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Unit 10 Career Planning11.Lead-in2.TextA:HowtoChangetheWorld3.TextB:HowWillYouMeasureYourLife?2Lead-inLead-in3Lead-in Discussion1.Howdoyouthinkisonespersonalityrelatedtohiscareer?2.Whattraitsshouldapersonhavetobeasuccessfulbusinessman?3.Whatisyouridealcareer?Andwhatpreparationshaveyoumadeforit?4 Discuss with your partner what personalities or skills are needed for each of the following jobs?EducatorSalespeoplePRHRPoliticianArtistsLead-in Discussion5Studythefollowingpersonalitymodelsandthendiscusswithyourpartneraboutyourpersonalitiesandthetypesofjobsyoueachmayfit.Lead-in Discussion6Prentice Hall,2001Chapter 8The“Big-Five”PersonalityModelExtroversionAgreeablenessConscientiousnessEmotionalStabilityOpenness7Prentice Hall,2001Chapter 88HollandsPersonality-JobFitTheoryTypePersonalityOccupationsRealisticInvestigativeSocialConventionalEnterprisingArtisticShy,Stable,PracticalAnalytical,IndependentSociable,CooperativePractical,EfficientAmbitious,Energetic Imaginative,Idealistic Mechanic,Farmer,Assembly-Line WorkerBiologist,Economist,Mathematician Social Worker,Teacher,CounselorAccountant,ManagerBank TellerLawyer,SalespersonPainter,Writer,Musician 8 1.How does personality affect career?Someemploymentopportunitiesrequireapplicantstotakeexams,oftenincludingpersonalitytests.Thisplacesthepersonalityasakeydeterminantofwhetherapersondoesordoesnotgetaposition.Ifsomeone is rejected for a position because of apersonalitymismatch,itbecomesmorelikelythatthenextoccupationalchoicewillleantowardadifferentfield.Lead-in Hints9Apersonwithapersonalitynotsuitedtothejobwillperformfarworsethanawell-suitedperson.Putan introvert in a job that requires constantcommunication,and you might be looking atsomeonethatperformspoorlyonaday-to-daybasis.Otherfields,suchascreativeanddesignfields,needto be occupied by people with an aptitude forinventiveness.Mismatches can produce poor jobperformanceandultimatelyleadtoalternativecareerchoices.Lead-in Hints10Successisntalwaysaboutmatchingajobtoapersonality;itcanalsoresultfromthepersonalityopeningupmoreopportunitiesintheworkforce-oftenthrougheffectivenetworking.Extrovertstendtohaveamuchlargernetworkthanintroverts,affectingthenumberofexternalconnectionstheyhavetotheworkforce.Thiswillplacethematadistinctadvantageifitmeanstheywindupwithmoreoccupationalchoices.Lead-in Hints112.What traits do you need to be a successful entrepreneur?StrongleadershipqualitiesHighlyself-motivationStrongsenseofbasicethicsandintegrityWillingnesstofailSerialinnovatorsCompetitivespiritUnderstandingthevalueofastrongpeernetworkLead-in Hints123.What other factors may affect ones career?Apart from personality,other factors affecting onesoccupationalchoicemayinclude:EducationFamilyenvironmentSalaryInterest/hobbiesDignityandrespectOpportunityPeergroupsAndothers?Lead-in Hints13Lead-in Career Cartoons What can you get from the cartoons?14Lead-in Career Cartoons15Lead-in Career Cartoons164.Discuss the following career planning charts.Are they reasonable to you?1)Lead-in Career Ladder172)Lead-in Career Ladder18Design your own career ladder and exchange it with your friends.Lead-in Career Ladder19Click the website to learn more about how to plan your career.What do you think of the“Career Joke”in your book?What lesson can you learn?Lead-in Website 20Text AText AHow to Change the WorldHow to Change the World21Structural AnalysisPara.Main TopicsPara.1-5Alan and his friend Karl were skiing,discussing which run to take.Para.6-45Alan was confronted with three job opportunities and wondered which one was the