一般过去时和现在完成时课件讲义

.一般过去时一般过去时&现在完成时现在完成时.一般过去时.1前提测评1.Our teacher _ English on the radio the day before yesterday.A.teaches B.taught C.had taught2.The boy thought for a while and _ an idea.A.will have B.has C.had3.-When _ you _ your old friend?-The day before yesterday.A.will,visit B.did,visit C.have visited4.-How long _ Mrs.Green _ here?-About half a year.A.did,live B.has,lived C.have,lived5.The students havent visited a museum _.A.already B.ever C.before.前提测评1.Our teacher _ English26.Someone _ the classroom.Look!How clean it is!A.has swept B.is sweeping C.have swept7.Uncle Wang has worked in the factory _ 30 years.A.for B.since C.over8.Have you _ seen a black man?A.before B.ever C.never9.Peter lost his bike yesterday._ he _ it yet?A.Haslooked for B.Does find C.Has found10.My brother left school in 2005,and since then he _ in Beijing.A.livedB.will liveC.has lived.6.Someone _ the classroom.3如何判断一般过去时如何判断一般过去时1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与常与yesterday,yesterday morning,two days ago,just now,last week/last month/last year,on that day,at that time,in 2001等时间状等时间状语连用语连用)Jim刚才在这里刚才在这里Jim was here a moment ago.你一小时前去哪儿了你一小时前去哪儿了?Where did you go an hour ago?刚才一小时前一小时前.如何判断一般过去时1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状42.表示过去一段时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去一段时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与常与often,usually,always,sometimes等时间等时间状语连用状语连用),另外由另外由when引导特殊疑问句用一般过引导特殊疑问句用一般过去时，还有由去时，还有由after,before,when引导的时间状语引导的时间状语状语从句。状语从句。1.-What _ Mr.Jones _ before he moved here?-He drove a city bus.A.did,doB.does,doC.do,do2.Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A.buysB.will buyC.bought3.How clean the classroom is!When you it?A.do,cleanB.did cleanC.have,cleaned4.当我还是一个小孩的时候当我还是一个小孩的时候,我经常在街上踢足球我经常在街上踢足球._ in summer when he was young.I often played football.2.表示过去一段时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态.(常与o51.-I have seen the film“Titanic(铁达尼号铁达尼号)”.-When you it?A.have,seenB.did,seeC.will see2.-What did the teacher say just now?-He _ us not to play computer games all day.A.tellsB.toldC.has told3.-How was your weekend?-Great!We _ a picnic by the lake.A.haveB.are havingC.had4.-Havent I told you I like coffee without sugar?-Sorry.But I only a little.A.am puttingB.putC.will put.-I have seen the film“Titan6现在完成时现在完成时1.我我已已做完作业了做完作业了.2.他他刚刚回来回来.3.你你曾经曾经跟外国人说国话吗跟外国人说国话吗?_ you ever _ to a foreigner?4.我我以前从没以前从没骑过马骑过马.I _ never _ a horse before.5.你爸爸在哪你爸爸在哪?他他去了去了英国英国.Where is your father?He _ England.I have already finished my homework.构成构成:have/has+动词的过去分词He has just come back.Have spokenhave riddenhas gone to用法用法:1.过去的动作对现在所造成的影响.常与already,yet,never,ever,once,twice,just,before,still,so far,in the last 10 years,recently,ever since等连用.(already 常用于肯定句,yet 用于否定句,疑问句.).现在完成时我已做完作业了.I have already fi72.现在完成时表示动作在过去发生持续到现在并现在完成时表示动作在过去发生持续到现在并将继续下去将继续下去.1.我在这儿教了我在这儿教了两年两年书书.2.自从你们来这里自从你们来这里，你们就在这家工厂工作了吗？，你们就在这家工厂工作了吗？3.自从十年前自从十年前，他就不在美国住了，他就不在美国住了.4.-你在这里住了你在这里住了多久多久了？了？-大概十年了。大概十年了。-For about 10 years.I have taught here for 2 years.Have you worked in the factory since you came here?He hasnt lived in America since 10 years ago.-How long have you lived here?常与常与for+一段时间一段时间 since+过去的时间过去的时间(年年,月月,日日,时时,ago)从句从句(用一般过去时用一般过去时)since I came here how long 引导的特殊疑问句中引导的特殊疑问句中.2.现在完成时表示动作在过去发生持续到现在并将继续下去.我在83.短暂性动词短暂性动词(瞬间动词瞬间动词)在在现在完成时现在完成时中，中，不能与表示不能与表示一段时间一段时间的状语连用。要改为的状语连用。要改为延续性动词。延续性动词。*He has come.(他已经来了)He has come here for two hours.He has been here for two hours.Are they right?.3.短暂性动词(瞬间动词)在现在完成时中，不能与表示一段时9 表示短暂动作的动词可以用于完成时态。He has come.但不能与 for,since等表示一段时间时间状语连用以及用于Howlong 提问的疑问句中。可用 itis+时间+since 从句。come-been here/been in+地点地点go-been there/been in+地点地点open-been open close-been closeddie-been dead leave-been awaybuy-have had borrow-have keptbecome-been arrive-been in start/begin-been onjoin-been in/been a member of 1.-When did you buy the book?-In 2008.So I it for 4 years.A.boughtB.have bought C.have had2.他奶奶去世十年了。他奶奶去世十年了。His grandma for ten years.3.他离校一年了。他离校一年了。He from school for a year.4.他来这里两年了他来这里两年了.He for two years.has been awayhas been deadhas been here.表示短暂动作的动词可以用于完成时态。He has 101.I have to Beijing once.A.been B.goneC.went2.-Where is your brother?-He has to the library.A.beenB.goneC.went3.I have this city for ten years.A.been inB.been toC.gone to4.He has gone abroad.He has gone to abroad.