2020高考英语复习ppt课件专题二语法填空

专题二语法填空专题二语法填空1.命题形式语法填空是在一篇200词左右的短文中留出10个空白,考查考生在理解文章大意的基础上,对语境中的词语、句子、篇章逻辑的正确使用能力,涵盖了词汇、语法规则、构词知识、逻辑理解等层面,其中包括结合上下文直接填写1个单词和用所给单词的正确形式填写两种形式。分析20162019年的高考语法填空试题我们可以看出语法填空题的设空规律。1.命题形式20162019年高考全国卷语法填空考情一览表 20162019年高考全国卷语法填空考情一览表 2020高考英语复习ppt课件专题二语法填空2.命题规律(1)无提示词从上表我们可以看出,无提示词填空一般考查助动词、情态动词、冠词、介词、副词、代词、连词或从句的连接词。2.命题规律(2)有提示词有提示词填空主要考查词性转换、时态及语态和非谓语动词形式。(2)有提示词Passage1(2019全国1,15分,难度)ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidence61.theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62.(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Passage 1Modernmethods63.trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66.(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67.(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68.(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69.nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于居住范围广,监测费用高等因素,北极熊的数量难以准确估算,生物学家们对此持谨慎乐观的态度。Modern methods 63.tracki61.答案that解析考查连接词。该空前后均为句子,且空格后面的句子是对空格前面的名词evidence的内容的解释说明,由此判断该空为同位语从句的引导词,表示陈述语气,故填that。62.答案poorly解析考查副词。该空前后部分均为谓语成分hasbeenstudied,用副词修饰谓语部分,故填poorly。63.答案of/for解析考查介词。该空前面为名词methods,后面为动词-ing形式tracking,故应填介词。用of表示所属关系,也可填介词for。64.答案toperform解析考查非谓语动词。该空所在分句已有谓语动词are,故应填动词的非谓语形式。根据“be+adj.+todo”结构可知,应填toperform。61.答案that65.答案havereported解析考查动词的时态。本句的时间状语为inrecentyears,是现在完成时的标志。根据语境,主语Inuitpeople与report之间为主动关系,且people为复数形式,故填havereported。66.答案belief解析考查名词。该空前面有冠词a,应填名词,故填belief。67.答案noting解析考查非谓语动词。该空前面为介词by,应填动词-ing形式,且scientists与note之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填noting。68.答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。该空后面有than,应填形容词的比较级形式,故填higher。69.答案the解析考查冠词。该空后面为名词短语,根据语境及空格前的of可知存在限定范围,故填the。65.答案have reported70.答案are解析考查主谓一致。根据并列谓语动词时态和语态一致原则,此处采用一般现在时和主动语态。故填are。70.答案arePassage2(2019全国2,15分,难度)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61.(be)Britainsoldestfull-timeemployeestillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,62.sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave63.(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshiresWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.(declare)shehadnoplans65.(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idontseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67.becauseIwantto.”Passage 2GranddaughterGayleParks,31whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusinesssaiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedonthaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68.(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69.joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.Its70.(wonder).”【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一位90岁的英国女士仍然坚持工作,被评为“年度女性”的事迹。61.答案being解析考查非谓语动词。for是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。62.答案which解析考查定语从句。先行词是thepetshop,关系词在非限制性定语从句中做宾语,所以填which。Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31w63.答案finally解析考查副词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词在句中做状语,所以用副词形式。64.答案declared解析考查时态。根据下文的“shehadnoplans”可知,此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。65.答案toretire解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,plans后接动词不定式做定语。66.答案havemade解析考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“overtheyears”可知,句子应用现在完成时。67.答案but解析考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此处是“not.but.”结构,意为“不是而是”。63.答案finally68.答案saying解析考查非谓语动词。call和say有逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用动词-ing形式来解释call的内容。69.答案a解析考查冠词。joke是单数可数名词,此处是泛指,所以填a。70.答案wonderful解析考查形容词。所填的词在句中做表语,所以用形容词形式。68.答案sayingPassage3(2019全国3,15分,难度)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61.hardthatwecouldnthelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62.(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack63.dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64.hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Passage 3Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66.(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany67.(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere68.(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we69.(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,70.(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“我们”在PearlCity逗留期间的所见所闻。When they were free from work,61.答案so解析考查副词。so.that.为固定搭配,意为“如此以至于”。62.答案toget解析考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语表示目的。63.答案of解析考查介词。apackof为固定短语,意为“一群”。64.答案who解析考查定语从句。先行词masters指人,并且引导词在从句中做主语。因此用关系代词who。65.答案recommended解析考查动词的时态。此句为and连接的并列句,前后时态一致,故用一般过去时态。61.答案so66.答案competition解析考查名词。所填的词由冠词an修饰,故用compete的名词形式。67.答案traditional解析考查形容词。空格后为名词stories,应用形容词来修饰。68.答案hugely解析考查副词。所填的词修饰形容词popular,故用副词形式。69.答案wereinvited解析考查动词的时态和语态。