中考语法精讲8--句子种类课件

九鼎教育中心九鼎教育中心中考英语语法精讲中考英语语法精讲句子种类句子种类判断下列句子的种类判断下列句子的种类1、我昨天和、我昨天和Mary一起去看电影。一起去看电影。I went to the cinema with Mary yesterday.2、她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊！、她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊！3、你们多久举行一次英语聚会？、你们多久举行一次英语聚会？4、你更喜欢哪种，茶还是咖啡？、你更喜欢哪种，茶还是咖啡？What a beautiful gilr she is!How often do you have an English party?Which do you like better，tea or coffee?5、大楼前面有一颗树，是吗？、大楼前面有一颗树，是吗？6、不要迟到！、不要迟到！7、我可以在这儿吸烟吗？、我可以在这儿吸烟吗？8、没有水人类不能生存、没有水人类不能生存.There is a tree in front of the building,isnt there?Dont be late!May I smoke here?Man cant live without water.句子种类句子种类1、陈述句、陈述句2、疑问句、疑问句3、祈使句、祈使句4、感叹句、感叹句1、陈述句2、疑问句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句反意疑问句考点考点1 1 反意疑问句反意疑问句You have finished my work already,havent you?反意疑问句的构成反意疑问句的构成陈述句陈述句+,+附加提问部分附加提问部分（助动词（助动词+代词）代词）基本原则基本原则-“8字方针字方针”前肯后否前肯后否 前否后肯前否后肯He is going to the shopping center,isnt he?反意疑问句的回答反意疑问句的回答他明天打算去购物中心，对吗？他明天打算去购物中心，对吗？He is going to the shopping center tomorrow,isnt he?对对，他打算去。，他打算去。不不，他不打算去。，他不打算去。Yes，he is.No，he isnt.他明天不打算去购物中心他明天不打算去购物中心，对吗？对吗？He isnt going to the shopping center tomorrow,is he?不，他打算去。不，他打算去。对，他不打算去。对，他不打算去。Yes，he is.No，he isnt.尊重事实尊重事实1、当陈述部分有当陈述部分有few,little,hardly,seldom,nothing,never等等否定词否定词时，反时，反意疑问句的附加部分要用肯定形式。意疑问句的附加部分要用肯定形式。那位老人几乎不能再走了，是吗？那位老人几乎不能再走了，是吗？can he?The old man can hardly walk on,但但当陈述部分的否定词是通过加当陈述部分的否定词是通过加词缀词缀（前缀或（前缀或后缀）构成的，后缀）构成的，ununhappy,happy,imimpossible,possible,disdislike,homelike,homelessless视为肯视为肯定，定，反意疑问句的附加部分仍用否定形式。反意疑问句的附加部分仍用否定形式。The little girl is very unhappy,那个小女孩很不高兴，是不是？那个小女孩很不高兴，是不是？isnt she?2、当陈述部分的主语是含当陈述部分的主语是含“thing”的不定代词的不定代词时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语通常用时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语通常用it.3 3、当陈述部分的主语是含当陈述部分的主语是含“one”或或“body”的不定代词时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主的不定代词时，反意疑问句的附加部分的主语通常用语通常用they,有时也可用有时也可用he.Something is wrong with the old machine,这台旧机器出毛病了，对吗？这台旧机器出毛病了，对吗？isnt it?Everyone is ready，大家都准备好了，是吗？大家都准备好了，是吗？arent they？4.陈述部分是陈述部分是祈使句祈使句时，反意疑问句的附加时，反意疑问句的附加部分通常用部分通常用will you.把所有的窗户都关上，好吗？把所有的窗户都关上，好吗？Close all the windows,will you/wont you?不要把所有的窗户都关上，好吗？不要把所有的窗户都关上，好吗？Dont close all the windows,will you?以以lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句的附加部分要开头的祈使句，反意疑问句的附加部分要用用shall we，以，以let us 开头的祈使句，反意开头的祈使句，反意疑问句的附加部分要用疑问句的附加部分要用will you.我们去看熊猫好吗？我们去看熊猫好吗？Lets go to see the pandas,shall we?Let us go to see the pandas,will you?5.当陈述部分是当陈述部分是there be结构时，结构时，反意疑问句的主语仍用反意疑问句的主语仍用there。There is a sheep on the hill,isnt there?There wont be a sports meeting in our school,will there?6.当陈述部分是含有当陈述部分是含有宾语从句宾语从句的主从复合句时，反意疑问的主从复合句时，反意疑问句要与句要与主句中的动词和主语保持一致主句中的动词和主语保持一致；但当陈述部；但当陈述部分是分是“I think/believe/guess+宾语从句宾语从句”（否定前移）（否定前移）时，时，反意疑问句要反意疑问句要与宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致与宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致与宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致与宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致，He said that he wouldnt join them,didnt he?I dont think that she will come,will she?