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句子成份句子成份 句子一般由两个部分组成：句子一般由两个部分组成：主语部分（主语部分（subject group）谓语部分（谓语部分（predicate group）句子成份：句子成份：主主 谓谓 宾宾 表表补补定定 状状句子成份 句子一般由两个部分组成：主语部分（subjec She smiled.She is a doctor.I play the piano.He gave me a pen.Tom made me cry .主主 +谓谓主主 +系系 +表表主主 +谓谓 +宾宾主主+谓谓 +间接宾语间接宾语 +直接宾语直接宾语主主 +谓谓 +宾宾 +宾补宾补简单句的五种简单句的五种基本基本句型句型 She smiled.主 +宾语从句1.I know him.2.I know who he is.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,放在放在动词动词/介词介词/形容词形容词(sure/certain/glad/afraid/sorry 等等)之后之后.句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从句。宾语从句。I know him.主语谓语宾语（简宾语从句宾语从句He told me that he had finished his work.（动词宾语动词宾语）Everything depends on whether we have enough time.（介词宾语介词宾语）I am sure that he will keep his word.（形容词宾语）（形容词宾语）宾语从句He told me that he had fin 宾语从句的三要素：1.引导词引导词 2.语序（陈述语序）语序（陈述语序）3.时态时态 宾语从句的三要素：1.引导词 Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词引导名词性从句的关联词性从句的关联词):连词连词(不作成分）不作成分）连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,ifwhen,where,why,howConjunctions of Noun Clauses(引We know _ they are famous.总结：总结：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能 充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常 省略。省略。thatWe know _ they are famous.总结 注意：注意：“that”在以下情况下不能省略在以下情况下不能省略I found it necessary that we should drink more water.1.宾语从句并列时宾语从句并列时,第一个第一个 that 可以省略，第二可以省略，第二个不可省略。个不可省略。2.it 做形式宾语做形式宾语 She said that she couldnt tell me and that I couldnt understand.注意：“that”在以下情况下不能省略I found itI wonder _ you like this TV drama.总结：总结：whether,if 有有“是否是否”的含义，的含义，在从句也不充当成分。在从句也不充当成分。whether/ifI wonder _ you like t I dont know_ or not youll go.He doesnt know _ to visit that old man again.Im interested in _ hell go or not._ he lives there,I want to know.We discuss _ we should close the store.whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether后面有后面有or not后面跟不定式时后面跟不定式时宾从在介词后宾从在介词后当宾语从句置于句首时当宾语从句置于句首时在动词在动词discuss之后之后以下情况只能用以下情况只能用whether whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherw what,who,which,where,how,why,when等等引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句关系代词及关系副词引导的宾语从句相当于关系代词及关系副词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，都在从句中特殊疑问句，都在从句中充当一定的成分充当一定的成分。1.I dont know _ I should do.2.I wonder _ will clean the classroom.3.Ask him _ he wants,the big one or the small one.4.I dont know _ he comes from.5.I dont understand_ he is angry.whatwhowhichwhere why what,who,which,where 1.When will he go to the library?A.His brother asks when he will go to the library.B.His brother asks when will he go to the library.2.What did he want to buy?A.I dont know what did he want to buy.B.I dont know what he wanted to buy.二二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序:主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）陈述语序陈述语序 1.When will he go to the liWhats wrong?Whats the matter?What has happened?Who is in the classroom?注意：注意：当当what,who在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作主语作主语时，时，语序不变语序不变：1)I dont know_.2)Can you tell me _?what has happenedwhats the matterWhats wrong?注意1)I know that he once_(live)here.2)She says that she _(work)from Monday to Friday.三、宾语从句的三、宾语从句的时态时态 1.主句用主句用现在时现在时，从句可根据实际，用，从句可根据实际，用_时态。（主现从随便）时态。（主现从随便）lived任何任何works3)He tells me that he _（visit)Beijing this summar holiday.will visit 1)I know that he once_(2 2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态,宾宾语语从从句句必必须须用用_时态（主过从过）时态（主过从过）1)He asked whether his father_ (come)back tomorrow.2)He said that he _(see)it already.would comehad seenHe told me the earth _(move)around the sun.3.从句说明的是从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、一般真理、客观事实、自然现象自然现象时，时，仍用仍用_。（真理。（真理规律永一现）规律永一现）moves过去的某一种过去的某一种一般现在时一般现在时2.如果主句是过去的时态,宾语从句必须用_主句谓语动词为主句谓语动词为demand,order,suggest,decide,insist,request,command等等要求，命令，建议要求，命令，建议等时，宾等时，宾语从句常用语从句常用“(should)do”He ordered that we(should)set off at once.他命令我们立刻出发。She suggested that we(should)put on more clothes.她建议我们多穿衣服。主句谓语动词为demand,order,suggest,1.The radio says it _(be)cloudy tomorrow.2.The headmaster hopes everything _(go)well.3.I heard they _ (return)it already.4.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will be goes had returnedrises PracticeFill in the proper form of the words givenThe radio says it _(be)请用请用that,whether,whose,whom,what,how等等填空填空.1.I think _ he will be all right in a few days.2.Do you know _ they are waiting for?3.He asked _ dictionary it was.4.Please pay attention to _ the teacher said.5.Can you tell me _ I can get to the railway station?6.I dont know _ he is a Chinese.thatwhomwhosewhathowwhether请用that,whether,whose,whom,w1.I worried about if my brother will return in time.2.Mr.Smith asked if Marry has finished her homework3.Mum told me that light traveled faster than sound.4.I dont know that he is doing.5.My mom insisted that I did my homework at once.6.I wonder if to accept it or not.7.The teacher asks me that whether I like English.correctionwhetherhadwhatwhethertravelsdo correctionwhetherhadwhatwheth宾语从句在写作中的运用宾语从句在写作中的运用(以周测作文为例）以周测作文为例）。1 1、我们进行了一场关于中学生是否应该多、我们进行了一场关于中学生是否应该多参加体育运动的讨论。参加体育运动的讨论。2.70%2.70%的学生认为我们应该多参加体育运的学生认为我们应该多参加体育运动。动。3 3 我们发现多做运动是很有必要的。（用我们发现多做运动是很有必要的。（用it it 作形式宾语）作形式宾语）4.4.我建议大家多做运动。我建议大家多做运动。(suggest)(suggest)宾语从句在写作中的运用(以周测作文为例）。1、我们进行了一场关于中学生是否应该多参加体育运动的讨论。Wehavehadadiscussionabout_.2.70%的学生认为我们应该多参加体育运动。_whether we should take more exercise70%of the students think that we should take more exercise.3.我们发现多做运动是很有必要的。（用it作形式宾语）_4.我建议大家多做运动。_We find it neccessary that we should take more exercise.I suggest that we(should)take more exercise.1、我们进行了一场关于中学生是否应该多参加体育运动的讨论。wHomework 1.Review what we learned in this class.2.Finish the exercises.Homework Review what we learne
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