状语从句正式-课件

状语从句状语从句2020/12/121状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等9种。2020/12/122精品资料你怎么称呼老师？如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？教师的教鞭“不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘”“太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早”状语从句的分类2020/12/1251、时间状语从句：、时间状语从句：2020/12/126注意：注意：（1）when,as,while when即可引导持续性动作，又可即可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。如：的动作发生在主句动作之前。如：2020/12/127 When I was a boy,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（同时）（同时）When the lesson was over,we began our writing.（从句动作在前）（从句动作在前）2020/12/128 as引导持续性动作，侧重主句和从引导持续性动作，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。句的动作同时发生。I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.He sang as he walked.2020/12/129While：指的是：指的是“在某一时间里在某一时间里”，“在在期间期间”，从句里的动作必须是，从句里的动作必须是 持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。作的对比。2020/12/1210如：如：While we were watching TV,he was writing a composition.2020/12/1211 while也可做并列连词，表示对照的也可做并列连词，表示对照的意思。如：意思。如：He is tall while his brother is short.当当when,as,while表示表示“在在一段一段时间里时间里”，主从句的动作同时发生时，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：可以换用。如：While(When或或As)we were discussing,Mr.Smith came in.2020/12/1212 (2)by the time,each time,every time,immediately,the moment,the instant,the minute,soon after,shortly after都可以作为连词，引导都可以作为连词，引导时间状语。时间状语。2020/12/1213by the time 1)到时候为止 通常引导一个时间状语从句，表示“到的时候为止”主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。值得注意的是，当从句用过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时。例如：By the time l got to the station，the train had already gone。By the time he was fourteen,he had taught himself advanced mathematics.By the time you get to get to Greenwich you will have seen the most historic parts of London.2020/12/1214soon after 不久以后Paula became pregnant soon after they were married.Shortly after那不久之后那不久之后.那以后不久那以后不久I began to clean the classroom shortly after I got to school 2020/12/1215 Each time he came,he would call on me.You must show him in immediately he comes.I recognized him the moment I saw him.2020/12/1216(3)till和和until 如果主句谓语动词是持续动词，如果主句谓语动词是持续动词，通常用肯定式的主句，表示通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到直到为止为止”。如：。如：I worked till(until)he came back.2020/12/1217 如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词，如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词，则用否定式的主句表示则用否定式的主句表示“直到直到 才才”。如：。如：I didnt go to bed until(till)he came back.2020/12/1218放在句首表示强调时一般用放在句首表示强调时一般用 until。如：。如：Until he returns,nothing can be done.2020/12/12192、地点状语从句：、地点状语从句：通常由连词通常由连词where,wherever和和everywhere 引导。如：引导。如：Go back where you came from.Wherever you go,you must write to your parents.Where there is a will,there is a way.She follows me everywhere I go.2020/12/12203、原因状语从句：、原因状语从句：通常由连词：通常由连词：because,as,since,now that引导。区别是引导。区别是:because：表示：表示“因为因为”，直接而明确的，直接而明确的原原 因和理由，语气最强，因和理由，语气最强，why提提 问的句子，一般都用问的句子，一般都用because 回答。回答。He didnt come because he was ill.2020/12/1221since：表示：表示“既然既然”，语气比，语气比because弱。弱。Since you are here,you must do it.as：表示：表示“因为因为”语气比语气比because轻，轻，引引 导从句可放主句前也可放主句后。导从句可放主句前也可放主句后。You neednt go with me as you are busy.As I was afraid,I hid myself.2020/12/1222now that意思与意思与since相似，表示相似，表示“既然既然”。Now that you are in High School,you will probably spend more in reading.Now that all the guests have arrived,lets have our dinner.2020/12/1223注意：注意：在强调句中强调原因状语从句，在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用只能用because引导，不可用引导，不可用as或或 since，如：，如：It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us.2020/12/1224 because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而 as,since不可以，这时状语一不可以，这时状语一 般都是般都是it,this,that Its because he is too lazy.2020/12/1225 for也表示也表示“因为因为”，但是并，但是并列列 连词，它连接的不是状语从连词，它连接的不是状语从 句，语气比较强。句，语气比较强。It must be morning,for the birds are singing.2020/12/12264、目的状语从句：、目的状语从句：通常由通常由that,so that,in order that,lest,in case（以防、免得）等引导：（以防、免得）等引导：He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.She studied hard so that she could pass the final-exam.I explained again and again in case he misunderstand me.2020/12/1227lest(以免，免得以免，免得),for fear that I hid the book lest(=for fear that)he see it.