句中时间状语为Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,又因为主语we与所给动词invite之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时态的被动形式。70.答案listening解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处做伴随状语;另外,所填的词与下文的meeting为并列关系,故用动词-ing形式。66.答案competitionPassage4(2019浙江,15分,难度)Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody56.(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚).Everybodywears57.samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth58.givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor59.(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan60.(easy)seethem.Passage 4Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer61.thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgrades62.(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidntwant63.(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno64.(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.Schooluniformsare65.(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdonthaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.【语篇导读】对于学生应不应该穿校服上学,一直以来都是个有争议的问题。研究表明,穿校服上学有一定的益处,在学校中仍占主流。But can uniforms help improve 56.答案has/willhave解析考查时态。由于本文讲述校服的情况,所以可以用一般现在时,由于句子主语是nobody,故用第三人称单数has。此外when引导的从句用一般现在时态时,其主句常用一般将来时,故该空也可用willhave。57.答案the解析考查冠词。same通常与the连用,意为“同样的,相同的”。58.答案that/which解析考查定语从句引导词。由于先行词为apieceofcloth,从句缺少主语,所以填that/which。59.答案cycling解析考查非谓语动词。根据句中的or为并列连词可知,其前后的形式应保持一致,根据or前的walking可知,此处填cycling。60.答案easily解析考查副词。修饰动词see应用easy的副词形式easily。56.答案has/will have61.答案to解析考查介词。表示“的答案”时,answer后的介词必须用to。62.答案improved解析考查时态和语态。根据空前的found可知,此处应用一般过去时,另外,improve用主动语态表示“某事有了提高”,故用improved。63.答案towear解析考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”。64.答案connection/connections解析考查名词。根据空前的no和空后的betweenuniformsandschoolperformance可知,此处应用connect的名词形式。因为no后可接名词的单数形式,也可以接名词的复数形式,故答案为connection/connections。65.答案traditional解析考查形容词。根据空前的系动词are,可知此处用tradition的形容词形式。61.答案toPassage5(2018全国1,15分,难度)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61.(long)thannon-runners.Youdonthavetorunfastorforlong62.(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63.(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycantmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65.walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466.showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67.(cause).Passage 5Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise.itsprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68.(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyanditsalways69.(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70.atry.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。根据一份对医学期刊上证据的回顾,跑步者比不跑步者可多活三年。你可以通过跑步来降低早亡的风险。The best exercise is one that 61.答案longer解析考查比较等级。根据后面的than可知,所填的词要用比较级。62.答案tosee解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词做目的状语,所以用动词不定式。63.答案dying解析考查非谓语动词。of是介词,后接动词时要用-ing形式。64.答案is解析考查时态和主谓一致。句子的主语是it,时态是一般现在时,所以填is。65.答案than解析考查连词。根据前面的moreeffective可知,句子是比较结构,所以填than。61.答案longer66.答案that/which解析考查定语从句。先行词是astudy,关系词在定语从句中做主语,所以填that/which。67.答案causes解析考查名词复数。cause是可数名词,根据前面的修饰语all可知,该名词要用复数形式。68.答案strengthen解析考查非谓语动词。空格前的to是动词不定式的符号,所以此处用动词原形。69.答案energetic解析考查形容词。根据前面的is可知,所填的词要用形容词形式。70.答案it/running解析考查代词。根据句意可知,所填的词代替上文提到的running,所以用it。也可以直接填running。66.答案that/whichPassage6(2018全国2,15分,难度)DietshavechangedinChinaandsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61.(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63.(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64.(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65.riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66.(pollute)inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.Passage 6AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67.(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005whenthegovernment68.(start)asoil-testingprogram69.givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmersand2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70.(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的农作物玉米的产量逐年增加的原因。种植玉米,不仅可以喂养牲畜,而且因为其生长过程浇水施肥较少,还可以减少对环境的污染,进而保护环境。According to the World Bank,Ch61.答案hasgrown解析考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since2011”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且该句的主语是“thecountry”,故谓语动词用单数形式。62.答案the解析考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处特指“过去的25年”,故应用定冠词the表示特指。63.答案actually解析考查副词。根据后文的介词短语“behindthechange”可知,此处应用actual的副词形式,故填actually。64.答案toimprove解析考查非谓语动词。句意:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而非稻米,目的是提高水质。此处是不定式做目的状语,故填toimprove。65.答案than解析考查形容词的比较级。根据前面的less可知,此处是形容词的比较级,故缺少连接词than。61.答案has grown66.答案pollution解析考查名词。根据空前的“decreased”可知,空处应该是名词做宾语,意思是“减少污染”,故填pollution。67.答案global解析考查形容词。此处fertilizerconsumption是名词词组,其前面需要用形容词修饰,故填globe的形容词形式。68.