动名词的用法讲解ppt课件

GrammarGrammar动 名 词 的 用 法1一.动名的词形式 语态时态主 动 式被 动 式 一 般 式doingbeing done完 成 式having donehaving been done一.动名的词形式 语态主 动 式被 动 式2二二.动名词的用法：动名词的用法：1.1.作主语的用法：作主语的用法：1 1）动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。）动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。2 2）动名词作主语时动名词作主语时，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单数单数。3 3）动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般语，一般采用采用it 做形式主语做形式主语，v-ing 做真正主语。做真正主语。二.动名词的用法：3nE.g.Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。空谈无济于事。Workingwithyouisapleasure.ReadingEnglishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。Cheatingonanexamruinsonescharacter.考试作弊毁坏人的性格。考试作弊毁坏人的性格。E.g.Talking mends no holes.4n注：注：it做形式主语，做形式主语，v-ing做真正主语的常用句型是：做真正主语的常用句型是：n1)It is no use/no good/useless/a waste of time.doing sth.nE.g.It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。nIt is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。nIt is useless talking about it with him.和他谈这件事是没用的。Its a waste of time arguing about it.n辩论这事是浪费时间注：it 做形式主语，v-ing 做真正主语的常用句型是：5n2)There is no”句式来表示.nE.g.There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。nThere is no littering about.不许乱扔杂物。nThere is no holding back the wheel of history.n历史车轮不可阻挡。2)There is no”句式来表示.6不定式不定式做主语往往表示做主语往往表示具体具体的特别是的特别是将来将来的动作。如：的动作。如：Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.（指抽象动作）（指抽象动作）（指具体动作）（指具体动作）不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如7【考例】WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？_hernewbicycle（1997上海高考题）上海高考题）A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing解析：解析：losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语，谓语是句子的主语，谓语madehersoupset被省略，被省略，losing 在此表示具体的动作。在此表示具体的动作。【考例】What do you think m82.动名词作宾语的用法动名词作宾语的用法1)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如如cant stand（不能忍受）,feel like(想要),mind（介意）,suggest（建议）,enjoy（欣赏，）,admit（承认）,appreciate（感激，欣赏）,avoid（避免）,delay（推迟）,escape（逃脱）,finish（完成）,forgive（宽恕）,imagine（想象）,keep（保持）,miss（错过）,practice（训练）,resist（抵抗，抵制）,risk（冒险）,deny（拒绝，否认）,consider（考虑）等。2.动名词作宾语的用法 9nMany people enjoy sunbathing on the beach in summer.夏季，很多人喜欢在沙滩日光浴。nI suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。nHes not very well;he doesnt feel like eating.q他不太舒服，吃不下。qShe practices speaking English every day.Many people enjoy sunbathing o10n2)动名词作介词宾语 n动名词作介词宾语时，通常放在由动词或形容词与介词组成的动词短语或形容词短语后。此类短语有很多。如：nlook forward to（渴望，盼望）,be proud of（以自豪）,be responsible for（对负责）,insist on（坚持）,think of（考虑，想到）,dream of（梦想）,object to（反对，抗议）,hear of（听说）,preventfrom（防止，阻止）,keepfrom（防止，阻止）,stopfrom（防止，阻止）,be engaged in（从事于）,depend on（依靠，依赖）,thankfor（因而道谢）,excusefor（因而道歉）,aim at（目的在于）,devoteto（献身于）,set about（着手做）,be/get used to（习惯于）,be fond of（喜欢）,be afraid of（害怕）,be tired of（对厌烦）,succeed in（成功地做）,be interested in（对感兴趣）,be ashamed of（对感到羞愧）等等。2)动名词作介词宾语 11e.g.She sat there without speaking.I look forward to seeing him again.Are you used to living there alone?When my father heard the news,he couldnt help laughing.He was busy preparing his lessons.e.g.12【考例】【考例】Icantimagine_thatwiththem（MET1986）A.doB.todoC.beingdoneD.doing【考例】I cant imagine _13Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarden（1995上海高考题上海高考题）A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin解析：解析：考查短语动词考查短语动词lookforwardto后跟动名词作宾语的用法。后跟动名词作宾语的用法。She looks forward every 14n注意注意：（1）有些动词后面，如forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret、go on等，既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语，但是意义不一样。forgetregretremember tododoing 将要发生的动作将要发生的动作已经发生的动作已经发生的动作注意：（1）有些动词后面，如forget,remembe15goondoinggoontodostopdoingstoptodomeandoingmeantodo继续做同一件事情继续做同一件事情继续做另一件事情继续做另一件事情停止做某事停止做某事停下来做另一件事停下来做另一件事意味着做某事意味着做某事打算做某事打算做某事go on doing stop doing mean d16trydoingtrytodobeusedtodoingbeusedtodocanthelpdoingcanthelptodo试着做某事努力做某事习惯做某事被用来做某事情不自禁做某事不能帮助做某事try doing be used to doing 17nHe forgot paying for the book.n他忘了曾经付了买书的钱。