目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might),can(could)should,will等情等情 态动词。态动词。2020/12/12285、结果状语从句：、结果状语从句：由由that,so that,sothat,suchthat引导：引导：It was very cold,so that the river froze.There were so many people(=such a lot of people)in the room that we could not get in.He made such an excellent speech that every one admired him.2020/12/12296、条件状语从句、条件状语从句:由由 if,unless,as long as(=so long as)(只要只要),in case(that)(如果，万如果，万一一)等引导：等引导：If plastics and rubber are burned,they give off dangerous gas.2020/12/1230 Unless you work hard,you will fail,You can go out,as long as(so long as)you promise to be back before eleven.2020/12/1231 In case I forget,please remind me about that.注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来时，只能用现在词的时态不可用将来时，只能用现在时态表示将来时。时态表示将来时。2020/12/12327、方式状语从句：、方式状语从句：由连词：由连词：as,as if,as though引导：引导：The teacher told the students to do as he did.Leave it as it is.He heard a noise,as if someone was breathing.2020/12/1233 as if和和as though意义和用法大致一意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气He treats me as if I were his own son.Smith talked as he had done all the work himself,but in fact Tom and I did most of it.2020/12/12348、比较状语从句：、比较状语从句：由连词由连词asas,not so(as)as,than等引导：等引导：I hope it was as good as the one you lent me.2020/12/1235 No one can be more fit for his office than he is.He cant run so fast as she.2020/12/1236注意：注意：“the+比较级比较级(接从句接从句)，the+比比较较 级级(接主句接主句)，这一句型也归在比，这一句型也归在比 较状语从句内。如：较状语从句内。如：The more you study,the more you know.The harder we work,the happier we feel.2020/12/12371.1.让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引导：让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引导：1 1）though,althoughthough,although2 2）even though,even ifeven though,even if3 3）whatever,whenever,however(+whatever,whenever,however(+adj.),whetheradj.),whetheror not,or not,no matter whetherno matter whether or not.or not.9、让步状语从句：、让步状语从句：2020/12/1238whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-ever2020/12/1239no matter whono matter whatno matter whichno matter whenno matter whereno matter howno matter wh-2020/12/1240 Though he is old,yet he is active.Although most of the people agreed,some were not willing to accept.Young as the child is,he knows something about electricity.We wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.2020/12/1241 Whenever(=no matter when)you call on me,you are always welcome.Wherever(no matter where)you work,you can always find time to study.Take the one you like best,whichever(no matter which)it is.2020/12/1242 No matter what I say or how I say it,he always thinks Im wrong.Whether he comes or not,well discuss the problem this afternoon.2020/12/1243注意：注意：（1）让步状语从句在句中的位置）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时强调从句内容。后置时强调从句内容。2020/12/1244 （2）though与与although同义，用同义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与but连用，但可以与连用，但可以与yet,still等连用，等连用，用来加强语气。用来加强语气。Though(Although)he was tired,yet(still)he went on working.2020/12/1245（3）as引导让步状语从句时从句部分引导让步状语从句时从句部分 语序要部分倒装。如：语序要部分倒装。如：Young as he is,he can read and write in several foreign language.（表语提前）（表语提前）2020/12/1246 Child as he was,he had to support the family.（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）Surrounded as we were by the enemy,we managed to march forward.（分词提前）（分词提前）2020/12/124710省略现象 有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语含有动词be，主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是it，常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（特别是动词be）省略掉。注意状语从句中从句的省略现象2020/12/1248连接词+过去分词/现在分词/形容词/其他1.Dont speak until(you are)spoken to.2.Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street3.If(it is)possible,Id like to have two copies of it.可能的话，我想要两本。2020/12/12494.He is a good man,though sometimes(he is)rather dull.他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。5.While(I was)waiting,I was reading some old magazines.6.If(it is)carefully done,the experiment will be successful.7.She opened her lips as if(she was going)to say some thing.2020/12/1250