名词性从句课件

Noun Clauses NounClauses11.ItisknowntoyouallthatIamanEnglishteacher.2.YouknowthatIamanEnglishteacher.3.WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam.4.ThefactthatIamanEnglishteacherisknowntoyouall.Findtheclausesandtellthefunctionofthem:thatIamanEnglishteacherthatIamanEnglish teacher.WhatIamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.thatIamanEnglishteacherSubjectClauseObjectClauseSubjectClausePredicativeClauseAppositiveClause连接词连接词+名词性从句名词性从句(陈述句语序陈述句语序即主即主+谓谓)1.Itisknowntoyouallthat2由由_引导，在复合句中起引导，在复合句中起_作用的从句叫名作用的从句叫名词从句词从句(Noun Clauses)。它在复合句中能担任。它在复合句中能担任_等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为句又可分别称为_。名词性从句名词性从句连接词连接词名词名词主语、宾语主语、宾语、表语、同位语表语、同位语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句由_引导，在复合句中起_作用的从句叫名词从句3谓语动词/介词名词WhenweshallholdthemeetingdependsonwhetherJohncanreturntomorrow.系动词TheproblemiswhenJohnwillcomeback.Weexpressedourhopethatwecouldvisitthecountryagain.谓语动词/介词主语从句表语从句宾语从句名词同位语从句4看看从句从句中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用that.一找二查三选：从句从句：缺少什么成分缺少什么成分：意思适合的连接词意思适合的连接词连词选择总原则：连词选择总原则：看从句中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成5I.名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词连接词：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分无意义无意义2.连接代词连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever,whatever3.连接副词：连接副词：when、where、why、how“是是否否”作状语作状语作主作主/宾宾/表表I.名词性从句的引导词：连接6众所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周纪念日。众所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周纪念日。YouallknowthatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterday.IthinkitknowntoyouallthatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterday.ThatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterdayisknowntoyouall.ItisknowntoyouallthatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterdayThefactthatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterdayisknowntoyouall.WhatisknowntoyouallisthatitwasthethirdanniversaryoftheWenchuanearthquakeyesterday宾宾从从主主从从同位语从句同位语从句表语从句表语从句众所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周纪念日。宾主同位语从句表语从句7.语序问题语序问题.连接词连接词that,what,which,whether,if,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whoseverwhen,where,why,how.it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语的用法形式宾语的用法.时态问题时态问题7.同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气.主谓一致问题主谓一致问题重点重点名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳:8.8.含有插入语的名词性从句含有插入语的名词性从句.语序问题.连接词that,what,whi9名词性从句在句中要用名词性从句在句中要用_语序语序,从句从句的引导词必须始终置于的引导词必须始终置于_1.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike陈述陈述总结归总结归纳纳：2.You cant imagine _ when they receivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited从句句首从句句首考点考点1 1语序问题语序问题名词性从句在句中要用_语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于_102.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_（travel）fasterthansound.travels总结总结归纳：归纳：c.c.主句的动词用主句的动词用一般现在时一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选从句谓语可根据需要选用用各种各种时态时态1.Hesaidthathewillgotothestation.3.TomsaysthatMary_(go)abroadlastyearand_(be)therefornearly5months.a.a.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，时，从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用过去过去的某种时态的某种时态b.b.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，时，从句表示从句表示客观事实，格言，谚客观事实，格言，谚语语等等 ，从句谓语动词从句谓语动词用用一般现在时一般现在时wenthasbeenwould考点考点2 2时态问题时态问题2.Ourphysicsteacheronceto11何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般一般用用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用动词用_形式。形式。总结归总结归纳：纳：单数单数复数复数hasWhen they will startandwhere they will go_(be)stillunknown.何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.arehas单数单数考点考点3主谓一致问题主谓一致问题何时开会还没有决定。Whenthemeetingwi121.How and why he did the experiment are unknown to all.2.How he did the experiment and why he did the experiment is unknown to all.3.When he did the experiment has not been decided yet.判断下列句子是否正确判断下列句子是否正确 isareHowandwhyhedidtheexperim13基本句型基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)doa.Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange,advisableetc)+thatb.Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc)+thatc.Itissuggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insistedetc)+that1.Itisorderedthathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold总结总结归纳：归纳：考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气 a)a)主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词+that14We suggested that the meeting _A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff总结总结归纳：归纳：表示表示建议、要求、命令建议、要求、命令,坚持坚持等等动词动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order后的从句谓语动词用后的从句谓语动词用_注意注意suggest当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“讲时，讲时，insist表表示示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，之意时，从句按需要来选择时态从句按需要来选择时态(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was考点考点考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气b)b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气 Wesuggestedthatthemeeting15a.IwishI_(know)theanswernow.b.Iwishhe_(pass)theexamyesterday.c.IwishI_(fly)tothemooninafewyears.