生态足迹及生态承载力课件

EcologicalFootprint&EcologicalCarryingCapacity1Ecological Footprint&Ecologi“Wedonotinherittheearthfromourancestors,weborrowitfromourchildren”Haida proverb(with Kenyan,Chinese,&other Amerindian variants)生态足迹及生态承载力课件通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展31 1、两个关键术语、两个关键术语生态足迹Ecological footprint 生态承载力Ecological carrying capacity1、两个关键术语通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展4Population/Environment principlesI=P x A x TImpact=Population*Affluence*Technology(EhrlichandHoldren)Affluenceincludesconsumption,wasteandpollutionTechnologyincludessystemsofprovidingwater,food,shelter,energy,etc.Overpopulationoccurswhen:Whenpeopleexceedthecarrying capacity ofanarea.Toomanypeople,atagivenlevelofaffluenceandtechnology,depletetheresourcesthatsupportlifeandeconomies,andWhentheyintroducemorewastesthantheenvironmentcanhandle.Population/Environment princi通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展52、WhatistheEcologicalFootprint?nTheEcologicalFootprintmeasureshowmuchnaturewehave,howmuchweuse,andwhousesit.nTheecologicalfootprintisanenvironmentalaccountingtoolthatiscomprehensive,yetasanindicatorrelativelysimpleandeasytounderstand2、What is the Ecological Footp通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展6nItshowsushowmuchbiologicallyproductivelandandwaterapopulation(anindividual,anorganization,acity,acountry,orallofhumanity)requirestosupportcurrentlevelsofconsumptionandwasteproduction,usingprevailingtechnology.nittranslatesdatafortheconsumptionofenergyandmaterialresourcesintotheequivalentareaofbiologicallyproductivehabitatthatwouldberequiredtooffsettheirusenitrevealstherelativeenvironmentaleffectoflifestylechoicesWhatistheEcologicalFootprint?It shows us how much biologica通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展7Bioproductive segments18%Biologically Productive Land11%Deserts,Ice Caps and Barren Land67%Low-ProductivityOcean4%BiologicallyProductive Ocean22%Bioproductive segments18%11%6通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展8Measuring FootprintsConsideracommonlyuseditem,suchasaenvironmentaltextbookmeasuringitsecologicalfootprintwouldinvolvecalculatingtheareaofbio-productivelandnecessarytooffsettheenergyandmaterialsusedtoinitsproduction,distribution,andeventualdiscarding,including:paperandinkcomputersandprintersvehicles,fossilfuels,andbookstoresforinstance,wecandeterminethenumberofhectaresofforestneededtoprovidethepapertoproducethebook,andtoprovideanequivalentamountofwood-energytooffsetthefossilfuelsusedinproduction,distribution,anddisposalexaminingthediversewaysthatmaterialsandenergyareusedtocreateaproduct,suchasabook,isanexcellentwaytobecomeawareofhiddencostsandenvironmentalimpactsMeasuring FootprintsConsider a通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展9NationalFootprintsThesizeofanationalecologicalfootprintdependsuponfourmajorfactors:1.Populationsize2.Standardoflivingnpercapitaconsumptionofenergyandmaterialresources,andofmanufacturedgoods,food,andspacenpercapitaproductionofwaste3.Technologybeingusednthisaffectstheefficiencyofenergyandmaterialusage4.Issuesrelatedtosocialequityninequitiesamongsocialgroupsinlifestyleintensity(andpoverty)naspirationsofpeopletohaveahigherintensityoflifestyleNational FootprintsThe size of通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展10Howitworks(1)nIngeneral,theEcologicalFootprintmeasuresresourceconsumptionofhumanactivitiesacrossthewholelifecycleofaproductorserviceandconvertsthistotheamountoflandneededtosupplytheresourcesconsumedandassimilatethewastegenerated.nEcologicalFootprintaccountsforourglobalnatureofoureconomybycapturingtheimpactofimportsandexports.nTheEcologicalFootprintdoesnotaccountforhazardousimpactsofproductssuchastheimpactofdioxinsreleasedintheatmosphere,nordoesitmeasurewaterusageagainstwateravailability.How it works(1)In