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PekingOperaPekingOpera1Chinese traditional opera is considered one of the worlds three ancient operas,together with Greek tragedy and comedy(希腊悲剧希腊悲剧),and Indian Sanskrit opera(印印度梵语戏剧度梵语戏剧).Among the more than 360 ancient local operas in China,Peking Opera is known as Chinas national opera,despite its comparatively(相对相对地）地）young 200-year history.Chinesetraditionaloperaisc2OriginnAlthoughitiscalledPekingOpera,theoriginsofPekingOperaarenotinBeijingbutintheprovincesofAnhui(EastChina)andHubei(South-centralChina).Itsriseisdueingreatparttothefavorableeyes（慧眼）andpatronage（资助，赞助）oftheimperial（帝王的）royalties.（特许）PekingOperaisapurely（纯粹的）Chineseoperaformdatingbacktotheyear1790,whenthefamousFourAnhuiOperaTroupesfirstcametoBeijingincelebrationofthe80thbirthdayofEmperorQianlong(1711-1799)oftheQingDynasty(1644-1911).Thetourwasahitandthetroupes（剧团）stayed.In1828,somefamousHubeiOperaTroupeplayerscametoBeijing.OriginnAlthoughitiscalledP3TheartistsofHubeiandAnhuitroupesoftenjointly（联合）performedonthestageandabsorbedrepertoires（演奏曲目）,music,arias（唱腔）andperformingtechniques（技巧）ofeachotherandfromotheroperaslikeKunQu,QinQiangandBangZi,aswellasthelocaldialect（方言）andcustomsofBeijing.Itsrepertoiresmainlydepict（描述）fairytales（神话）ofpreceding（之前的）dynastiesandimportanthistoricalevents.Itwasafter1840thatPekingOperaformallytookshape（成形）,growingevenfasterduringthereign（当政）oftheEmpressDowagerCixi(1835-1908),whowasanoperaaficionado（爱好者）.ClassicPekingOperarepertoiresandthenamesofthefirst-generationmasterswereonthelipsof（流传）thepeopleinBeijing,andeventuallyprevalent（流行的）aroundthecountry.TheartistsofHubeiandAnhui4HangdangHangdang5生amalerole,suchasayoungman,anelderlyman,orawarrior（勇士）.生amalerole,suchasayoung6京剧英文介绍ppt课件7老生老生8武生武生9娃娃娃娃生生娃娃生10旦afemalerole,suchasayounglady,abeautifullady,aladywarrior,oranelderlywoman.旦afemalerole,suchasayoun11正旦正旦12花旦花旦13老旦老旦14彩旦彩旦15The make up for sheng and dan roles should highlight（突出）（突出）the eyes and eyebrows and the application of rouge.This type of make up is known as the sumian 素素面面(plain face).Themakeupforshenganddan16净itisalsoknownasthepaintedface,usedonachivalrous（彬彬有礼的）andruggedmalerole.净itisalsoknownasthepa17京剧英文介绍ppt课件18丑itisalsoknownasthelittlepaintedface,usedonvillainous（罪恶的）orcomic（滑稽的）characters.丑itisalsoknownasthelit19jingandchoufollowastandardwayofmakeup.Itusesdifferentcoloursandstrokes（动作)toexaggerate(夸大)theactorsfeatures,eithertobeautifythemortomakethemugly.Theyareusedtoshowthepersonalityofthecharacterandtoaddatouchofdrama（戏剧效果）totherole.ThisistheChinesefacialmakeupthatwearefamiliarwith.jingandchoufollowastandar20脸谱(variouskindsoffacialdesigns)脸谱(variouskindsoffacialdes21Three-partmake-up(sankuaiwa三块瓦)Itemphasises（强调）theforehead（额头）andcheeks.（脸颊）Usedonheroesandwarriors.（勇士）Three-partmake-up(sankuaiwa22Worn-out face(polian 破脸破脸)Alsocalledbrokenfaceoroldface,thestrokes,patternsandcoloursusedonthesefacesaremorecomplicated（复杂）.Theyexpressthecharactersinnermost（内心深处的）feelings.Worn-outfaceAlsocalledbrok23Beancurdface(doufukuailian豆腐块脸)Awhitesquareisdrawnaroundthenose.Itisthepatternusedforachourole.Beancurdface(doufukuailian豆24White face(fenbailian 粉白脸粉白脸)Whitepowderisappliedallovertheface.Ablackpencilisusedtohighlighttheeyes,brows,noseandmuscles.Itisusedoncunning（狡猾的）characters.Whiteface(fenbailian粉白脸)Wh25Thecoloursareclassifiedasprimary,secondary,peripheral（次要的）andcomplementary（补充的）.Nomatterhowcomplicatedthemake-upmaybe,thereisalwaysonemaincolourusedtohighlighttherolescharacter.Thecoloursareclassifiedas26Themeaningbehindthecoloursusedinfacialmake-up:Red-loyaltyandcourage忠诚和勇气Yellow-crueltyandsavagery残忍与野蛮Goldenyellow-godsanddemons神和鬼White-evilBlue-carelessnessandimpetuousness粗心大意和浮躁Blackrighteousness忠义Greenchivalry侠义Themeaningbehindthecolours27京剧英文介绍ppt课件28京剧英文介绍ppt课件29our Famous Dan Actors 四大名旦四大名旦Stage Props in Peking Opera 京剧道具京剧道具Types of Facial Make-up in Beijing Opera 京剧脸谱京剧脸谱Roles in Beijing Opera 京剧的角色京剧的角色Xipi and Erhuang 西皮和二簧西皮和二簧Wenchang and Wuchang 文场和武场文场和武场Piao You and Xia Hai 票友和下海票友和下海Longtao and Figurant 龙套龙套”和和“跑龙套跑龙套”Qiba“起霸起霸”Liangxiang“亮相亮相”ourFamousDanActors四大名旦30京剧英文介绍ppt课件31京剧英文介绍ppt课件32ThankyouThankyou33
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