对现在虚拟时对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时从句中谓语用过去时对过去虚拟时对过去虚拟时，用用had过去分词过去分词对将来虚拟时对将来虚拟时，用用would(might等等)动词原形动词原形knewhadpassedwouldfly总结归总结归纳：纳：考点考点考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气b)b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气a.IwishI_(know)thea16在在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即拟语气，即_1.His suggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.2.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didntstopC.stopD.notstop总结总结归纳：归纳：(should)+do/bedone考点考点考点考点4 4 4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 c)c)c)c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,171.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.itIt找出下列句子中的错误找出下列句子中的错误总结归总结归纳：纳：当当主主语语从从句句较较长长，而而谓谓语语较较短短时时，常常常常将将从从句句_，而而用用it作作为为形形式式主主语语置置于于句句首首。it也可作形式也可作形式宾语。后置后置形式宾语形式宾语形式主语形式主语考点考点考点考点5it5it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语thatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.whenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.1.Ithinkthatworthwhileth18用用it it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1)Itis名词名词从句从句Itisafactthat事实是事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识是常识(2)Itis形容词形容词从句从句Itisnaturalthat很自然很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是奇怪的是(3)It不及物动词不及物动词从句从句Itseemsthat似乎似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧碰巧Itappearsthat似乎似乎(4)Itbe+过去分词过去分词从句从句Itisreportedthat据报道据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实已证实Itissaidthat据说据说用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis名词从19Wethinkitimportantthatwelearnaforeignlanguage.Weconsideritourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.该句型中的该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：6123结构结构 6指主句中常用的动词：指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式宾语指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或短语或that引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。Wethinkitimportantthatwe201._isknowntousallthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.2.Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these _isknowntousall,the2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon._isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.WhichItAsWhat1._isknowntousallth21总结归总结归纳：纳：_等同类词等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而而_等等只能引导让步状语从句。只能引导让步状语从句。whatevernomatterwhat_yougoand_youdo,Illberightherewaitingforyou.whereverwhateverNomatterwherenomatterwhat任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。_oughttoturnoffthelight.他所有的东西都被日本士兵占领了。他所有的东西都被日本士兵占领了。_wasseizedbytheJapanesesoldiers.WhoeverleavestheroomlastWhateverhehadb)whatever/whoever/无论无论,不管不管however/whomever/whichever/考点考点考点考点6 6连接词连接词连接词连接词 让步状语从句让步状语从句总结归纳：_等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，wh221Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever2._,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateheisB.HoweverheislateC.NomatterhowlateheisD.Nomatterhowheislate3_wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.WhoExercises1Sheisverydeartous.Weh23Thathewantstogothereisobvious.Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow.Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Theresultisthatwewonthegame.无无无无宾语从句中宾语从句中可省可省，其余，其余不可省不可省是否是否无无主语，主语，宾语，宾语，表语表语有有1）that与与whether的区别的区别()1.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05广东卷广东卷)2.Wedoubt_hewilldefeattheothers.3.Theproblemis_wehaveenoughtime.4.Itdoesntmatter_youcomeornot5.Italldependson_theskyisgoingtoclearup.6.Hedoesntknow_tostayornot.A.ifB.thatC./D.whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2）whether和和if的区别的区别That表确定表确定whether表是否表是否只能使用只能使用whether不用不用if的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用直接加动词不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接连用时不用直接连用时不用if1._(What/That/whether)wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（08山东卷）山东卷）2._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.what;thatC.That;thatD.That;what3._madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhatwhetherBWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecauseWhat与与that的区别的区别缺少成分缺少成分即主，语，表语时用即主，语，表语时用what考点考点连接词连接词c).that/whether/whatWhatwhetherThathewantstogothereiso244.