most suitable for him.Para.46-62Unknowing which job to choose,Alan drove to his favorite cousins to seek for her opinion.22Part I Questions about Part IQ1.Whats the main idea of Part I(Para.1-5)?AlanandKarlhesitatedatwhichruntotakefortheirskiingasthereweremanyofthem,witheachofferingdifferentopportunityandviews,indicatingthedifficultdecisionAlanneededtomakeaboutthenextstageofhiscareer.23Q2.How is this part related to the theme of the whole text?Thispartworksastheprologuetoleadthereaderintothe story,in which the writer has indicated theproblem Alan is now confronted with,namely,toomanyopportunitiesforhimtochoosefrom.Thismayimmediatelyarousereadersinterestastheproblemisquiteoutoftheirexpectations.Part I Questions about Part I24Q3.What is the similarities between Alans skiing and his career decision?1)Both involve several choices which respectivelyoffersdifferentopportunitiesandviews.2)Bothrequireshimtobewellequippedwithdifferentskills,andgetphysicallyandmentallyready.Part I Questions about Part I25Q4.What can we infer from this part about Alans characteristics?ThroughthedetaileddescriptionofAlansbehaviorandlanguage,wemayinferthatheisabrave,risk-takingyoungmanwithadeterminedwill.Butheisalso a little bit indecisive at making importantdecisions.Part I Questions about Part I26 Q5.In Para.2,the author says“People think its miserable to have no options,he thought,but in a way,its more stressful to have too many.”Do you agree?Have you ever got similar experience?Whenwehavenooptions,wemaystarttosearchforone,andtheaimisclearandwell-defined.Butwhenwehave too many choices,especially when each offersdifferentopportunitiesandrisks,weneedtospendmoretimeanalyzingthegainsandlossesandweighingtheirimportancerespectively,anditbecomesmoredifficultforustoforsakeanyone.Part I Questions about Part I27 Alan was feeling reflective.(Line 2,Para.2)Alans mind was engaged in thinking aboutsomethingelse.Part I Sentence Interpretation28diehard(Para.2)n.someonewhoopposeschangeandrefusestoacceptnewideasAlso adj.synonyms:blimp,fanatic,intransigent,stick-in-the-mudexample:afewdiehardfans Part I Words and Expressions29entertained(Para.4)vt.toconsideranidea,etc,orallowyourselftothinkthatsomethingmighthappenorbetruesynonyms:harbor,hold,imagineexample:Shecouldneverentertaintheideaoflivinginthecountry.entertainanidea/hope/thoughtetc.Part I Words and Expressions30Chute:achanneldownwhichfallingmaterialsareguided斜道，溜槽Part I Notes31Q1.Whats the main idea of Part II(Para.6-Para.45)?Alanisnowstuckinadifficultsituationhehastoomany job opportunities to choose from.He mayeitherworkinLSMtomakemoneyhandoverfirst,or join hands with Shirori to become a socialentrepreneur,or get a promotion in his presentcompany.Whateverchoicehemakes,hisfinalaimistomakeadifferenceinHelpandHope,thecharityorganization his mother had established before shedied.Part II Questions about Part II32Q2.“Moguls in the Making”What does this sub-title imply?Theword“mogul”herehasadifferentmeaningthantheoneinline1,para.4.Hereitmeans“someonewhohasgreatpowerandinfluenceinaparticularindustry”,indicatingAlanisapromisingyoungmanandisnowintheprocessofgrowingintoaninfluentialperson.Part II Questions about Part II33Q3.In the sentence,“Karl had asked Alan,a bit delicately,how things were going.”(Para.6),what does word“delicately”suggest?The word suggests that Karls questions are well-designedandcarefullyasked,lesthewouldhurtAlan,whosemotherhadalreadydiedbythistime.Part II Questions about Part II34Q4.“But its so corporate,isnt it?”