general,th通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展11Howitworks(2)nTheFootprinttooldoes,however,measurethelandrequiredtoeliminateCarbondioxide(CO2)emissionsandtheimpactoftheenergyrequiredtoprovidethewaterweconsume.nEcologicalFootprintaccountscalculatehumanitysdemandonnatureinspecific,understandableterms,usingofficialgovernmentstatistics.Theaccountsarehelpinghundredsofindividuals,businesses,governmentsandsustainabilitypractitionersaroundtheworldtomoreeffectivelymanagetheearthsecologicalassetsandmovesocietytowardasustainableHow it works(2)The Footprint 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展12What does the Ecological Footprint tell us?nHumanitysEcologicalFootprintcanbeillustratedinnumbersofplanets,whereoneplanetequalsthetotalbio-capacityoftheEarthinanyoneyear.nSincethelate1980s,wehavebeeninovershoot:currentlytheEcologicalFootprintexceedstheEarthsbio-capacitybyabout30%，whichmeansthatwecurrentlyneedabout1.3planetstomeetouraverageresourceconsumptionlevels(2004).nInotherwords,itnowtakesaboutoneyearandfourmonthsfortheEarthtoregeneratewhatweuseinasingleyear.What does the Ecological Footp通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展13ChangeofEcologicalfootprintChange of Ecological footprint通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展14WhycalculateyourFootprint?nMeasuringourEcologicalFootprintcanhelpusidentifywhatcontributesthemosttoourFootprint,andhowresourcescouldbeusedmoreefficientlyinordertosecureourownwellbeing,aswellasthatoftherestofhumankindandtheplanet-bothnowandinthefuture.nCalculatingtheEcologicalFootprintforyourself,yourhousehold,office,school,shoporeventhelpstoidentifytheenvironmentalimpactsofeverydayactivitiesandcaptureprogresstowardsmoresustainablepractices.nTheresultsofyourEcologicalFootprintmayevenmotivateyoutomakeafewchangestoyourlifestylethatwillhelptoachievereducedEcologicalFootprints.Why calculate your Footprint?M通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展15你的生你的生态态足迹是多少？足迹是多少？n消消费与生活与生活质量？量？吃多少？吃什么？中国食物消费和请客习惯，日本及其他国家？出行，轿车OR公共交通？自行车？n你能你能为可持可持续发展做什么？展做什么？n学学术研究研究可持可持续消消费你的生态足迹是多少？消费与生活质量？通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展16小轿车、公共汽车、自行车所需面积对比小轿车、公共汽车、自行车所需面积对比小轿车、公共汽车、自行车所需面积对比通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展17NationalFootprintsThesizeofanationalecologicalfootprintdependsuponfourmajorfactors:1.Populationsize2.Standardoflivingnpercapitaconsumptionofenergyandmaterialresources,andofmanufacturedgoods,food,andspacenpercapitaproductionofwaste3.Technologybeingusednthisaffectstheefficiencyofenergyandmaterialusage4.Issuesrelatedtosocialequityninequitiesamongsocialgroupsinlifestyleintensity(andpoverty)naspirationsofpeopletohaveahigherintensityoflifestyleNational FootprintsThe size of通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展18EcologicalFootprintsofCountriesecologicalfootprint(Gha/person)012345678910BangladeshPakistanIndiaIndonesiaPhilippinesEgyptChinaThailandTurkeyBrazilWORLD MexicoArgentinaChileSouth AfricaMalaysiaKorea,Rep.PolandItalyJapanRussian FederationAustriaNetherlandsSpainGermanySwitzerlandUnited KingdomFranceNorwayDenmarkCanadaSwedenFinlandAustraliaUnited Statesn中国环境与发展国际合作委员会和WWF日前共同发布了中国生态足迹报告指出，自从二十世纪60年代以来，中国的人均生态足迹持续增长了约两倍。作为一个国家，中国消耗了全球生物承载力的15%，中国消耗的资源已超过自身生态系统所能提供资源的两倍。报告指出，中国的人均生态足迹是1.6全球公顷，也就是说，平均每人需要1.6公顷具有生态生产力的土地来满足其生活方式的需要。中国的人均生态足迹在147个国家中列第69位。Ecological Footprints of Count通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展19datafor34countriesranginginGDPandfootprintfromrelativelylow(e.g.,Bangladesh)tohigh(e.g.,Canada,U.S.A.)PerCapitaFootprintandGDPThepercapitaecologicalfootprintiscloselyrelated,inastatisticalsense,totheper-capitaGrossDomesticProduct(GDP)ofanationaleconomyecologicalfootprint(Gha/person)GDP($US)20102010年年GDPGDP中国中国:6.05:6.05万亿美万亿美美国：美国：14.114.1万亿美元万亿美元日本日本:5.5:5.5万亿美元万亿美元data for 34 countries ranging 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展20datafor34countriesranginginenergyusefromrelativelylow(e.g.,Bangladesh)tohigh(e.g.,Canada,U.S.A.)Thepercapitaecologicalfootprintisalsocloselyrelatedtothepercapitaenergyconsumption,includingbothnon-renewableandpotentiallyrenewablesourcesPerCapitaFootprintandEnergyConsumptionecologicalfootprint(Gha/person)energyuse(tonsoe/person.yr)data