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11第一讲第一讲名词名词2第一讲名词2名名词词专有名词：专有名词：Beijing、China、July、the Sun普通名词：普通名词：apple,pen,doctor （指一般的人，事物等）（指一般的人，事物等）人名、地名、事物、机构、国家等，首字母要大写。人名、地名、事物、机构、国家等，首字母要大写。定义：指人或事物的名称的词3名词专有名词：Beijing、China、July、the 普普通通名名词词可数名词可数名词不可数名词不可数名词：能够以数计算的事物的名词：不能以数计算的名词：不能以数计算的名词（milk,water,rice）（pen,student,desk）4普通名词可数名词不可数名词：能够以数计算的事物的名词：不能以appleappleappleapples sbookbookbookbooks sgirlgirlgirlgirls s5appleapplesbookbooksgirlgirls5busbusbusbusesesboxboxboxboxeses6busbusesboxboxes6watchwatchwatchwatchesesdishdishdishdisheses7watchwatchesdishdishes7试一试试一试beach beach brushbrushclassclasspeachpeachfox fox -beach-beacheses-brush-brusheses-class-classeses-peach-peacheses-fox-foxeses8试一试beach-beaches-brushebabybabybabbabiesiescherrycherries9babybabiescherrycherries9monkeymonkeymonkeymonkeys sboyboyboyboys s10monkeymonkeysboyboys10试一试试一试librarylibrarycitycityday day toytoybutterflybutterfly-librar-librariesies-cit-citiesies-day-days s-toy-toys s-butterflbutterfliesies11试一试library-libraries-citwolfwolfwolwolvesvesknifeknifekniknivesves12wolfwolvesknifeknives12巧记以巧记以f f或或fe fe结尾的名称结尾的名称树叶半数自己黄树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼架后窜出一只狼就像盗贼逃命亡就像盗贼逃命亡leafhalfselfwifeknifeshelfwolfthieflife13巧记以f或fe结尾的名称13tomatotomatoesespotatopotatoeses 14tomatoespotatoes 14以O结尾事真多英雄喜欢吃西红柿、土豆和芒果heroestomatoespotatoes mangoes15以O结尾事真多英雄喜欢吃西红柿、土豆和芒果heroestom名词的复数名词的复数(规则变化）规则变化）1.1.一般情况词尾一般情况词尾一般情况词尾一般情况词尾+s+s2.2.以以以以s,xs,x，chch，shsh结尾的结尾的结尾的结尾的+es+es3.3.以辅音以辅音以辅音以辅音+y+y结尾的，把结尾的，把结尾的，把结尾的，把y y改成改成改成改成i+esi+es但是元音但是元音但是元音但是元音+y+y结尾的，直接结尾的，直接结尾的，直接结尾的，直接+s+s4.4.以以以以f f，fefe结尾的把结尾的把结尾的把结尾的把f f，fefe改为改为改为改为v v，再加，再加，再加，再加eses5.5.以以以以 o o结尾的部分名词，加结尾的部分名词，加结尾的部分名词，加结尾的部分名词，加 eses16名词的复数(规则变化）1.一般情况词尾+s 1 12 23 36 65 54 417123654171818不规则变化不规则变化child-NOUN.NOUN.NOUN.NOUN.childrenman-men19不规则变化child-NOUN.childrenman-mgoose-geesefoot-feetmouse-mice20goose-geesefoot-feet mouse 1.单复数同形的名词：单复数同形的名词：羊，鱼羊，鱼,鹿鹿sheepfishdeer2.只有复数形式只有复数形式trouserspantsglasses可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）211.单复数同形的名词：可数名词的单3.单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）：单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）：1)改变中间元音改变中间元音footfeettoothteethgoosegeesemanmenwomanwomenmouse-mice2)词词尾加-en或-renchildchildrenoxoxen223.单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）：22有的单词虽然是有的单词虽然是s结尾，但是是不可数名词结尾，但是是不可数名词news（新闻）（新闻）physics（物理）物理）maths（数学）（数学）politics（政治）（政治）e.g.Mathsisausefullanguage.2323 合合成成词词的的复复数数lemon treetoy shopcomputer gamelemon treestoy shopscomputer games将主体词变为复数24 合成词的复数lemon treetoy shopcompman doctormen doctorswoman teacherwomen teachersChineseJapaneseEnglishmanFrenchmanAmericanGerman25man doctormen doctorswoman tea国人复数不难记中日人民一致的，英法联军a改e，其他国人加s,重点提防德国人。ChineseEnglishmanAmericanChineseEnglishmenAmericansJapaneseFrenchmanGermanJapaneseFrenchmenGermans26国人复数不难记中日人民一致的，英法联军a改e，Chines名词单数变复数的发音规则名词单数变复数的发音规则情况情况构成方法构成方法读音规则读音规则例词例词一般情况词尾加-s(1)清辅音/p/,/k/,/t/,/f/等后读/s/maps,books,boats(2)在浊辅/b/,/d/,/g/,/,/l/,/m/,/n/等和元音后读/z/verbs,birds,bags,kings,hills,names,pens 以-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾的名词词尾加-es读/iz/buses,watches,wishes,boxes 以-o结尾的名词词尾加-s或-es读/z/radios,kangaroos,heroes,potatoes 以-y结尾的名词(1)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es读/iz/cities,babies(2)以元音字母+y结尾的名词，加s读/z/days,boys,toys以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v，再加es读/vz/knives,leaves 27名词单数变复数的发音规则情况构成方法读音规则例词一般情况词尾Hey!Hey!Hey!Hey!WelcomeWelcomeWelcomeWelcome to my house!to my house!to my house!to my house!28Hey!Welcome to my house!28sheepHowmanysheeparethereinyourfamily?29sheepHow many sheep are there Therearesevensheep.30There are seven sheep.30Howmanymicearethereinyourfamily?mouse31 How many mice are there in yoThere are six mice.32There are six mice.32goose How many geese are there in your family?33goose How many geese are thereTherearetengeese.34There are ten geese.34练练 一一 练练看一看这些知看一看这些知识你都会了吗识你都会了吗？35练 一 练看一看这些知识你都会了吗？351.Ihavetwo_and_.A.leg,feetB.legs,footsC.legs,feet2.Howmany_arethereinthecity?A.factoriesB.factorysC.factorisD.factory3.Youmustcleanyour_everyday.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.teeths36I have two _and _.36()4.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.Germany D.Germanies()5.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxesD.sheep;foxs37()4.Some _ came t根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Different people may have different _.(idea)2.I often go to work on.(foot)3.I know one of the .(boy)4.Mr.Brown is wearing a pair of .(glass)5.Please give them their .(photo)6.Are there any in the box?(watch)7.There are twelve in a year.(month)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatches monthsNOUN.NOUN.38根据所给单词的正确形式填空：ideasfootboysgla
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