(Para.10)What does this sentence mean and why did Karl say this to Alan?ThesentencemeansthatGrepter,thecompanywhereAlanis now working,is too big and well-established toundertakeanyreform.Everythinghasbeensetinfixedprocedures or rules that it nearly becomes bureaucraticandthereisnomoreopportunity.KarlistryingtosoundAlan out so as to suggest him moving to his owncompany.Part II Questions about Part II35Part II Questions about Part IIQ5.What project is Alan in charge of in the present company now?Alan is responsible for a merger with a Swisscompany,Schweitzer,which was the biggest dealhedeverworkedon.Hehasinvestedplentyoftimeand energy in it and it is really a good test of hisability.36 I mean,sure theres risk,but its mainly about being smarter than the average bear.(Line 3,Para.20)Inthissentence,KarlencouragedAlantomovethenewpost,wherethelattercouldmakealotofmoneyas he was smart and risk-taking.“Bear”refers tosomeonewhosellssharesorwhentheyexpectthepricetofall.Part II Sentence Interpretation37Part II Sentence InterpretationIn his mind he ticked off all the requirements.（Line 3,Para.33）The sentence suggests that Alan has successfullyaccomplishedalltherequirementsforthismergerandthedecisionfromthetopwouldbeapositiveone.38flat out (Para.10)a)asfastaspossible example:Everyonesworkingflat out tofinishontime.b)(American English)inadirectandcompleteway=straightoutask/tell somebody flat out example:Sheaskedhimflat out ifhewasseeinganotherwoman.Part II Words and Expressions39dangled(Para.10)v.tooffersomethinggoodtosomeone,inordertopersuadethemtodosomething synonyms:lure,temptexample:Agoodpaypackageandacompanycarweredangledinfrontofher.Part II Words and Expressions40Part II Words and Expressionsinflated(Para.17)1)inflatedprices,amounts,etc.arehighandunreasonablegrossly/vastly/hugely inflated example:Companydirectorsarepaidgrosslyinflatedsalaries.2)inflatedideas,opinionsetc.aboutsomeoneorsomethingmakethemseembetter,moreimportantetc.thantheyreallyare example:Hehasaveryinflatedopinionofhimself.41Part II Words and Expressionsmake a mint(Para.25)makealargeamountofmoneyexample:She made a mint onthestockexchangelastyear.42Part II Words and Expressionsflush(Para.26)adj.if someone is flush,they have plenty ofmoneytospendsynonyms:abundant,moneyed,in funds,rich,well-suppliedexample:Imfeelingflushatthemoment.43Part II Words and Expressionstick off(Para.35)tomarkthethingsonalistwithaticktoshowthattheyhavebeendealtwith,chosenetc.example:1)Asyoufinisheachtask,tick it off.2)Haveyouticked off Katesnameonthelist?44hedge funda private investment fund that participates in arange of assets and a variety of investmentstrategiesintendedtoprotectthefundsinvestorsfromdownturnsinthemarketwhilemaximizingreturnsonmarketupswings对冲基金对冲基金Part II Notes45Part II NotesOysters Rockefellerconsists of oysters on the half-shell that havebeentoppedwithvariousotheringredients洛克菲勒烤牡蛎洛克菲勒烤牡蛎46SchweitzerSchweitzerEngineeringLaboratories,Inc.designsandmanufacturessolutionsforprotection,monitoring,control,automation,andmetering of electric power systems.Thecompanyprovidessecurecommunications;transmission,distribution,and generator andmotorprotection.施瓦哲工程实验公司施瓦哲工程实验公司Part II Notes47Part III Questions about Part IIIQ1:Whats the main idea of Part III(Para.46-Para.62)?Notknowingwhichonejobtochoose,Alandrovetohisbestcousinshomeforheradvice,whoshowedfulladmirationandrespecttoAlansachievement,butwhodidnotgiveeffectiveadviceintheend.Alanwasstillstuckinthefog.48 Q2:“Id be making a difference for some very unfortunate people right now,and that would be gratifying,but”(Line 3,Para.58)What worries did Alan have with the California offer?What is omitted here?AlanworriedthathemightnotbetherightpersonforShiorisoffer,aswhathereallywantedtodoistomake more money to run his mothers charity.Therefore,hemightwanttosay“butIm notsurewhether it is the right place for me to make adifference.”Part III Questions about Part III49 Rhetoric SpeechHis visits had a bittersweet side.Bittersweet is an oxymoron,which means“theyoking together of two expressions which areincompatible,sothatincombinationtheyhaveno conceivable literal reference to reality”.