《动词不定式》ppt课件

Infinitive 动词不定式动词不定式Infinitive 1知识梳理形式主动式被动式与谓语动作的关系一般式to doto be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式to be doing/与谓语动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前知识梳理形式主动式被动式与谓语动作的关系一般式to doto2Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions.1.HepretendedtobereadingattentivelywhenIcamein.2.ItisofgreathelpforustolearnEnglishwell.3.IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.4.Shelistenstonewseverydaysoastofindoutwhatsgoingon.5.Thecartobeboughtisforhissisters.6.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.(宾语）宾语）(主语）主语）(宾补）宾补）(状语）状语）(定语）定语）(表语）表语）不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词和副词的作用。和副词的作用。归归纳纳不定式不定式Pick out the infinitives in th3不定式在句中的作用Itisnecessarytotellhimthetruth.Totellhimthetruthisnecessary.主语练习1.再次见到你真高兴。再次见到你真高兴。Itsnice/good/agreatpleasuretoseeyouagain.2.他们那样做是不明智的他们那样做是不明智的。Itisunwise_.Itis+n/adj.(for/ofsb.)todoTogiveupsmokingisright.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.不定式的用法ofthemtodolikethat不定式在句中的作用 It is necessary 4不定式在句中的作用2.Ineedtoattendthemeeting.宾语练习他们决定周末去野餐。Theyhave_attheweekend.Shewantstoseethenewmovie.decide,/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help/afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten他拒绝借给我自行车。They_mehisbike.不定式的用法decidedtohaveapicnicrefusedtolendV+todo(5+3P60)决心学会想希望决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装拒绝设法愿假装.学会答应选计划学会答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮同意请求帮一帮.不定式在句中的作用 2.I need to attend 5不定式在句中的作用3.Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?Ihavenochairtositon.练习没什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.定语 Betty是第一个知道真相的人.Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.不定式的用法修饰抽象名词如修饰抽象名词如：ability,answer,reply,chance,excuse,idea,moment,reason,time,promise,attempt,way等等+todo(5+3P61)我没机会外出观光。Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.不定式在句中的作用3.Have you got any q6不定式在句中的作用4.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistomakefriendswithanativespeaker.表语练习我的目标是考入北大。她的梦想是当一名设计师。Mygoalis_.Herdreamis_.不定式的用法tobeadmittedtoBeijingUniversitytobecomeadesigner不定式在句中的作用4.The best way to le7不定式在句中的作用5.IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.宾补练习你可以让你姐姐帮你一下。Youcanaskyoursistertohelpyou.我总是劝他戒烟。Ialwaysadvisehimtogiveupsmoking.advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,order,persuade,permit,prefer,tell,want,warn,wish,wouldlikesb.todo(5+3P62)不定式的用法不定式在句中的作用5.I didnt expect M8注意注意有些动词后面的不定式有些动词后面的不定式不带不带to，如，如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listento（二听）（二听）make,have,let（三（三让）让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）（四看）.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.不定式的用法注意有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear91.-CanIhavethedocumentrightnow?2.-Ofcourse.WaitaminuteandIllhavemysecretary_itforyou.3.A.toprintB.printing4.C.printedD.print2.Wetriedhard,andeventually,wewereabletogetMike_ushiscarforjustaday.A.lendingB.lendC.tolendD.lentPractice-Can I have the document ri10不定式在句中的作用练习 我匆忙赶到汽车站，只是发现汽车刚刚离开。Hesgonetotheofficetoaskquestions.Ihurriedtothebusstop,onlytofindthebushadjustleft.6.Shelistenstothenewseverydaysoastofindoutwhatsgoingon.7.Iwasdisappointedtohearthenews.状语他去办公室问问题去了。不定式的用法不定式在句中的作用练习我匆忙赶到汽车站，只是发现汽车刚刚离开11动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.一般式一般式(to do)(to do).所表示的动作或状所表示的动作或状态态 与谓语动词同与谓语动词同时或之后发生。时或之后发生。不定式的用法动词不定式的时态1.I opened the door 12.进行式进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.不定式所表示的动不定式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时作与谓语动作同时进行。进行。动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态不定式的用法.进行式(to be doing)1.I am ver13动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态.完成式（完成式（tohavedone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.不定式动作发不定式动作发生在谓语动词生在谓语动词之前。之前。不定式的用法动词不定式的时态.完成式（to have done)1.14动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态1.Nearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelieved_theirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.A.ToleaveB.tobeleftB.C.TobeleavingD.tohaveleft2.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadordered_clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.(2003上海上海)A.tohaveissuedB.beingissuedB.C.toissueD.tobeissued不定式的使用动词不定式的语态Nearly half a million 15动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态.主动式主动式(to do/to be doing/to have done)1.WewanttolearnEnglishwell.2.Heisthefirststudenttohavegottheprize.3.Wedidntexpectyoutobewaitingforushere.4.Shewishedtohavebeenreadingasmuchastheothers.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者或发出者时动作的执行者或发出者时.不定式的使用动词不定式的语态.主动式(to do/to be d16(二二)被动式被动式to be done/to have been done1.He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98）A.being badly treated B.treating badlyB.C.to be treated badly D.to have been badly treated.C.2.The transportation will improve a lot in this city,with two new roads _ in the near future.D.A.to construct B.being constructedE.C.to be constructed D.constructing不定式的用法当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时动作的承受者时.