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现在完成时 大回顾1现在完成时态的各种句式基本结构基本结构 主语主语+have/has+V过去分词过去分词+其它其它一般疑问句一般疑问句Have/has+主语主语+V过去分词过去分词+其它？其它？肯定回答 Yes，主语+have/has.否定回答 No，主语+havent/hasnt.否定句否定句主语主语+havent/hasnt+V过去分词过去分词+其它其它现在完成时态的各种句式基本结构 主语+have/has+2V-V现在分词一，规则变化大部分动词的过去分词是在词尾+ed构成。1，词尾直接+ed looked2，以字母e结尾的+d decided3，以辅音字母+y 结尾的 变y为i+ed studied4，以重读闭音节结尾结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母 的 双写最后一个字母+ed 二，不规则变化 需特殊记忆 见课本126,127,128页V-V现在分词一，规则变化大部分动词的过去分词是在词尾3 现在完成时（I）1，含义 用来谈论过去经历2，例句：你参观过天安门吗？我获得过一等奖。3，标志词 曾经 以前 从不 Have you ever visited Tiananmen square？I have（ever）won the first prizes.everbeforenever 现在完成时（I）Have you eve4 现在完成时态（II)1,表示 动作已经完成并对现在有一定的影响。2，例句 我已经完成家庭作业了.我们还没扫地.3，标志词 just 刚刚（肯定句）already 已经（肯定句）yet 已经（疑问句）yet 还 (否定句）I have already finished my homework.We havent cleaned the floor yet.现在完成时态（II)I have alr5现在完成时(III)含义 某一动作或状态从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，并且有可能延续下去.例句 我们学英语六年了.标志词 for+时间段 for two years since+时间点 since two years ago We have learned English for six years.We have learned English since six years ago.现在完成时(III)含义 某一动作或状态从过去某一时间一直持6How long have you studied at this school？I have studied at this school _ 2014.How long have you studied English？I have studied English _ I was in Grade 3.How long have you lived in Zudian？I have lived in Zudian _ 12 years.How long have you known your best friend？I have known him/her _ 5 years.How long have you used this book？I have used this book _ two months.sincesinceforforforHow long have you studied at t7现在完成时的一对双胞胎have/has been to Have/has gone to1，我去过上海.2，他去上海了.去过某地去过某地（此时已经回来了此时已经回来了）去某地了（去某地了（此时再去某地的路上，此时再去某地的路上，或已经到某地了或已经到某地了）I have been to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.现在完成时的一对双胞胎have/has been to 去过8just 与just now我刚刚听说这个信息.I _ _刚才我去散步了.I _ out for a walk _ _.haveheardjustwentjust nowjust（刚刚刚刚 ）是现在完成时态的标志词是现在完成时态的标志词just now（刚才）（刚才）是是 一般过去时态的标志词一般过去时态的标志词just 与just now我刚刚听说这个信息.hav9two years ago 与 since two years ago 1，两年前我来到了这儿.I _ two years ago.2，自从两年前以来 我就在这儿.I _ since two years ago.came herehave been here two years ago 两年前两年前 一般过去时的标志词一般过去时的标志词 Since two years ago 自从两年前以来自从两年前以来 现在完成时态的标志词现在完成时态的标志词two years ago 与 since two yea10现在完成时态与一般过去时态 课本课本 105 页页现在完成时态与一般过去时态 11
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