高中英语语法——过去分词作状语课件

过去分词作状语过去分词作状过去分词作状语的用法语的用法过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词，可以表示_、_、_、_、_或_等，在意义上相当于状语从句。时间时间原因原因条件条件让步让步行为方式行为方式伴随情况伴随情况过去分词作状语的用法过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语修饰谓语FindoutsentencesusingV-ppastheFindoutsentencesusingV-ppastheadverbialinthetextadverbialinthetext.1.Worried about the journey,1.Worried about the journey,I was unsettled for I was unsettled for the the first few days.first few days.As I was worried about the journey,As I was worried about the journey,I was I was unsettledunsettled 3.Hitbythelackoffreshair,3.Hitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.myheadached.BecauseIwashitbythelackoffreshair,BecauseIwashitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.myheadached.4.Exhausted,4.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.AsIwasexhausted,AsIwasexhausted,Islidintobedand.Islidintobedand.2.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,2.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparentshisparentscompany,called“FutureTours”,transportedmecompany,called“FutureTours”,transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.safelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.Sincehisparentscompanywaswell-knownforSincehisparentscompanywaswell-knownforFind out sentences using V-pp 1.过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语1.Seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate（精美的）（精美的）shape.When it is seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake（雪花）（雪花）has a delicate shape.2 2.Seenfromthetopofthehill.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookslikea,thecitylookslikeabiggardenbiggarden.Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecityWhenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookslooksAskedmanytimesAskedmanytimes,hebegantofeelbored.,hebegantofeelbored.Afterhewasaskedmanytimes,hebegantoAfterhewasaskedmanytimes,hebeganto1.过去分词作时间状语1.Seen under a mic注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。1.1.WhenitisheatedWhenitisheated,icewillbechangedinto,icewillbechangedintowater.water.WhenheatedWhenheated,icewillbechangedintoicewillbechangedintowater.water.注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,untExhaustedExhausted,the children fell asleep at once.,the children fell asleep at once.Caught in a heavy rainCaught in a heavy rain,he was wet to the,he was wet to the skin.skin.=Astheywereexhausted=Astheywereexhausted,thechildrenfell=Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain=Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,he,hewaswas表示原因，相当于由as,since,或because引导的原因状语从句.2.表示原因=As they were exhausted,the c3.表示条件表示条件Heated,water changes into steam.Given another chance,he will do better.表示条件,相当于if,unless引导的条件状语从句=If it is heated,water changes into steam.=If he is given another chance,he will do better.3.表示条件Heated,water changes 4.表示让步1.Laughedatbymanypeople1.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhis,hecontinuedhisstudy.study.2.Badlywounded2.Badlywounded,hecontinuedtofight.,hecontinuedtofight.表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句.Thoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,Thoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.hecontinuedhisstudy.Thoughhewasbadlywounded,hecontinuedThoughhewasbadlywounded,hecontinuedtofight.tofight.4.表示让步1.Laughed at by many pe5.表示方式或伴随1.The old man entered the meeting room,supported by a young fellow.=The old man entered the meeting room and was supported by a young fellow.2.She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film.=She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换.5.表示方式或伴随1.The old man entereThe film star appeared,The film star appeared,surrounded by surrounded by a group of fansa group of fans.=The film star appeared=The film star appeared and and was was surrounded by a group of fans.surrounded by a group of fans.The film star appeared,surrou1._(use)inthisway,thewordshouldntbetakenasaverb.2._(arm)withspecialguns,knivesandbrushes,twospacewalkingastronautspracticedfixingthespacecraft.3.Though_(catch)inatrafficjam,wemanagedtoarriveattheairport.4.Susanisnoteasytogetalongwith.Butonce_(gain),herfriendshipwilllastforever.UsedArmedArmedcaughtcaughtgainedgained用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(use)in this way,the过去分词作状语过去分词作状语需要注意的几个需要注意的几个问题问题过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题1.当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。Asked why she was late,her face went red.Asked why she was late,she went red in the face.2.小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩罚。If caught,the police will punish the thief.If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.1.过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。过去分词另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代。(1)The signal given,the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（the signal 是是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是就不是given 的逻辑主语。）的逻辑主语。）(2)She went by with her head held high.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。（held high 是是with 后宾语后宾语 her head 的的补足语补足语）2.过去分词的独立主格结构另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系.有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他们与主语之间的关系。常见的有以下几种：judging by/from 根据判断；由断定provided/providing(that)假如，倘若；在条件下；除非given 倘若；假定3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系.有些分词已成为1.Judging by/from his accent,he must be from the south.从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。2.I will agree to go provided/providing(that)my expenses are paid.假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。3.Given good weather,our ship will reach Shanghai this evening.假如天气好，我们的船将于今晚抵达上海。1.Judging by/from his accent,4.“连词过去分词”作状语过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词过去分词”结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。这些连词有：when,once,if,unless,though,as if,although,even if,even though,than,as 等。1.He will come if invited.=He will come if he is invited.2.When asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.