(二)被动式to be done/to have been 17不定式的其他用法1.和疑问词连用Itisusefultoknowhowtodrive.Toknowhowtodriveisuseful.你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？Haveyoudecidedwhattoweartotheinterview?没人告诉我在哪买票。没人告诉我在哪买票。Nobodytoldmewheretobuytheticket.decide,discuss,explain,findout,learn,show,teach,tell,wonderwhether/what/who/how/where/whentodo其他用法不定式的其他用法1.和疑问词连用It is useful 182.和否定词连用不定式的其他用法Weturneddownthemusicinordernottodisturbtheneighbors.nottodo1.妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。MothertoldhimnottospendtoomuchtimeonPCgames.2.他假装没看见我。他假装没看见我。Shepretendednottoseeme.其他用法2.和否定词连用不定式的其他用法We turned dow191.不定式的完成和进行式1.给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。Imsorrytohavebroughtyousomuchtrouble.2.我们没想到你已经请了他。我们没想到你已经请了他。Wedontexpectyoutohaveinvitedher.3.据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。Theyarereportedtobebuildinganotherrailwayacrosstheregion.4.我们很高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。我们很高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。Wearehappytohavebeenstudyingtogetherwithyou.练习巩固1.不定式的完成和进行式1.给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起20不定式的其他用法2.不定式的被动形式1.我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。Itisanhonourformetobeaskedtogivealecturehere.2.这个问题还有待解决。这个问题还有待解决。Theproblemremainstobesolved.3.每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。Alotofgraduatesasktobesenttoworkwheretheyaremostneededeveryyear.4.据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。AnotherprimaryschoolisreportedtohavebeenbuiltforChildreninWenchuan.练习巩固不定式的其他用法2.不定式的被动形式1.我被邀请到这里讲213.3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：tooto(TextbookP59.Ex.4)enoughto(P59.Ex.5)Itisadj.forsb.toItisadj.ofsb.toSb./Sth.issaid/reportedto难点突破3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：难点突破224.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：(1)在介词在介词but,except,besides,than前若有实义动词前若有实义动词do时：时：Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?Hecoulddonothingexcept/butwait.Hedidnothingelsethanlaugh.Icouldhardlydolessthanlieinbed.Ididnomorethanfinishthework.难点突破4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：难点突破23(2)表示表示“只好只好,不得不不得不”的的but but 之后之后：(cant/couldnotbut,cant/couldnothelpbut,cantchoosebut)1)Itsraininghard.Icanthelpbutstayathome.2)Wecouldnotbutfacethereality.3)Icantchoosebutfinishthework.4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：难点突破(2)表示“只好,不得不”的but 之后：(cant 24Homework1.我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。2.你能告诉我如何到机场吗？你能告诉我如何到机场吗？3.那个书架太高了，我够不到。那个书架太高了，我够不到。4.你会参加今天下午的会议吗？你会参加今天下午的会议吗？5.我今天早晨五点起床以便不错过第一趟车。我今天早晨五点起床以便不错过第一趟车。6.他不是一个容易相处的人。他不是一个容易相处的人。7.你真好帮我复习英语。你真好帮我复习英语。8.对不起让你久等了。对不起让你久等了。Homework我没想到玛丽会邀请我参加她的生日晚会。25Homework1.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.2.Can you tell me how to get to the airport?3.The bookshelf is too high for me to reach.4.Are you going to attend the meeting to be held this afternoon?5.I got up at six oclock this morning in order not to miss the first bus.6.A person like him is difficult to deal with.7.Its very kind of you to help me with my English.8.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.HomeworkI didnt expect Mary t26不定式的常用句型tootoP59-4enoughto2.Thisteaistoohotformetodrink.3.Thebenchisntwideenoughfor3peopletositon.4.Thefencewastoohighforustoclimbover.5.Theblanketisntwarmenoughformetouseinwinter.6.ThecupboardwastooheavyforJamestomove.不定式的常用句型tooto P 59-4enough27Itisadj.forsb.to不定式的常用句型P59-52.ItisnecessaryforMarytogotothedoctor.3.Itwasdisappointingforustofindthecinemaclosed.4.Itwasinterestingforhimtoreadthebook.It is adj.for sb.to 不定式的常用句28不定式的常用句型比较：Itisadj.ofsb.to1.Itsverykindofyoutohelpme.2.Itspoliteofhertosaythankyou.3.Itsrudeofhimtogetintotheofficewithoutknockingthedoor.不定式的常用句型比较：It is adj.of sb.t291.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier_itmoredifficult.2.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake3.2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.4.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsPracticeThe purpose of new technologie303.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingB.C.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyB.C.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch3.Charles Babbage is generall315.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto6.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeB.C.beingtakenD.taking5.The boy wanted to ride his327.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromB.C.tochooseD.forchoosing8._lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep 7.There are five pairs _,bu339.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingB.C.tosettleD.beingsettled10.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying9.With a lot of difficult pro3411.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying_theirproductsmorecompetitive.A.tomakeB.makingB.C.tohavemadeD.havingmade12.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake11.In order to gain a bigger 35