语法动名词作主语和宾语课件

动名词作主语和宾语一、概念 doing done to do动动名名词词现现在分在分词词1动名词作主语和宾语一、概念doing done to do动动名词作主语动名词作主语grammar2动名词作主语grammar2Write the sentences.读书增长我们的知识。读书增长我们的知识。爬山真是有趣。爬山真是有趣。游泳是我最喜欢的运动。游泳是我最喜欢的运动。早起是一个好的习惯。早起是一个好的习惯。Reading books widens our knowledge.Climbing mountains is really fun.Swimming is my favorite sport.Getting up early is a good habit.1.直接位于句首做直接位于句首做主语。主语。1）动名词作主语。）动名词作主语。注意谓语动词要用单数注意谓语动词要用单数。3Write the sentences.练一练读书增长我们的2）动名词的被动式（being done),也可当主语。被人取笑是件令人痛苦的事。长期暴露在阳光下对皮肤有害。3)动名词的否定式，是在doing前加上not.不努力（不努力（）will result in failure.4).动名词的复合结构作主语他没有回来（made us worried.他的粗心()led to the accident.Being laughed at is a painful thing.Being exposed to sunlight for too long time will do harm to ones skin.His not coming back）Not working hardHis being careless42）动名词的被动式（being done),也可当主语。4)2.使用形式主语使用形式主语it it it it，而将动名词句尾。，而将动名词句尾。Its no use/useless doing Its no good doing Its a waste of time doing Its(no)fun doing 干干 是有（无）趣的是有（无）趣的和她争吵是没有用的。吸烟是没有好处的，你最好放弃。在这里等着是浪费时间。Its no use arguing with her.Its no good smoking,youd better give it up.Its a waste of time waiting here.52.使用形式主语it，而将动名词句尾。和她争吵是没有用的。3.用于there be 结构中There is no point（in）doing做做是没有意是没有意义的的Theres no point(in)getting angry.批注：主语要和表语一致给予就是得到。教也是学。眼见为实Giving is receiving.Teaching can be learning as well.Seeing is believing.63.用于there be 结构中批注：主语要和表语一致给予2)动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象或习惯性动作；不定式多用来表示特指或某次具体的动作。_(Walking/To walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old._(Walking/To walk)in the garden is what I want to do this afternoon.72)动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语。在意义上相近。但动名词用于布告形式的省略用于布告形式的省略结构中。结构中。No smoking(=No smoking is allowed(here).No parking.8用于布告形式的省略结构中。No smoking(=N动名词作宾语动名词作宾语grammar9动名词作宾语grammar9常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。不准冒险凭想象。consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse,pardon admit,delay/put off,fancy avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practise deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate cant help,mind,allow/permit,escape forbid,risk,imagine 10常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，consid2）某些短语（特别是某些含有介词的短语）后，需要用动名词作宾语。常用短语有：常用的带介词 to 短语有:lead to/look forward to/devote to/pay attention to/be(get)used to/get down to(开始认真干)/object to/be opposed to（反对)/be addicted to（沉溺于）其他:cant help（情不自禁)/insist on/feel like/put off(推迟)/cant bear/stand（不能忍受）feel like/succeed in/depend on/be fond of/be worth/in addition to/have difficulty/hard time in doing112）某些短语（特别是某些含有介词的短语）后，需要用动名词作宾3)某些词后既可加不定式又可加动名词，但意义截然不同，需要引起极大注意！如：go on to do(做完一件事后)接着做另一件事 go on doing 继续做（原来做的事）After a break,the teacher went on _(to give/giving)his lessonAfter finishing his home work,he went on_(sweeping/to sweep)the floor.remember to do 记着要做（动作未发生）remember doing 记得做过（动作已发生）123)某些词后既可加不定式又可加动名词，但意义截然不同，需要I remembered to post the letter.我要记住把信寄出去。（未寄）I remembered posting/having post the letter.我记得把信寄出去。（已寄）forget to do 忘了去做 （没做）forget doing/having done 忘记以前曾做过 （做过忘了）I forgot to post the letter.我忘了去寄信。(没寄）I forgot posting/having post the letter.我忘了曾寄过信了。(寄了，但忘了）13I remembered to post the lette regret to do(say/tell/inform/announce)遗憾地 (对将要做的事抱歉)regret doing/having done 后悔做了 (对已经发生的事感到后悔)I regret _(say)I cant come.I regret _(spend)so much money the on car.mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人）mean doing 意味着（主语一般是物）You really mean _(go)Being late means _(wait)for another hour.14 regret to do(say/tell/infor try to do 设法/尽力/努力去做 try doing 尝试着去做（看有何结果）Since the front door wont open,why not try _(open)the back door?Try _(write)better in your exam.stop to do 停下来做（另一件事）stop doing 停止做（原来做的事）He stopped _(say)to his teacher on the way.When the bell rang,we stopped _(talk)cant help(to)do 不能帮助做 cant help doing 禁（忍）不住做15 try to do 设法/尽力/努力去做 try I cant help _(cook).Im too busy.On hearing joke,they couldnt help _(laugh)be used to do 被用来做 be used to doing 习惯于/适应于 Wood is used to _(make)paper.He has been used to_(get)up early.4)动名词表示被动意义:动词 need,require,want 表示“需要”时，其后跟动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。即:doing need/want/require+to be done16I cant help _(cook).IThe door needs/wants/requires _(repair)_2)作作动词或介或介词的的宾语Do you mind my/me smoking?I insist on Marys/Mary going there.我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。I heard of your/you being ill.我没听说你病了17The door needs/wants/requires 3）用法：（1）一般式 doing/being done 的用法当动名词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后或不强调(没有)明确的先后关系时，用一般式。