for 34 countries ranging 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展21datafor34countriesranginginfoodconsumptionandecologicalfootprintThepercapitaecologicalfootprintisnotsocloselyrelatedtoper-capitafoodconsumption,whichhasamuchgreatersubsistencebasisthandoeseitherGDPorenergyusage.Becausefoodconsumptionisabasichumandemand,itisrelativelysimilaramongcountries.PerCapitaFootprintandFoodConsumptionfood(kcal/person.day)ecologicalfootprint(Gha/person)data for 34 countries ranging 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展223、EcologicalCarryingCapacityThemaximumpopulationofagivenorganismthataparticularenvironmentcansustainindefinitely,atagivenlevelofresourceavailability,affluenceandtechnology.Maychange,upordown,inresponsetochangesofaffluence(consumption,wasteandpollution)oroftechnology(mechanismsthatprovideanduseresources).Assumesstabilitywithoutenvironmentaldamage.Maybemodifiedtoimproveenvironmentalpotential,ormaybedamaged byunwiseresourceorpollutionpractices.3、Ecological Carrying Capacity通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展23Eco-capacityTheabilityofacountrytosatisfythedemandsofitsecologicalfootprint,alsoknownasitseco-capacity,dependsupon:thenationalareaofaccessible,ecologicallyproductivelandandwatertherelativeproductivityofthathabitattheintensityofmanagementactivitiesusedinagriculture,forestry,hunting,andotherresource-relatedsectorshowmuchnaturalhabitatisprotectedinwaysthatprecludeitsintensiveusebyhumans(e.g.,inparks)resourcedegradationcausedbyover-harvesting,pollution,climatechange,andotherfactorsresourceandeconomicinstabilitiesassociatedwithnaturaldisastersandsocietalconflicts,includingwarEco-capacityThe ability of a c通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展24地球上每一秒发生什么？地球上每一秒发生什么？Whathappenseverysecondonearth?2.4 2.4 个新生儿个新生儿28.6 28.6 吨金属吨金属、4 4 台电视台电视、1.3 1.3 辆汽车辆汽车.商品贸易额商品贸易额US$240,000US$240,000二氧化碳排放二氧化碳排放 762 762 吨吨消失的森林面积消失的森林面积0.6 0.6 公顷公顷增加的沙漠面积增加的沙漠面积78 m78 m2 2 地球上每一秒发生什么？2.4 个新生儿通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展251900210020032050outcome：fourearthsin21001900210020032050outcome：four e通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展26Sshapedpopulationcurve-SUSTAINABLE Starts small Accelerates to rapid growth phase Levels off to approach carrying capacity May fluctuate,but remains stable indefinitely,or until variables change to establish new carrying capacityPop.TimeCarryingcapacityCarryingCapacityPatterns:S shaped population curve-通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展27 Developed countries,especially in Europe approach it Some US states are exceptions,far exceeding carrying capacity Can change to unsustainable for a time due to any of the adverse factors characteristic of“J”nations and regions,BUT can be put back on sustainable course by soundpolicies,soundchoices,soundpracticesCarryingCapacityPatterns:Sshapedpopulationcurve-SUSTAINABLE 温哥华的移民政策温哥华的移民政策 Developed countries,especial通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展28CarryingCapacityPatterns:Starts small Accelerates exponentially Peaks far above carrying capacity Collapses to new,much lower carrying capacityPop.TimeOriginalcarryingcapacityNewcarryingcapacityJshapedpopulationcurveUNSUSTAINABLECarrying Capacity Patterns:St通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展29CarryingCapacityPatterns:Typical of many undeveloped countriesOften occurs regionally due to:agricultural system collapse,food shortage persistent natural disasters poor environmental management(desertification,deforestation,soil erosion,pollution,etc.)rapid shift of population from rural to urban areasJshapedpopulationcurveUNSUSTAINABLECarrying Capacity Patterns:Typ通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展30ChinasDevelopmentConstraintsnPopulation PressurenDiminishing ResourcesnIncreasing PollutionnCompetitiveness