区别区别have(has)been to,have(has)gone to 和和 have(has)been in有用法。有用法。1.have(has)been to 去过某地，人已回来。去过某地，人已回来。2.have(has)gone to 去了某地，但人在外地。去了某地，但人在外地。3.have(has)been 指待在某地多长时间了，人仍指待在某地多长时间了，人仍在那地方，还未走。在那地方，还未走。4.注意：注意：与与here,there,home,upstairs,downstairs,abroad,where连用时中，连用时中，to或或in要要去掉。去掉。.1.I have to Beijing once.11区别：区别：1.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影强调过去的事情对现在的影响或结果。响或结果。.区别：.12例如：例如：We are good friends(现在情况现在情况)我们是好朋友。我们是好朋友。I got to know him in 2005.(过去的动作过去的动作)我在我在2005年认识（结识）他年认识（结识）他We have known each other since 2005.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在起来并着眼于现在)自从自从2005年来我们就相互认识。年来我们就相互认识。.例如：We are good friends(现在情况).13Linda has a big house.(现在情况现在情况)She bought the house ten years ago.(过过去的动作去的动作)She has owned the house for ten years.She has lived in the house for ten years.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在来并着眼于现在).Linda has a big house.(现在情况).142.一般过去一般过去时常与时常与具体的时间状语具体的时间状语连用，连用，而而现在完成现在完成时通常与时通常与模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语：一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，last week，ago，in1980，in October，just now等，皆为等，皆为具体具体的时的时间状语。间状语。.2.一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊15现在完成时的时间状语：现在完成时的时间状语：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，up to now，in past years，always等，等，皆皆不确定或模糊不确定或模糊的时间状语。的时间状语。共同的时间状语：共同的时间状语：this morning，tonight，this April，now，already，recently，lately 等。等。.现在完成时的时间状语：for，since，so far，16句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday，last，week，in 1960）时，）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。改错：改错：Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.I have seen the film twice last month.saw.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday，last17比较练习 1.-Where _you _(put)the book?I cant see it anywhere.-I _(put)it right here.But now its gone.A.did;put;put B.have;put;put C.did;put;have put D.have;put;have put2.We havent heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose _ to her?A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened 3.Hello,I _ you were in London.How long _ here?A.dont know;were you B.hadnt known;are you C.havent known;are D.didnt know;have you been.比较练习 1.-Where _you _(pu18比较练习4.Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to.A.finished;were B.have finished;are C.have finished;were D.had finished;were 5.It _ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work.A.finds B.has found C.was found D.has been found 6.When I was at college I _ three foreign language but I _ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgottenD.had spoken;have forgotten.比较练习4.Im glad to tell you th191.My aunt isnt here.She Shanghai on business.She will be back in three days.A.wentB.has gone to C.has been to2.-Will you go to the cinema,Mary?-No,I am afraid not.Because I my ticket.A.loseB.have lostC.lost3.我很久没收到他的来信。我很久没收到他的来信。I for a long time.4.他不在这个城市，他已搬到美国去了。他不在这个城市，他已搬到美国去了。He isnt in this city.He to the United States.havent heard from himhas moved近几年中考题近几年中考题.1.My aunt isnt here.She 201.Mrs.Smith with his family in New York in spring of 1997.A.is,/B.was,theC.has been,the2.-May I speak to Mr.Smith?-Sorry,he Australia.But he in two days.A.has been to,will come backB.has gone to,will be backC.has been in,would come back3.-How long you here?-Since 10 years ago.A.did,liveB.have,livedC.have,live4.The rain stopped and the sun to shine.A.beganB.beginsC.has begun5.There a big cake and many candies at the party yesterday.A.wasB.wereC.is达标测评达标测评.1.Mrs.Smith with his family 216.-What do you think of the film Harry Potter?-Its very nice.I it twice.A.will seeB.have seenC.saw7.2010年有很多国家参加上海世博会。年有很多国家参加上海世博会。Many countries the Expo in Shanghai.8.你听说过你听说过My heart will go on这首歌吗？这首歌吗？you the song called My heart will go on?took part inHave heard of/heard about.6.-What do you think of the221.They _ here since a week ago.A.have been B.have gone C.have been to2.I _ France twice.A.have been to B.have gone to C.have been dead3.The great man _ for 5 years.A.died B.has died C.has been dead4.-May I speak to John?-Sorry,he _ work.A.has been in B.has gone to C.went to5.They _ come home yet.A.have B.havent C.didnt6.The shop which sells coffee _ for 3 years.A.has been openB.has been openedC.has opened.1.They _ here since a wee23.THE END.24