(他付过钱了)nHe forgot to pay for the book.n他忘了去付买书的钱。(他没有付过钱)nStop talking.(停止说话)nI stopped to talk with Tom.（停下正在做停下正在做的事的事开始去说话）He forgot paying for the book.18【考例】LetshavearestNotnowIdontwanttostop_yet（MET1985）A.studyB.tostudyC.forstudyingD.studying解析：解析：stopstudying意为意为“停止学习停止学习”。【考例】Lets have a rest 解19LetmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalistsDontyouremember_methestoryyesterday？（？（1999上海高考题）上海高考题）A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tohavetold解析解析:remembertellingme意意为为“记得曾经告诉过我记得曾经告诉过我”。Let me tell you something20（2）在有些句子中，介词常可省去。）在有些句子中，介词常可省去。nIhavenodifficulty(in)communicatingwithforeigners.n我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。nHeusedtospendalotoftime(in)playinggames.n过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。nWhatcanpreventus(from)goingthere?n有什么能阻止我们去那呢？有什么能阻止我们去那呢？（2）在有些句子中，介词常可省去。I have no di21（3）动名词可以和一些介词如）动名词可以和一些介词如in,on,after,against,before,by,for,without,besides等构成短等构成短语，在句中作语，在句中作状语状语。nHeleftaheadoftimewithoutsayingaword.n他一句话也没说就提前离开了。他一句话也没说就提前离开了。nBesidescookingandsewing,shehadtotakecareoffourchildren.n除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。nOnhearingthenews,allthepupilsjumpedwithjoy.n听到这个消息后，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起听到这个消息后，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。来。（3）动名词可以和一些介词如in,on,after,a22（4）want（需要）（需要）,need（需要）（需要）,deserve（值得）（值得）,require（需要）等词（需要）等词后，我们后，我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思意思。后跟动名词的主动式与。后跟动名词的主动式与不定式的不定式的被动式被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：作宾语，意义没有区别。如：Thewindowneedsrequireswantscleaningtobecleaned （4）want（需要）,need（需要）,dese23nYour car needs filling.n你这车要充气了。nThis city deserves visiting.n这座城市值得光顾一下。nThe problem requires studying carefully.n这个问题需要认真研究。nThe trees want watering.n这些树需要浇水了。Your car needs filling.24(5)在在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。均可，意义没有多大区别。(5)在begin,continue,love,li25(6)在在allow,advise,forbid,permit后后直接跟动名词直接跟动名词作宾语作宾语，如果，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadviseforbidpermit名词代词名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式之形式。如：。如：WedontallowsmokinghereWedontallowanybodytosmokehere advisedoingsth.advisesb.todosth.(6)在allow,advise,forbid,pe26n3.作表语作表语n句子结构：主语句子结构：主语+系动词系动词+表语表语nS.+be+doingn e.g.n His hobby is collecting stamps.n Her job is looking after the old.n Their task is exploring oil mines in the west.他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。n注意：这时，主语和表语可以互换位置主语和表语可以互换位置3.作表语27n4.动名词作定语。n动名词作定语时一般前置前置，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表用途用途。nreading room 阅览室 nswimming pool 游泳池ndining car 餐车 singing competition 歌咏比赛nwaiting room候车室4.动名词作定语。28注：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别作定语与现在分词作定语的区别:na walkingstickna swimming poolna sleeping car区别区别the walkingmanthe swimming girlthe sleepingboy动名词修饰名词表动名词修饰名词表示名词的示名词的功能功能现在分词修饰名词表现在分词修饰名词表示该名词示该名词所处的状态所处的状态注：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别:a walking 29n5.动名词动名词复合结构：复合结构：n1).物主代词物主代词/名词所有格名词所有格+动名词动名词 n在句中作主语或宾语作主语或宾语:e.g.nMarys coming late made her teacher angry.nI dont mind your opening the window.n2).人称代词宾格人称代词宾格/名词名词+动名词动名词n在句中作宾语:e.g.nIm sure of him coming on time.nHe has never heard of a woman being a pilot.5.动名词复合结构：301.（2011天津卷）Passeagers are permitted _only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried2.（2011四川卷）Lily doesnt feel like _ abroad.Her parents are old.A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study高考链接高考链接1.（2011天津卷）Passeagers are per31n3.（2011四川卷）Simon made a big bamboo box _the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keepn4.