer Takes approximately one hour per task Result is Structured OJT Guide Structured OJT Guide verified by panelTask:Cut the Lawn1.Add gas to the mower A103-52.Set the cutting levelC563.Start the mowerC734.Change the grass bag X104-5.Task analysisDone for each tasTask analysis outcomesList of proceduresCompletion criteriaReference to best practicesTask analysis outcomesList ofSOJT Guide example page1 1Add gas to mowerAdd gas to mower2 2Adjust cutting levelAdjust cutting level3 3Start mowerStart mower4 4Empty grass bagEmpty grass bagProcedureProcedure#Task:Task:Cut lawnCut lawnDuty:Duty:Yard workYard workSOJT Guide example page1Add gaProcedure list outcomesRefined task matrixClearer job descriptionBetter understanding about knowledge and skill requirementsSupport for on-the-job trainingProcedure list outcomesRefineSOJT Guide example page1 1Add gas to mowerAdd gas to mower2 2Adjust cutting levelAdjust cutting level3 3Start mowerStart mower4 4Empty grass bagEmpty grass bagCompletion CriteriaCompletion CriteriaReferenceReferenceGauge reads“full”Gauge reads“full”MowDoc#22MowDoc#22SafeDoc#8CSafeDoc#8CBlades are set to correctBlades are set to correctheight for grass lengthheight for grass lengthMowDoc#23MowDoc#23Mower starts and runsMower starts and runssmoothly and steadilysmoothly and steadilyMowDoc#35MowDoc#35Operator empties bagOperator empties bagwhenever it is fullwhenever it is fullMowDoc#37MowDoc#37CompostDoc#7CompostDoc#7ProcedureProcedure#Task:Task:Cut lawnCut lawnDuty:Duty:Yard workYard workSOJT Guide example page1Add gaStructured OJT Provides a definitive training plan Clarifies expectations Provides a map and current status Occurs with a mentor(subject matter expert,lead or senior person)who has been trained to train others Offers structured guidance and practice in a real-world settingStructured OJTProvides a definGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Getting our arms around the joGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Job or Node TitleHomeownerGetting our arms around the joGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000List of DutiesYardExteriorPlumbingHeating.Getting our arms around the joGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Task MatrixYardExteriorPlumbingHeatingCut LawnWeed GardenFertilizePaintingClean GutterClear DrainWashersFiltersSet TStatOil FurnaceGetting our arms around the joTask:Cut the Lawn1.Add gas to the mowerA103-52.Set the cutting levelC563.Start the mowerC734.Change the grass bagX104-5.Getting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Structured OJT GuideTask:Cut the Lawn1.Add gas tGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Task:Cut the lawn1.Add gas to the mowerA103-52.Set the cutting levelC563.Start the mowerC734.Change the grass bagX104-5.Getting our arms around the joGetting our arms around the job1 11010100100100010001000010000Standard PracticesGetting our arms around the joJob analysis tips Points to ponder Stay on the road to“what”Be prepared to respond to workplace problems Pitfalls to avoid Detours to“how”or“who”Traditional skill categoriesJob analysis tipsPoints to ponTask analysis tips Points to ponder Choose credible task analysis team members Focus on critical tasks and procedures Pitfall to avoid Insufficient team member support so that they can do the analysis workTask analysis tipsPoints to poStructured OJT tips Points to ponder Identify and plan communications content and timeline for all stakeholders Carefully choose and train mentors Pitfalls to avoid Skipping the pilot run Failing to provide a formal feedback channelStructured OJT tipsPoints to pWhat questions do you have?What questions do you have?
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