()I told you not to be late again,John,_I?A.do B.did C.dont D.didntD()I dont think she has gone to Beijing,_?A.has she B.hasnt she C.do I D.dont I()You bought a new computer last week,_ you?A.arent B.dont C.didnt D.haventAC（）34.-You have seen the film The Dead Reading，havent you?-_.How I wish to see it again!A.No,I have B.No,I haventC.Yes,I like it D.Yes,Its boring()13.Alice had a wonderful time yesterday,_?A.hadnt she B.wasnt she C.didnt she D.wouldnt sheBC（）-Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago,_?-No,he couldnt.But now he is quite good at it.A.couldnt he B.could he C.didnt he ()13.There are always many volunteers in great events,_?-Yes.Many hands make light work!A.arent there B.are there C.arent they BA（）Dont forget to put the book back on the shelf,_?A.do you B.dont you C.will you D.wont you()Few well-known singers came to the concert,did they?_.Such as Andy Lau,Jay Chou and Kisty Zhang.A.No,they didnt B.Yes,they did C.No,they did D.Yes,they didn;tCB1.1.常常省略主语常常省略主语youyou,2.2.以以动词原形动词原形开头，一般开头，一般只有只有肯定句和否定句肯定句和否定句（Dont）两种形式两种形式。（）3.Just _here and do it.A.to stay B.stayed C.stay D.stayingC考点考点2 祈使句祈使句表示请求，命令等语气的句子是表示请求，命令等语气的句子是祈使句祈使句特点特点Be quiet!安静！安静！Go out!/Go away!滚！滚！一起看电影吧！一起看电影吧！Lets(not)go to the movie!祈使句祈使句1、Be 开头开头2、Do 开头开头3、Let开头开头()1._ hard,or youll fall behind others.A.Working C.To workB.Works D.Work()2._ hard,and youll get good grades.A.Working C.To work B.Works D.Work DD祈使句祈使句+逗号逗号+连词（连词（andand然后，而且然后，而且/or/or否则否则）+将来时的句子。将来时的句子。考点考点2 祈使句祈使句固定句型固定句型快点，否则我们就迟到了。快点，否则我们就迟到了。Hurry up,or we will be late.()_here on time,or Ill beat you!A.Be B.To be C.Been D.BeingA()-Im leaving now.-_ you turn off the lights.A.To make sure B.Make sure C.Made sure D.Making sureB祈使句祈使句代表代表将来将来，回答时都用助动词，回答时都用助动词willwill。考点考点2 祈使句祈使句回答方式回答方式1.-Please bring little Tom next time you come to Anhui.-_,thank you.A.I will B.I hope so C.Thats right D.My pleasureA2.-Tom,dont forget to do your homework.-_.A.Yes,I will B.No,I dont C.No,I wont D.Yes,I doC()1.Mary got good grades in school._excited she is!A.What C.What a B.How D.How a()2._ pretty your dress is!Where did you get it?A.How B.How a C.What D.What aCA用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子是感感叹句叹句。末尾用感叹号，感叹句通常以。末尾用感叹号，感叹句通常以what 或或how 开头。开头。考点考点3 感叹句感叹句以以what开头的感叹句开头的感叹句的公式的公式(1)What+a/an+形容词形容词+单数单数可数名词可数名词（+主语主语+谓语谓语）！这是一块多么漂亮的这是一块多么漂亮的手表手表啊！啊！What a nice watch it is!What beautiful roses they are!(2)What+形容词形容词+不不可数可数/复数复数名词名词（+主语主语+谓语谓语）！多糟糕的多糟糕的天气天气啊！啊！多么美丽的多么美丽的玫瑰花玫瑰花啊！啊！What bad weather（it is）!以以How开头的感叹句开头的感叹句的公式的公式(1)How+形容词形容词/副词（副词（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）！(2)How+主语主语+谓语！谓语！这个消息多么这个消息多么激动人心激动人心啊！啊！她跑得多么她跑得多么快快啊！啊！How exciting the news is!How she runs!()1.-I hear an old couple are travelling around China by bike.-Oh,_ long way!They are so great!A.what a B.how C.what D.how aA 2.The advantages of the Chongqi Bridge have already been seen._ good news to us!A.What B.What a C.How D.How aA 3._ exciting news!We will have a _ holiday after the exam.A.What an;two months B.How an;two months C.What;twomonth D.How;two monthsC 用用How/What填空！填空！important jobs they have done!_ interesting the dog is!_ time flies!