（2011陕西卷）More highways have been built in China,_it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.nA.making B.made C.to make D.having maden5.（2011陕西卷）Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left.A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked动名词的用法讲解ppt课件32Exercises1.She didnt remember _ him before.(MET88)A.having met B.have met C.to meet D.to having met 2.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.(MET89)A.to do B.doing C.With D.to be doingExercises33333.-What do you think of the book?-Oh,excellent.Its worth _a second time.(MET89)A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being reading4.I can hardly imagine Peters _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(MET91)A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed 3.-What do you think of th34345.The salesman scolded(批评)the girl caught _ and let her off.(NMET92)A.to have stolen B.to be stealing C.to steal D.stealing6.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _by boat for a change?(MET92)A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going5.The salesman scolded(批评)th35357.I would appreciate _back this afternoon.(MET92)A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling8._is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(NMET92)A.The walk B.Walking C.To walk D.Walk动名词的用法讲解ppt课件36369.How about the two of us _a walk down the garden?(MET93)A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking10.-I must apologize for _ahead of time.-Thats all right.(NMET94)A.letting you not know B.not letting you know C.letting you know not D.letting not you know9.How about the two of us _373711.-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _that.(NMET95)A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done12.My younger sister suggested _ the Summer Palace first.A.me to visit B.mine visiting C.I visiting D.my visiting动名词的用法讲解ppt课件383813.Missing the last bus means _ home.A.to walk B.walking C.walked D.walk动名词的用法讲解ppt课件393914.My sister likes _ but she doesnt like _ this afternoon.A.swimming.to swim B.to swim.swimming C.swimming.to swimming D.swim.Swimming15.I would appreciate _ it a secret.A.that you would keep B.you to keep C.that you are keeping D.you keeping 14.My sister likes _ bu404016.Im looking forward to _your reply soon.A.receive B.receiving C.accepting D.get17.The classroom is so dirty that it needs _badly.A.clean B.to clean C.being cleaned D.cleaning16.Im looking forward to _414118.No one likes _ in public.A.to laugh at B.laughing at C.being laughed at D.to be laughed19.The manager is considering _another secretary.A.to hire B.hiring C.to take on D.to employ18.No one likes _ in pu424221.The student entered the office without _.A.being asked B.asking C.ask D.to be asked22.Our teacher suggested _the exhibition once again.A.us to visit B.our visiting C.to visit D.our to visit21.The student entered the of434323._is forbidden here.Who allowed _ here.A.Smoke;you to smoke B.To smoke;you smoke C.smoking;your smoking D.Smoking;you to smoke24.Its no use _me believe you.A.trying making B.trying to make C.trying to force D.to try to make23._is forbidden here.444425.No difficulty can discourage us _.A.to succeed B.succeeded C.from succeeding D.succeed26.We were lucky that we just escaped _the rain.A.being caught in B.to be caught in C.catching D.to catch25.No difficulty can discoura454527.Dont forget _ the book to the library when you finish _ it.A.to return;reading B.to give back;to read C.returning;reading D.returning;to read28.Has the driver been used to _in all kinds of weather?A.drive B.drove C.driving D.be driving27.Dont forget _ the boo464629._made us much disappointed.A.Her not coming back B.Her not to come back C.Not her returning D.Not her being back29._made us much disappo4747Thank you！Thank you！48