(Leech,1969:132)矛盾修饰法e.g.Themajoragainpressedtohisblueeyesthetipsofthefingersthatweredisposedontheedgeofthewheeledchairwithcarefulcarelessness(Dombey and son)50Part III Sentence Interpretation 1.“But thats counting chickens.”(Line 7,Para.58)What does this sentence implicate about Alans opinion on the third offer?Literally,itmeans“itstooearlytofeeljoyfulaboutthisoffer”.AsthiswasanewmergerprojectandAlanwouldbesenttosuperviseit,hewasnotsureifhewaseligibleforitorifthisnewpositioninZurichwouldhelphimachievehisobjective-tomakeadifferenceintheworld.Everythingwasstillsovagueanduncertain.51Part III Words and Expressions light-headed(Para.48)adj.unabletothinkclearlyormovesteadily,forexample during a fever or after drinkingalcoholsynonyms:dizzy,bird-brained,feather-brained,hazy,deliriousexample:The sun and the wine had made him a littlelight-headed.52tumble(Para.48)vi.tomoveinanuncontrolledwaysynonyms:stumble,toddle,toppleexample:1)Wetumbledoutintothestreet.2)tumbleinto/through/outetc.Part III Words and Expressions 53dazzle(Para.54)synonyms:astonish,daze,fascinate,impress,overwhelm1)ifaverybrightlightdazzlesyou,itstopsyoufromseeingproperlyforashorttimeexample:Thedeerwasdazzledbytheheadlights.2)tomakesomeonefeelstrongadmirationexample:Aschildren,weweredazzledbymyunclesgoodlooksandcharm.Part III Words and Expressions 54chime(Para.64)v.tobethesameassomethingelseortohavethesameeffect:chime with example:Herviewsonlifedidntquitechimewithmine.chime in:tosaysomethinginconversation,especiallytoagreewithwhatsomeonehasjustsaid:example:“Wellmissyoutoo,”thechildrenchimed in.synonyms:sound,strike,tinkle,tollPart III Words and Expressions55 56Structural AnalysisThetextisclearlydividedbyalistofsubheadings,based on which the structure of the text goes asfollow:Introduction:Para.1-6Threequestionsconcerninglifeandcareer:Para.7Realsourceofahappycareer:Para.8-9Creatingapurposeforyourlife:Para.10-15Reasonableallocationofyourlimitedresources:Para.16-2057 Introduction:The author starts with one of his speecheswhere he was invited to apply his model ofdisruption to analyzing Intels situation.Yetduetothelimitedtime,hecouldnotconveyhis ideas thoroughly,indicating that even ifyouhaveamodel(pre-plannedpath),youstillneed enough time to think,analyze andarticulate.And it is the same with personalcareerplanning.Para.1-658Three questions concerning life and career：Theauthorencourageshisstudentstoapplyhistheoreticalmodeltothemselvesbyansweringthree questions concerning their career andlife,namely,how to design a happy careerpath,howtobalancecareerandlifeandhowtostayoutofjail.Asthetextisabridgedfromalong article,it mainly focuses on the firstquestion.Para.759 Real source of a happy career：Realhappinessinyourcareerdoesnotcomefrommoney.It comes from learning opportunities,responsibilities,contributions to others,andrecognition.Youngpeoplewhoareseekingforahappycareerpathshouldpaymoreattentiontothecorporatecultureandthemanagementstylethantothepay,withformerbeingtherealsourceofhappiness.Para.8-960 Creating a purpose for your life:Young people should spend some timethinking about their purposes of