_ a useful subject they are learning!_ sweet water it is!WhatHowHowWhatWhat考点考点4 倒装句倒装句|句装倒句装倒 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后谓语在后（主语（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语（谓语+主语）主语）,就叫就叫倒装结构倒装结构倒装结构倒装结构。如果全部谓。如果全部谓语放在主语之前语放在主语之前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装全部倒装全部倒装;如果只把助动如果只把助动词或词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装。inversions-I like apples.-Mee,too.-我喜欢苹果。我喜欢苹果。-我也喜欢。我也喜欢。-I dont like apples.-我不喜欢苹果。我不喜欢苹果。-Tom也不喜欢也不喜欢。看！公交车来了。看！公交车来了。Look!The bus is coming.-I like apples.-So do I.-Neither does Tom.There/Here comes the bus!正常正常语序语序：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 I love English.There/Here+谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装 There/Here came the bus.So/Neither+助动词助动词+主语主语部分倒装部分倒装 So do I.Neither will I.1.在以在以here、there开头的句子里。开头的句子里。用完全倒装。用完全倒装。“Here/There+谓语动词谓语动词+主语主语 结构。结构。Here _ _!一位老太太过来了一位老太太过来了。There _ _.公交车来了。公交车来了。_ _ some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。桌子上有一些书。如果主语是如果主语是人称代词人称代词,就不用倒装。如就不用倒装。如:Here you are.There she comes.给你。给你。她来了。她来了。comes an old ladycomes/came the busThereareHey,Nick._ comes the last bus!Hurry up,or well have to walk home.(2011 (2011年年)A.This B.There C.That D.ItB -Where is Kate?-Where is Kate?-Look,_.She is at the school -Look,_.She is at the school gate.gate.A.there she is A.there she is B.there is she B.there is she C.here you are C.here you are D.here it isD.here it isA Look,Look,there_there_ A.A.the bus comesthe bus comes B.B.comes the comes the busbus C.C.come the buscome the bus B 2.So/Neither 引导的引导的部分部分倒装句。倒装句。“So/Neither+助动词助动词+主语主语 结构。结构。-Tom likes music.-So do I.(我也喜欢我也喜欢)-Tom will not go to school tomorrow.-Neither will I.(我也不去我也不去)1.-I saw the film on TV.What about you?-_.A.So did I B.So I did C.So was I D.So I wasA 2.2.-I have never been to Yunnan I have never been to Yunnan before.before.-_._.A.A.So did MarySo did Mary B.B.So has So has MaryMary C.C.Neither did MaryNeither did Mary D.D.Neither has Neither has MaryMaryD 注意区分：注意区分：So do I So I do.Neither do I.Neither I do.1.-Tom likes music.-So do I.(我我也也喜欢喜欢)2.-You did very well in the maths exam.-Yes,so I did.(我我确实确实做得好做得好)1.-Tom will not go to school tomorrow.-Neither will I.(我我也也不去不去)2.-Lily,you have never been to Shanghai,have you?-Neither I have.I wish to go there.(我我确实确实没去过没去过)1.-I will go to the Great Wall next week.-_.A.So I will B.Neither will I C.So will I D.So do IC 2.2.-You havent passed the maths You havent passed the maths exam,have you?exam,have you?-_._.A.A.So did ISo did I B.B.So So have Ihave I C.C.Neither have I Neither have I D.D.Neither Neither I haveI haveD D()3.-I have never been to Hawaii.What about Mike?-.A.So has he B.So he does C.Neither he has D.Neither has he祈使句祈使句感叹句感叹句简单句简单句WhatWhat公式公式公式公式HowHow公式公式公式公式2步骤步骤倒装句倒装句反义疑问句反义疑问句反义疑问句反义疑问句V原开头原开头原开头原开头祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句+,+,and/or+and/or+句子句子句子句子表将来表将来全倒全倒全倒全倒-Here/ThereHere/There部分倒部分倒部分倒部分倒回答回答回答回答反问反问反问反问So do INeitherNeither do I do ISo I do八字方针八字方针八字方针八字方针-前肯后否，前否后肯前肯后否，前否后肯前肯后否，前否后肯前肯后否，前否后肯明辨是非明辨是非明辨是非明辨是非Thanks for listening.