答案started解析考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“between2005”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。69.答案that/which解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做主语,修饰先行词asoil-testingprogram,故填that或which。70.答案feeding解析考查特殊句式。whiledoingsth.“当做某事的时候”,它是whilesb.is/wasdoingsth.的省略形式,故此处应填feeding。66.答案pollutionPassage7(2018全国3,15分,难度)Imnotsure61.ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.ImwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,Imface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62.topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63.(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64.(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel65.(challenge).Passage 7MynameisMireyaMayor.Ima66.(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67.thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasIdbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68.(they)alive.Truetoagorillasunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69.(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:“Imkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70.(stay)andwatch.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为研究灵长类动物的科学家,在中非密林中偶遇大猩猩的一次经历。My name is Mireya Mayor.Im a 61.答案who解析考查名词性从句。Imnotsure后面接宾语从句,所以用who指“我”不确定“我”和母猩猩两者中谁更害怕一点。62.答案the解析考查冠词。atthetopof为固定短语,意思是“在顶端”。63.答案loudest解析考查副词最高级。the和ofall都提示要用最高级。64.答案looking解析考查非谓语动词。avoid后面要接动词-ing形式做宾语,所以用looking。65.答案challenged解析考查非谓语动词。feel为系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,challenged“受到挑战的”。61.答案who66.答案scientist解析考查名词。前面有冠词a,所以此处需要用名词,且为单数形式。67.答案for解析考查介词。searchfor“搜索,寻找”。68.答案them解析考查人称代词。动词find后面加宾语,所以需要用they的宾格形式。69.答案meant解析考查动词时态。前后句提示这里需要用过去时态,mean的过去式为meant。70.答案tostay解析考查非谓语动词。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。66.答案scientistPassage8(2018浙江,15分,难度)FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56.(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.MetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58.canbetoeatout.Istillremember59.(visit)afriendwhodlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60.(shock)whenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.Passage 8Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61.(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,itsnotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62.(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63.(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64.(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmumshome65.dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。现在几乎很少有人有欲望或有时间做饭,作者建议:在家里自己做饭,这样不仅可以节省开支,而且还吃得健康。While regularly eating out see56.答案dishes解析考查名词。根据空前的“MakingChinese”可知,其后应该接名词的复数形式,故dish需要用其复数形式dishes。57.答案who/that解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做主语,修饰先行词“Manywesterners”,指代人,故填who或that。58.答案it解析考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处it做形式主语,而真正的主语是toeatout。59.答案visiting解析考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处意为“我仍然记得曾经拜访过一个朋友”。rememberdoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“记得已经做过某事”,故填visiting。56.答案dishes60.答案wasshocked解析考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知,“我”的朋友在这居住了五年,竟然一次饭也没自己做过,“我”被震惊到了,因此,空处用被动语态,又因为此处叙述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。61.答案havebecome解析考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“inrecentyears”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且位于“seemsto”的后面,故填havebecome。62.答案affordable解析考查形容词。该句中be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。afford的形容词形式是affordable。63.答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。high的比较级是higher,故填higher。60.答案was shocked64.答案weight解析考查名词。空前的in为介词,后面应该用名词形式,此处名词短语weightproblems意为“体重问题”。故填weight。65.答案for解析考查介词。fordinner为固定搭配,句意为“下次去妈妈家吃饭的时候,记得向她学习一些烹饪技巧”。故填for。64.答案weightPassage9(2018浙江11月,15分,难度)TheCaffeineCatchCaffeine,achemicaltypicallyfoundincoffee,hascausedalotofconcernbecauseitisoneofthefewdrugsthatshowupregularlyinourfoodsupply.Youprobably56.(use)caffeinesincechildhood.Caffeine57.(be)inyourfirstCoke.Ifyoueverenjoyedachocolatebar,youatecaffeine.Softdrinksarethemajorsource(来源)ofcaffeineformostchildrenandevensomeadults.58.(recent),caffeinehasfounditswayintoorange,apple,andotherflavoreddrinks.Passage 9Smallamountsofcaffeineacup59.twoofcoffeeadayseemsafeformostpeople.However,somepeoplehavetroublewithevensmallamounts.Onecupofcoffee60.thelateafternoonoreveningwillcause61.(they)tostayawakealmostallnight.Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem62.(call)caffeinism.Yougetverynervousandyoucantsleep.Itispossible63.caffeinemaycausebirthdefects(缺陷)inhumans,too.Onestudyshowedthat64.(woman)whodrankalotofcoffee,likeeightormorecupsperday,whiletheywerepregnantweremorelikely65.(have)childrenwithbirthdefects.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了咖啡因来源以及它对人体的影响。