=When he was asked about it,he could hardly hold back his feelings.每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。4.“连词过去分词”作状语过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构，作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如:(be)lost in 沉湎于沉湎于 (be)seated 坐坐(be)born 出身于出身于 (be)dressed in 穿着穿着(be)interested in 感兴趣感兴趣 (be)tired of 厌烦厌烦(be)worried about 担心担心5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况有些过去分词已形1.Dressed in white,the bride looks more beautiful.穿着一身白色衣服，新娘看起来更漂亮2.Tired of listening to music,she began to watch TV.由于听累了音乐，他开始看电视。3.Absorbed in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。1.Dressed in white,the bride6.过去分词作状语时的位置过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。1.Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。2.They came in,followed by their wives and children.他们进来了，夫人和孩子们紧随其后。3.Tom,horrified at what he had done,could say nothing.汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。6.过去分词作状语时的位置过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可7.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别 1）现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成主动关系。Seeing from the top of the tower,we can get a wonderful view of our city.2）过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。Seen from the top of the tower,our city looks more beautiful.3)不定式作状语，一般表示目的。To get a wonderful view of our city,we climbed to the top of the tower.7.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别 1）现在分词作PracticePracticePractice1.Once_,awordbecomesapromise.1.Once_,awordbecomesapromise.2.Once_,watercannotbetakenbackagain.2.Once_,watercannotbetakenbackagain.3._bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogo3._bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogobackhomeintime.backhomeintime.impress;pour;speakimpress;pour;speakA.覆水难收B.流连忘返C.一言既出,驷马难追spokenspokenpouredpouredImpressedImpressedCBA1.用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相匹配。1.Once _,a word becomes1._(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooks1._(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.beautifultous.2._(give)time,hellmakeafirstclasstennis2._(give)time,hellmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.player.3._(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmany3._(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.childrenplayingontheplayground.4._(give)moretime,Illfinishmyworkontime4._(give)moretime,Illfinishmyworkontime.SeenSeenGivenGivenLookingLooking2.用所给词的适当形式填空。GivenGiven1._(see)from the top o5.Compared with _(develop)5.Compared with _(develop)countries,we still have a long way to countries,we still have a long way to go.go.6.The English teacher entered the room,6.The English teacher entered the room,_(follow)by his students._(follow)by his students.7.The teaching buildings _(build)7.The teaching buildings _(build)in 1960 need repairing.in 1960 need repairing.8.I found my school bag _(leave)in 8.I found my school bag _(leave)in Marys room.Marys room.developeddevelopedfollowedfollowedbuiltbuiltleftleft5.Compared with _(de3.Rewritewithproperconjunctions3.Rewritewithproperconjunctions.1.United we stand,divided we fail.If we are united,we will stand,but if we are divided,we will fail.2.Asked what had happened,he told us about it.When he was asked what had happened,he told us about it.3.Well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.3.Rewrite with proper conjunc4.用过去分词作状语来改写句子。用过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.As I was worried about the journey,I 1.As I was worried about the journey,I was unsettled for the first few days.was unsettled for the first few days._,I was _,I was unsettled for the first few days.unsettled for the first few days.2.If he is given time,hell make a first-2.If he is given time,hell make a first-class tennis player.class tennis player._,hell make a first-_,hell make a first-class tennis player.class tennis player.WorriedaboutthejourneyWorriedaboutthejourneyGiventimeGiventime4.用过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.As I was wo3.As I was confused by the new surroundings,3.As I was confused by the new surroundings,I was hit by the lack of fresh air.I was hit by the lack of fresh air._,I was _,I was hit by the lack of fresh air.hit by the lack of fresh air.ConfusedbythenewsurroundingsConfusedbythenewsurroundings3.As I was confused by the new1.Since/As she was given advice by 1.Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective,the young lady the famous detective,the young lady was no longer afraid.was no longer afraid.5.Changethefollowing5.ChangethefollowingclausesclausesintotheV-PP.intotheV-PP.=Givenadvicebythefamousdetective=Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungtheyoungladywasnolongerafraid.ladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomework2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.wasfullofmistakes.=Doneinahurry,=Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofhishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.mistakes.1.Since/As she was given adv3.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.3.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.=Whenheated,=Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.icewillbechangedintowater.4.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afresh4.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.snowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.=Seenunderamicroscope,=Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasaafreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.delicatesix-pointedshape.3.When it is heated,ice will5.If I am compared with you,we still 5.If I am compared with you,we still have a long way to go.have a long way to go.=Thehunterlefthishouse,=Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.followedbyhisdog.=Comparedwithyou,=Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytowestillhavealongwaytogo.go.6.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewas6.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.followedbyhisdog.5.If I am compared with you,Thanks!