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where1.（08重重庆庆卷卷）33.Allpeople,_theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however2.（08北京卷）北京卷）Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whotheplace高考链接高考链接3.(09浙江）浙江）10Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?Noproblem.A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what4.Amoderncityhasbeenset251)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter2)Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.wherewhat=allthat,everythingthat含义：含义：表示表示“的东西或事情的东西或事情”：what=allthat,everythingt261)Heisnolongerwhathewas.他已经不是以前的那个样子。他已经不是以前的那个样子。Heiswhatisgenerallycalledatraitor.他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？2)Iwanttobelovedandlikedfor_Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.howwhat含义：含义：“的人或的样子的人或的样子”（身份或地身份或地位）位）what含义：“的人或的样子”（身份或地位）27Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.thatThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。what=allthat,everythingthat含义：含义：的地方的地方what=allthat,everythingth281)Atlastthesoldierreached_thelocalscalledtheGoldenTriangle.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.that2)Insomecountries,_arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythepublic.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.thatWhatonecalls./Whatscalled含义：含义：所谓的所谓的;人们称之为人们称之为的的Whatonecalls./Whats291)Hes_asabellyacher-hesalwayscomplainingaboutsomethingA.whoisknownB.whomisknownC.whatisknownD.whichisknown2)_somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.HowWhatoneknowsas/WhatsknownasWhatoneregardsas/Whatsregardedas含义：含义：人们称之为人们称之为的的Whatoneknowsas/Wh30同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句就是其内容。就是其内容。that在从句中在从句中_成分。而定语从句成分。而定语从句就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在从句中从句中_句子成分。句子成分。1.（09江西）江西）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.Thesuggestion_heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./3.Thesuggestion_thestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./总结：总结：不充当不充当充当充当做题顺序：做题顺序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否完整；二看_确定答案。确定答案。从句从句句意句意考点考点7同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句就是其内容。311.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,_shelikedme.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what2.Hetoldmethenews,believeitornot,_hehadearned$1000inasingleday.A.thatB.whichC.asD.because3._wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As考点考点8 8 含有插入语的名词性从句含有插入语的名词性从句shetoldmethoughIcouldbemistakenbelieveitornot1.Ithink,thoughIcouldbem32名词性从句在写作中的实际运用名词性从句在写作中的实际运用:写作中写作中,得高分的方法之一得高分的方法之一:改造低级句型改造低级句型,让让你的英语靓起来你的英语靓起来.WhathegavemewasnotonlyaChristmaspresentbutalsoaheartfulloflove.主语从句主语从句原句原句:Hegavemesomething.AnditwasaChristmaspresentandaheartfulloflove.2 2个简单句个简单句名词性从句在写作中的实际运用:写作中,得高分的方法之一:改33名词性从句在写作中的实际运用名词性从句在写作中的实际运用:Volunteersbelievethatsomeofthehappiestpeopleintheworldarethosewhohelptobringhappinesstoothers.原句原句:Someofthehappiestpeopleintheworldarethosepeople.Thosepeoplehelptobringhappinesstoothers.Volunteersbelieveit.3 3个简单句个简单句前前2 2句可以合成定语从句句可以合成定语从句Someofthehappiestpeopleintheworldarethosewhohelptobringhappinesstoothers.再与第再与第3 3句合成宾语从句句合成宾语从句名词性从句在写作中的实际运用:Volunteersbeli34Itiswellknownthat.Asweallknow,.Whatisknowntousallisthat.众所周知，众所周知，3月月11日日本发生了地震。日日本发生了地震。Itiswellknownthat.众所周知，35Thereasonwhy.isthat.TsunamihitsJapan地震发生的原因是大陆运动。地震发生的原因是大陆运动。Thereasonwhy.isthat.36Whatsurprisedmemostisthat.最使我吃惊的是许多汽车被冲走。最使我吃惊的是许多汽车被冲走。Whatsurprisedmemostisthat37 许多人无家可归，我不知道他们是否能重建家园。许多人无家可归，我不知道他们是否能重建家园。Idontknowwhether.Ihavenoideawhether.许多人无家可归，我不知道他们是否能重建家园。Idont38Translationusingnounclauses.1.众所周知，众所周知，3月月11日日本发生了地震。日日本发生了地震。2.地震发生的原因是大陆的运动。地震发生的原因是大陆的运动。3.最令我吃惊的是看到许多汽车被水冲走。最令我吃惊的是看到许多汽车被水冲走。4.许多人无家可归，我不知道他们许多人无家可归，我不知道他们是否是否能重建能重建家园。家园。5.我们国家已经提供了帮助的消息使我感到自我们国家已经提供了帮助的消息使我感到自豪。豪。6.我认为竭尽所能帮助他们是我们的责任。我认为竭尽所能帮助他们是我们的责任。ThenewsthatIthinkitourdutytoTranslationusingnounclauses391.ItiswellknownthatabigearthquakestruckJapanon11,March.2.Thereasonwhyithappenedisthatthecontinentsaremoving.3.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatalargenumberofcarswerewashedawaybythewater.4.Alargenumberofpeoplewerehomeless,andIhavenoideawhethertheycanrebuildtheirhome.5.Thenewsthatourcountryhasofferedhelpmakesmeproud.6.Ithinkitourdutytodowhatwecan(do)tohelpthem.1.Itiswellknownthatabig40 Homework:使用使用5个句子介绍以下所给内容。个句子介绍以下所给内容。众所周知，众所周知，3月月11日日本发生了地震日日本发生了地震,地震发生地震发生的原因是大陆运动，结果造成许多人无家可归，的原因是大陆运动，结果造成许多人无家可归，最令我吃惊的是许多汽车也被水冲走了。我不最令我吃惊的是许多汽车也被水冲走了。我不知道他们是否能重建家园，但我认为竭尽所能知道他们是否能重建家园，但我认为竭尽所能帮助他们是我们的责任。我们国家已经提供了帮助他们是我们的责任。我们国家已经提供了帮助的消息使我感到自豪。帮助的消息使我感到自豪。Homework:41Thank you!Thankyou!42