Small amounts of caffeinea cu56.答案haveused/havebeenusing解析考查时态。根据时间状语sincechildhood可知,此处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。57.答案was解析考查时态。根据“inyourfirstcoke”以及下文的“enjoyed”可知,此处用一般过去时。58.答案Recently解析考查副词。所填的词修饰整个句子,所以用副词形式。59.答案or解析考查连词。acuportwoofcoffee意为“一两杯咖啡”。60.答案in解析考查介词。根据后面的“afternoonorevening”可知,此处应填介词in。56.答案have used/have been usin61.答案them解析考查代词。所填的词做动词cause的宾语,所以用代词的宾格。62.答案called解析考查非谓语动词。problem和call是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词做后置定语。63.答案that解析考查名词性从句。Itispossiblethat.意为“可能”,it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。64.答案women解析考查名词的复数。根据下文的代词“they”可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。65.答案tohave解析考查非谓语动词。belikelytodo为固定结构,意为“很可能”。61.答案themPassage10(2017全国1,15分,难度)Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)61.amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62.(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Passage 10Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63.(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64.(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As65.result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66.(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67.(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68.(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69.(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70.isnotgoodforthehealth.Fat and salt are very importan【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了低脂低盐的饮食方式的利弊以及这种饮食方式对人体的影响。61.答案as解析考查介词。as“作为”,是介词。此处意为“作为一种与心脏病做斗争的方法”。62.答案effects解析考查名词的复数。effect“作用”,是可数名词。根据前面的some可知要用effects。sideeffects“副作用”。63.答案toprocess解析考查非谓语动词。requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”,所以填toprocess。64.答案areremoved解析考查被动语态。remove是及物动词,与fatandsalt为动宾关系,所以用被动语态。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了低脂低盐的饮食方式的提示词是动词时,一般考查时态和语态、主谓一致和非谓语动词三种形式。有时也有动词转换为名词类的考题。作答时要遵循以下步骤:确定是否是谓语动词。若是非谓语动词要确定是用动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式,还是动词不定式。确定主被动关系。确定句子的时态。注意主语和谓语动词的一致性。65.答案a解析考查固定搭配。asaresult“结果”,是固定搭配。66.答案worse解析考查比较级。根据前面的Even可知,所填的词要用比较级。bad的比较级是worse。67.答案is解析考查主谓一致。Fastfood是第三人称单数形式,句子是一般现在时,所以填is。提示词是动词时,一般考查时态68.答案eating解析考查非谓语动词。by是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。69.答案careful解析考查形容词。be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。care的形容词形式是careful。70.答案which解析考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中做主语,所以填which。68.答案eatingPassage11(2017全国2,15分,难度)In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61.(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand62.work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63.(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover64.top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Passage 11Steamengines65.(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen66.(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing67.everyday.Later,engineers68.(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69.(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70.(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【语篇导读】本文是说明文,文章介绍了伦敦地铁的建设、发展以及使用情况。Steam engines 65.61.答案crowds解析考查名词。根据前面的terrible可知,这里用名词crowd的复数形式,表示“人群”。62.答案from解析考查介词。根据前面的to可知,这里填from。toandfromwork“上下班”。63.答案laying解析考查非谓语动词。根据前面的digging和后面的building可知,这里用laying与之保持一致,做谓语动词included的宾语。64.答案the解析考查冠词。这里特指地铁的顶部,意思是在地铁的顶部建了一个坚固的顶棚。65.答案wereused解析考查时态和语态。use和Steamengines之间为动宾关系,文章叙述的是1863年的事情,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。61.答案crowds66.答案fairly解析考查副词。unpleasant是形容词,这里用副词fairly修饰,意思是“相当不舒服”。67.答案it解析考查代词。it在这里指代前面提到的名词therailway。68.答案managed解析考查动词时态。根据上文及后面的became可知,这里用过去时。69.答案introduction解析考查名词。根据前面的the以及后面的of可知,这里要填名词,introduce的名词形式是introduction。70.答案successful解析考查形容词。根据前面的themost可知,这里是形容词的最高级,success是名词,其形容词是successful。66.答案fairlyPassage12(2017全国3,15分,难度)Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61.(rest).Instead,sheisearning6,500adayas62.modelinNewYork.Sarah63.(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainsnewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,64.hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65.(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66.(educate).Passage 12Shehasturneddownseveral67.(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68.engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69.(come)first.Idontwanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70.(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.IdontwanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcantmodelanymore.”【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。16岁的女中学生SarahThomas在被告知能够做超模,年薪百万美金的情况下仍然挑战自我,坚持以学业为重,兼职做模特。她拥有自己的梦想,对未来有更好的人生规划。She has turned down several 6761.答案resting解析考查非谓语动词。spend.