He kept smiling.(与谓语动作同时发生)I am thinking of going there.(发生在谓语之后)Finding work is difficult.(没有明确先后关系)若动作表示被动，要用 being done 这种形式.He did it without _（ask).No one enjoys _(laugh)at.He was lucky to escape _(kill)183）用法：（1）一般式 doing/being done 的(2)完成式：having done/having been done用法如果要动名词所表示的动作（明显的）发生在谓语动作之前发生，则可用用动名词的完成形式；若表被动，要用having been done的形式。I cant remember _(meet)him.I regret _(not take)her advice.He admitted _(do)wrong.I cant remember _(give)the chance to do it.He didnt mention _(beat)by others.19(2)完成式：having done/having bee练习:1._the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement AThe president will attend BThe president to attend C.The president attended DThe presidents attending2.-What made him so unhappy?-_ the ticket for the football match.A.Having been lost B.Lost C.Because of losing D.Losing20练习:1._the meeting himse3Fishing is his favorite hobby，and_ Ahes like to collect coins as well Bhe feels like collecting coins，too Cto collect coins is also his hobby Dcollecting coins also gives him great pleasure213Fishing is his favorite hobb4One learns a language by making mistakes and _them Acorrect Bcorrecting Ccorrect Dto correct5Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _some schools for poor children Aset up Bsetting up Chave set up Dhaving set up224One learns a language by mak6Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party Ahaving not been invited Bnot having invited Chaving not invited Dnot having been invited236Tony was very unhappy for _7You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well,now I regret _that Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Dhaving done247You were brave enough to r8.(2011上海)Its no use _ without taking action.A.complain B.complaining C.being complainedD.to be complained9.(2011四川)Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad.Her parents are old.A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study258.(2011上海)Its no use _ 10The library needs_，but itll have to wait until Sunday Acleaning Bbe cleaned Cclean Dbeing cleaned2610The library needs_，bu11.He did quite well,_ everything into consideration.A.taken B.taking C.to take D.having taken12._ surprised us very much.A.Her coming B.She coming C.She came D.Mary coming2711.He did quite well,_ e13.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking14.I must apologize for _ ahead of time.A.letting you not know B.letting you know not C.letting not you know D.not letting you know2813.How about the two of us _ 15.While shopping,people sometime cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to pursue B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 16.Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh,yes.How often I have regretted _ his advice!A.to take B.taking C.not to take D.not taking29 15.While shopping,people som17.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bringC.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing18.-Let me tell you something about the writer.-Dont you remember _ me the story?A.told B.telling C.tell D.to have told3017.Have you forgotten _$10018.His room needs _,so he must have it _.A.painting;painted B.painted;paintingC.painting;painting D.painted;painted19.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch20.You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.A.walked B.walk C.to walk D.walking3118.His room needs _,so he 21._to the meeting surprised all us.A.Mike coming B.Mike came C.Mike coming D.Mikes coming 22.Its no use _that you didnt know the rules.A.you pretend B.you pretending C.your pretending D.your pretend 23.His parents insist on _ to college.A.he should go B.he go C.his going D.him to go3221._to the meeting surprise24.What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospitalAhis not allowing Bhis not being allowedChis being not allowedDhaving not been allowed25.(05北京)When asked by the police,he said he remembered _ at the party,but not_.A.to arrive;leaving B.to arrive;to leaveC.arriving;leaving D.arriving;to leave3324.What worried the child mosp经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量pStudyConstantly,AndYouWillKnowEverything.TheMoreYouKnow,TheMorePowerfulYouWillBe写在最后34经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量写Thank You在别人的演说中思考，在自己的故事里成长Thinking In Other PeopleS Speeches，Growing Up In Your Own Story讲师：XXXXXX XX年XX月XX日35Thank You35