in global marketsI=P*A*TChinas Development Constraint通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展31沙漠化中的中国沙漠化中的中国DesertizationinChina沙漠化中的中国 Desertization in China通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展32煤矸石山煤矸石山尾矿成灾尾矿成灾矸石山、尾矿河矸石山、尾矿河Gangue煤矸石山尾矿成灾矸石山、尾矿河Gangue通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展33金属废弃物金属废弃物Metalwastes建筑垃圾建筑垃圾Constructionwastes建筑垃圾与金属废弃物建筑垃圾与金属废弃物金属废弃物建筑垃圾建筑垃圾与金属废弃物通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展34河流、空气污染与固体废物河流、空气污染与固体废物境境河流、空气污染与固体废物境通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展35中国式的毁田烧砖把中国式的毁田烧砖把生存的土地都破坏了生存的土地都破坏了毁田烧砖的景象毁田烧砖的景象Cropfield中国式的毁田烧砖把生存的土地都破坏了毁田烧砖的景象Crop 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展36北京北京BeijingBeijing北京Beijing通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展37生态足迹及生态承载力课件通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展38水污染水污染return水污染return通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展39思考？思考？中国的人口承载力应该为多少？中国的人口承载力应该为多少？如何看独生子女政策？如何看独生子女政策？你的建议？你的建议？思考？中国的人口承载力应该为多少？通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展404、EcologicalOvershootGlobalFootprintGlobalBio-capacityAnenormoushumanpopulation(6.5billion)+Intensiveresourceconsumption=Resourcedepletion+Environmentaldegradation(pollution,damagetobiodiversity,societalinequities)=EcologicalOvershoot4、Ecological OvershootGlobal 通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展414、EcologicalOvershootnTheaverageglobalEcologicalFootprintis2.7globalhectaresperperson,whilethereareonly1.6hectaresofbiologicallyproductiveareaperpersonavailableontheplanet.Thisiscalledovershoot.nMuchlikespendingmoremoneythanyouearn,itispossibletoexceedecologicallimitsforawhile,butthisdeficitspendingleadstothedestructionofecologicalassetsonwhichoureconomydepends,suchasdepletedgroundwater,collapsingfisheries,Carbondioxide(CO2),accumulationintheatmosphere,anddeforestation.4、Ecological OvershootThe aver通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展42GlobalLandResourcesforestbuiltlandpasturearableotherlandEarthandItsBiospherenultimately,bio-capacityissetbythelimitsofthebiospheretosupportthehumanenterprisenEarthssurfaceareais51billionhanonly15Bhaareterrestrialnonly10Bhaareeconomically“productive”natthecurrenthumanpopulation,thereisonly1.6haofbio-productivespaceavailableperglobalcitizen(butwithoutanyreservationofhabitatfornature)nthisspacemustserviceallbiosphericneeds,includingthoseofotherspeciesandnaturalecosystemsGlobal Land Resourcesforestbui通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展43In 2008,the Earth went into Overshoot on Tuesday 23 September the day we started using all the resources nature will generate this year.In 2008,the Earth went into O通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展44EcologicalOvershootGlobalFootprintGlobalBio-capacitynecologicalovershoothasbeenthecasesinceatleast1980natthegloballevel,thereisa40%overshootnbutitis62%,if12%ofglobalspaceisusedtoconservebiodiversitynanovershootcanonlybetemporarilymaintained,becausenaturalcapitalbecomesdepletedanddegradednclearly,Earthisbeingover-usedbyhumansexamplessupportingthisviewinclude:deforestation,erosion,exhaustionoffishstocks,increaseofCO2andothergreenhousegases,groundwaterdepletion,andextinctions&endangermentecologicalovershootisdangerous,particularlyifitisusedtotrytomaintaincontinuedeconomicgrowththereare,however,sustainablealternativestothepotentialcatastrophesassociatedwithecologicalovershootEcological Overshoot通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展45EcologicalOvershootnThemaincontributortoovershootiscarbondioxideemissions.nWeareemittingthisgreenhousegasfasterthantheplanetcanre-absorbit,soitisbuildingupintheatmospherecontributingtoclimatechange.nWhileclimatechangemayrepresentthemostalarmingsymptomofovershoot,italsooffersthegreatestopportunityforchange;virtuallyeveryactionwetaketoreduceclimatechangealsoreducesovershoot,andviceversa.Ecological OvershootThe main