life,aroundwhich their career paths will be clearlyestablished and without which their life canbecome hollow.With a purpose,they mayhaveaclearaimtopursueandprofessionisatoolforthemtoachieveit.Para.10-1561Reasonable allocation of your limited resources:A good corporate culture and a satisfactorymanagementstyledonotnecessarilyensureasuccessfulandhappycareerpath.Negligenceof family or other close relationsanothersource of happinessmay also disrupt yourprofession.Therefore,young people need tolearn how to allocate their time and energyamongcareerandlife.Para.16-20621.Role-play:Workshop Introduction:Thisisarole-play.Studentsaresupposedtosearchforrelevantinformationbeforehandandthenplaytherolesonclass.Step one:Theinstructormaydividestudentsintogroupsof7-8personsandallocatedifferentrolestothem.Exercises Speaking63Step two:Theinstructorassignsthetasktoeachgroupandasksthemtosearchforinformationrespectivelyfortheirrolessothattheymaydothediscussioninthenextsession.Step three:On-classrole-playbegins,withonestudentineachgroupreadytoanswerquestionsproposedbyothermembers.Orhemayalsodiscussquestionstogetherwiththemratherthangivingananswer.Exercises Speaking64Step four:Eachgroupshouldsummarizetheoutcomeoftheirdiscussionsandpresentitbeforetheclass.Other requirements:ApartfromthethreequestionsmentionedinTextB,studentsmayalsoaskotherquestionsaboutcareer,bycombiningthedomesticandinternationalemploymentreality.Exercises Speaking65Questions for reference:Howtosynergizemyabilitywithcareer?Howtofindthejobmostsuitableformyability?Howtodisplaymyadvantagesandcorecompetence?Whatskillstoacquireforbetterperformance?Howtodesignmycareerpath?Howtoknowwhichprofessionisthemostsuitable?Exercises Speaking66Howtocompetesuccessfullyinthejobmarket?Howtodealwithofficepolitics?Howtodealwitha“bad”bossorco-worker?Howtobalancemylifeandcareer?Whatisthemostimportantfactortoconsiderwhenplanningmycareer?Howtoadjusttoanewcorporateculture?Whatpreparationstomaketoclimbuptheladder?Exercises Speaking672.Debate1)Obtaining certificates is the most important factor for students in career planning.Affirmative:Certificatesareofsuperimportanceinsearchingforjobs.Negative:Obtainingmanycertificatesdoesnotnecessarilyensureagoodworkingability.Exercise Debate68Exercise Debate2)Loyalty to company should be treasured most in promotion.Brainstormpersuasivethoughtsforaffirmativeandnegativesides.69Affirmative Loyaltyisanindispensablefactorinpromotion.Itsdangeroustopromoteacompetentpersonwhoisnotveryloyaltotheorganization.Promotingaloyalpersonmayencourageotheremployees toworkharderandbecomemorefaithfultothecompany.Loyalemployeesmaybringinnewpeopleandinjectingnewbloodtothecompany.70AffirmativeLoyalemployeeswouldtakethecompanysbenefitasthepriority.Loyalworkersareobedientandtrustworthyandwilltryeveryattempttoaccomplishtasksperfectly.Loyalstaffcanhelpcreateahistoryandacultureofstability.Loyaltyreducestheturnoverratesandthereforesavesalotoftimeandfundinrecruitingnewhiresandtrainingthem.71NegativePromotion is normally based on onesability,performanceandcontributiontothecompany.Aloyalpersondoesnotmeanthatheisabletoshouldermoreresponsibilitiesandmakemoreimportantdecisions.Promotionmayenhancepeoplesloyaltytotheorganization.72NegativeBeingpromotedtoahigherpositionontheonehandmeansearningabettersalary,whileonthe other,which is more important,meansleading a bigger team,displaying moreconvincing interpersonal and communicationskills,andtacklingmoreconflict.Thecompanymayencourageloyalemployeesthrough other motivating methods,but notnecessarilypromotion.73
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