c通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展46EcologicalOvershootnEarthOvershootmeansthatwearereducingtheabilityoftheearthslandandwatertosupporthumansandotherspeciesintothefuture.nIfweconquerclimatechangewithoutdepletingothernaturalassets,wecanrebalanceourEarthbudget.Ecological OvershootEarth Over通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展47SustainabilityandOvershootTheecologicalfootprintofacountrymayexceedtheeco-capacityavailablewithinitsboundaries,resultinginanational“ecologicaldeficit”thecountrymaysufferadegradationofitsresourcestocksandofenvironmentalqualitymorecommonly,thereisanattempttooffsetthenationalovershootbyimportinggoodsandservicesfromothercountriesnthismaybeconsideredequivalentto“exporting”theresourcedepletionandenvironmentaldamageSustainability and Overshoot通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展48ecologicalfootprintandbio-capacity(ha/person)CountrieswithanEcologicalDeficitecological footprint and Count通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展49ecologicalfootprintandbio-capacity(ha/person)CountrieswithanEcological“Surplusecological footprint and Count通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展50ACanadianFootprintENERGYDEGRADEDLANDGARDENCROPPASTUREFORESTTOTALFOOD0.330.020.600.330.021.30HOUSING0.410.080.010.400.89TRANSP0R-TATION0.790.100.89CONSUMERGOODS0.520.010.060.130.170.89SERVICES0.290.010.30TOTAL2.340.200.020.660.460.594.27Examiningthefactorscontributingtotheecologicalfootprintofan“average”Canadianhelpstoclarifythedegreetowhichourlifestylechoicesaffecttheenvironment.Thesedata(ha/person)arebasedonastudyoftheCanadianfootprintbyWackernagelandRees(1996).A Canadian FootprintENERGYDEGR通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展511988-20071988-2007年年辽宁省人均生宁省人均生态足迹足迹(EF)(EF)、人均生、人均生态承承载力力(EC)(EC)、生、生态赤字赤字(ED)(ED)变化化趋势张晶晶,胡晓钧*,杨继松.辽宁省生态足迹动态变化分析，安徽农业科学,2010,38(29):16407-16409,164941988-2007年辽宁省人均生态足迹(EF)、人均生态承载通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展521998-20071998-2007年辽宁省人均生态足迹构成年辽宁省人均生态足迹构成1998-2007年辽宁省人均生态足迹构成通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展531998-20071998-2007年辽宁省万元年辽宁省万元GDPGDP生态足迹变化趋势生态足迹变化趋势1998-2007年辽宁省万元GDP生态足迹变化趋势通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展54丁祖荣，李静，杭州市生态足迹计算模型与生态足迹分析，中国城市经济,2010年10期杭州市人均生杭州市人均生态足迹构成足迹构成变化情况化情况丁祖荣，李 静，杭州市生态足迹计算模型与生态足迹分析，中国城通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展55杭州市人均生态承载力构成变化情况杭州市人均生态承载力构成变化情况杭州市人均生态承载力构成变化情况通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展56杭州市人均生态赤杭州市人均生态赤字字杭州市人均生态赤字通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展57TheCanadianandChinaFootprintCanada:nthecalculatedfootprintofan“average”Canadianis6.4Gha/personntheeco-capacitywithinthebordersofCanadaaffords14.4ha/personnthisleavesanecological“surplus”of8.0ha/person,assumingthecurrentpopulationandlifestylearemaintainedGlobal:ntheglobalaveragefootprintis2.2ha/personntheglobalbio-capacityaffords1.8ha/personnandso,thereisanecological“deficit”of0.4ha/personnthissuggeststhathumansarelivingbeyondthebio-capacityofEarthanditsbiosphereChina:1.6Gha/person0.8Gha/personthisleavesanecological“deficit”of0.8ha/person,The Canadian and China Footpri通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展581900210020032050outcome：Weneedfourearthsin21001900210020032050outcome：We nee通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展59“Apersonshouldliveinharmonywithnature”Proverb of the Greek Stoic philosopher,Zeno(ca.336-265 BCE)生态足迹及生态承载力课件通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展60Footprintcalculatornhttp:/www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/calculators/nhttp:/www.epa.vic.gov.au/ecologicalfootprint/calculators/default.aspFootprint calculatorhttp:/www通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展61课课后思考后思考n什么是生什么是生态足迹和生足迹和生态承承载力？力？n你能做什么？你你能做什么？你应该做什么？做什么？n如何看中国的人口政策？如何看中国的人口政策？n技技术对生生态足迹和生足迹和生态承承载力的影响？力的影响？课后思考什么是生态足迹和生态承载力？通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展通识课程：资源环境与可持续发展62中国的中国的关键关键28种低种低碳技术碳技术中国的关键28种低